scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of oral viridans group Streptococci in children at risk of infective endocarditis

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Morva Moudi ◽  
Nilgoon Pasdar ◽  
Kazem Babazadeh ◽  
Zahra Shahandeh ◽  
Farahnaz Sadighian
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Columbia Blood Agar ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococci

Infective endocarditis (IE) is an important clinical disease in children with a mortality rate of 11.6%. Prophylaxis with antibiotics is one of the most commonly used methods in children at risk of IE; therefore, the evaluation of antibiotic resistance seems necessary in view of its increasing trend. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of oral viridans group streptococci (VGS) isolated from the dental plaque of children at risk of IE. Fifty-one plaque samples were obtained from children aged 3 to 12 years old in the period from April to July 2018. Samples were obtained with sterile swabs and were transferred to the laboratory in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) Broth. Samples were immediately cultivated on Columbia blood agar. After identifying VGS, antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) was performed using Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) with sheep's blood and E-test strips for selected antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for each isolate and the results were reported as sensitive, intermediate and resistant. Fifty-one VGS bacteria were isolated from children with an average age of 7.3 ± 2.5 years. The highest resistance was observed for azithromycin in 36 (70.6%) isolates and then cefazolin in 35 (68.6%) isolates. The highest susceptibility was observed for amoxicillin in 46 (90.2%) isolates. Based on the findings of this study, amoxicillin is the most effective option for prophylaxis in children. Furthermore, cefazolin should be used with caution because bacteria resistant to this antibiotic can transfer resistance genes to other bacteria.

scholarly journals Prevalence, distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from a tertiary Hospital in Malawi

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pizga Kumwenda ◽  
Emmanuel C. Adukwu ◽  
Ebot S. Tabe ◽  
Victor. C. Ujor ◽  
Pocha S. Kamudumuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Abstract Background Bacterial infections are a significant cause of sickness and death in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed at establishing the prevalence, distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of major bacterial isolates from patients accessing medical care at a tertiary hospital in Malawi. Methods We retrospectively reviewed bacteria culture and antimicrobial susceptibility records for 4617 patients from 2002 to 2014 at Mzuzu Central Hospital (MCH). No inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed. Data was analysed using excel (Microsoft office, USA) and GraphPad prism 7 software programs. Results The most prevalent isolates were S. aureus (34.7%, n = 783), Klebsiella species (17.4%, n = 393) and Proteus species (11.4%, n = 256). Most microorganisms were isolated from adults (88.3%, n = 3889) and pus was the main source (69.3%, n = 1224). S. pneumoniae was predominantly isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (60.3%, n = 44) largely collected from children (88.2%, n = 64). Overall, most bacteria exhibited high resistance to all regularly used antimicrobials excluding ciprofloxacin. Conclusions Our report demonstrates an increase in bacterial infection burden in sites other than blood stream and subsequent increase in prevalence of antimicrobial resistance for all major isolates. Creating an epidemiological survey unit at MCH will be essential to help inform better treatment and management options for patients with bacterial infections.

ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF STAPHYLOCOCCOUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS CLINICAL SPECIMENS OF TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN TIRUPATI.

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Indira Ananthapadmanab asamy ◽  
V. Pavani Sai Mounika ◽  
K. Vijayakumar ◽  
C.H. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Systemic Infections

INTRODUCTION: Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of infections including skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening systemic infections like sepsis, endocarditis. This study ais to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of S.aurues among various clinical specimens. METHODS: The study included 326 S.aurues, isolated from various clinical specimens which were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing as per CLSI guidelines. RESULTS: Among the 326 isolates, the highest were from pus specimens (47.85%), and was from Orthopaedics department (28.53%). Among the isolates, 219 (67.17%) were Methicilin resistant. All isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin, and all urine isolates were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin. The highest resistance was towards Penicillin (87.42%), Erythromycin (85.28), and Ciprooxacin (83.13%). CONCLUSION: The most effective way to prevent MRSA infection in every hospital is by performing continuous surveillance of antibiotic resistance and by following an effetive antibiotic policy.

AEROBIC BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE WITH ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF PUS SAMPLES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN JAIPUR

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-67
Author(s):  
Hemendra K Sharma ◽  
Niketa Gupta ◽  
Mahesh Yadav ◽  
Aruna Vyas ◽  
Rajni Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Background: Pyogenic infections can be caused by various microorganisms and may co-exist as poly microbial infections which require antibiotic therapy. The inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to major problems of MDRO's contributing to morbidity and mortality. Even though the bacteriological prole of pus samples in many studies remain the same, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these isolates has shown a lot of variation. This study was conducted to assess bacteriological prole of pus samples and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern Materials and Methods:Aretrospective study was carried out from April to June 2021. 540 pus culture aerobic bacterial isolates were included. The samples were cultured on Blood and MacConkey agar. After aerobic incubation at 37oC for 18-24 hrs, organisms were identied by conventional bacteriology methods as per laboratory protocol and antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI 2020 guideline. Results: Out of 540 pus isolates , 452(83.7%)were gram negative bacili and 88(16.3%) were gram positive cocci Pseudomonas spp. 173(31.9%), was most common gram negative isolate while S.. aureus 66(12.19%) was most common Gram positive isolate. Most of gram negative isolates were susceptible to Imipenem and Polymyxin and gram positive isolates to vancomycin and linezolid . Conclusion: To combat resistance irrational use of antibiotics should be avoided. Also regular surveillance helps in implementing better therapeutic strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality

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