Performance evaluation of a motorized ginger rhizomes peeling machine

A 5kg motorized Ginger rhizome (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) peeling machine was designed, developed and tested. Three moisture contents (70%, 75% and 80% wb), three feed rates (54 kg/h, 68 kg/h and 73 kg/h) and three peeling speeds (230 rpm, 270 rpm and 300 rpm) were used for the performance evaluation of the machine. A 3 × 3 × 3 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design (RCBD); replicated two times was used to study the effects and interactions of the three factors (moisture content, feed rates and peeling speed) on the performance parameters (peeling efficiency, peeling capacity and percent damage). Relationship between performance parameters and the influencing factors were determined using multilevel factorial design and response surface methodology for the graphical analyses. The study showed that peeling efficiency increased from 82.3% to 88.5% with an increase in moisture content from 70% to 80%, a decrease in feed rate from 73 kg/h to 54 kg/h and an increase in peeling speed from 230 rpm to 300 rpm. Peeling capacity increased from 2.4 kg/h to 11.64 kg/h with an increase in moisture content from 70% to 80%, a decrease in feed rate from 73 kg/h to 54 kg/h and an increase in peeling speed from 230 rpmto300 rpm. Percent damage increased from 6.3% to 14.4% with a decrease in moisture content from 80% to 70%, an increase in feed rate from 54 kg/h to 73 kg/h and an increase in peeling speed from 230 rpm to 300 rpm. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) result showed that the interaction of moisture content, feed rate and peeling speed had significant effect on peeling efficiency, peeling capacity and percent damage at p<0.05 level. For a maximum peeling efficiency, peeling capacity and minimum percent damage, an optimum moisture content of 75%, feed rate of 68 kg/h and peeling speed of 270 rpm were recommended for use.

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Combined Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses of Young, Mature, and Old Rhizome Tissues of Zingiber officinale Roscoe

Frontiers in Genetics ◽

10.3389/fgene.2021.795201 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Huanfang Liu ◽

Honghua Yang ◽

Tong Zhao ◽

Canjia Lin ◽

Yongqing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Sucrose Metabolism ◽

Gene Expressions ◽

Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽

Ginger Rhizome ◽

Linoleic Acid Metabolism ◽

Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽

Metabolome Profiling

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is known for its unique pungent taste and useability in traditional Chinese medicine. The main compounds in ginger rhizome can be classified as gingerols, diarylheptanoids, and volatile oils. The composition and concentrations of the bioactive compounds in ginger rhizome might vary according to the age of the rhizome. In this regard, the knowledge on the transcriptomic signatures and accumulation of metabolites in young (Y), mature (M), and old (O) ginger rhizomes is scarce. This study used HiSeq Illumina Sequencing and UPLC-MS/MS analyses to delineate how the expression of key genes changes in Y, M, and O ginger rhizome tissues and how it affects the accumulation of metabolites in key pathways. The transcriptome sequencing identified 238,157 genes of which 13,976, 11,243, and 24,498 were differentially expressed (DEGs) in Y vs. M, M vs. O, and Y vs. O, respectively. These DEGs were significantly enriched in stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid, and gingerol biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant-hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and α-linoleic acid metabolism pathways. The metabolome profiling identified 661 metabolites of which 311, 386, and 296 metabolites were differentially accumulated in Y vs. M, Y vs. O, and M vs. O, respectively. These metabolites were also enriched in the pathways mentioned above. The DEGs and DAMs enrichment showed that the gingerol content is higher in Y rhizome, whereas the Y, M, and O tissues differ in linoleic and α-linoleic acid accumulation. Similarly, the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway is variably regulated in Y, M, and O rhizome tissues. Our results showed that ginger rhizome growth slows down (Y > M > O) probably due to changes in phytohormone signaling. Young ginger rhizome is the most transcriptionally and metabolically active tissue as compared to M and O. The transitioning from Y to M and O affects the gingerol, sugars, linoleic acid, and α-linoleic acid concentrations and related gene expressions.

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Performance evaluation of early maize genotypes in far western hills of Nepal

Journal of Maize Research and Development ◽

10.3126/jmrd.v1i1.14248 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 106-111

Author(s):

Hari Kumar Prasai ◽

Ujjawal Kumar Singh Kushwaha ◽

Bishnu Prasad Joshi ◽

Jiban Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Research And Development ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Initial Evaluation ◽

Research Station ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Evaluation Trial

Initial evaluation trial of maize (early) genotypes was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Doti, Nepal in 2013 and 2014. Total fourteen and fifteen genotypes of early maize were included in initial evaluation experiment of the year 2013 and 2014 respectively. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in each year. Out of the tested genotypes, SO3TEY/LN, ZM 423 and SO3TEY-FM (ER) identified as promising from statistical analysis over year. All the tested characters were found statistically significant. Similarly, the coordinated varietal trial of maize (early) was also carried out in the same station at 2013 and 2014. Total fourteen genotypes in 2013 and fifteen genotypes in 2015 of maize (early) were included in the experiment. The RCB design was applied and the experiment was replicated three times in every year. ZM 627 and ZM 621/Pool -15 genotypes identified as superior next to Arun-2 from the analysis of two year data. All the tested traits were found statistically significant in over year analysis.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):106-111DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34291

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Testing methods of moisture content, critical moisture content, and germination of jamblang (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) seed

Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea ◽

10.18330/jwallacea.2019.vol8iss1pp47-55 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Miraz Nur Indraeni ◽

Faiza Chairani Suwarno ◽

Abdul - Qadir

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Syzygium Cumini ◽

Critical Moisture Content ◽

Testing Method ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Final Count ◽

Critical Moisture

Jamblang (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) researches are still focused to identify the plant benefits, but that leads to efforts to obtain good seed quality hasn’t been done. This study aims to determine the moisture content testing method, the critical moisture content, and germination testing method (sowing media and first and final count of seed germination). Improving procedure for moisture content testing and identified the best media for germination testing was arranged in a Completely Random Design. Determining jamblang seeds critical moisture content was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The experiments were repeated four times. Moisture content with slicing method obtained 49.57%. Jamblang seeds critical water content is 41.61% with 50% germination. The best method of germination was sand medium with fresh seeds (90%). The first count of jamblang seed germination occurs on 32 days after sowing and final count on 83 days after sowing.

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Performance evaluation of quality protein maize genotypes across various maize production agro ecologies of Nepal

Journal of Maize Research and Development ◽

10.3126/jmrd.v1i1.14241 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 21-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiban Shrestha ◽

Keshab B Koirala ◽

Ram B. Katuwal ◽

Narayan B Dhami ◽

Bhanu B Pokhrel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Block Design ◽

Field Trials ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Summer Season ◽

Quality Protein Maize ◽

Maize Production ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Superior Genotypes

To identify superior quality protein maize genotypes for grain yield under different agro climatic conditions of terai and hill districts in Nepal, the coordinated varietal trials (CVT) were conducted at Dailekh, Doti, Salyan, Lumle and Pakhribas in 2013 and Salyan, Pakhribas and Kabre in 2014 during summer season and coordinated farmer’s field trials (CFFT) at Surkhet and Dailekh in 2013 and Salyan, Pakhribas and Khumaltar in 2014 during summer season. The experiment was carried out using randomized complete block design with three replications for CVT and CFFT. Across the locations and years the superior genotypes found under CVT were S01SIYQ, S01SIWQ-2 and Poshilo Makai-1 where as S99TLYQ-HG-AB, S99TLYQ-B and Poshilo Makai-1 were found superior genotypes under CFFT. The superior genotypes derived from CFFT will be promoted further for similar environments across the country.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):21-27DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34282

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Karakteristik Pengeringan dan Sifat Fisik Bubuk Jahe Merah Kering (Zingiber Officinale Var.rubrum) Dengan Variasi Ketebalan Irisan dan Suhu Pengeringan

Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) ◽

10.24843/jbeta.2021.v09.i02.p01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 148

Author(s):

Ni luh Devi Widyanti ◽

Ni Luh Yulianti ◽

Yohanes Setiyo

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Water Content ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Slice Thickness ◽

Powder Form ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Ginger Powder ◽

Red Ginger

ABSTRAK Pengolahan jahe merah dalam bentuk bubuk merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengawetkan hasil panen jahe merah yang memiliki kadar air yang tinggi. Pengolahan jahe merah dalam bentuk bubuk perlu dilakukannya pengeringan pada bahan sehingga mampu mengeluarkan kandungan air yang terdapat pada bahan. Dalam pengeringan suatu bahan suhu dan ketebalan merupakan hal berpengaruh pada pengeringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik pengeringan, sifat fisik bubuk jahe merah serta perlakuan yang menghasilkan kualitas bubuk jahe kering yang paling baik dengan variasi suhu dan ketebalan irisan selama pengeringan. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor dan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor yang pertama yaitu suhu pengeringan 50oC, 60oC, dan 70oC dan faktor kedua yaitu ketebalan irisan jahe merah 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm. Parameter yang diamati yaitu kadar air, kerapatan curah, sudut curah, indeks keseragaman, dan laju penurunan kadar air jahe merah. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antar perlakuan suhu dan ketebalan irisan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap parameter kadar air, kerapatan curah, sudut curah, dan laju penurunan kadar air jahe merah. Selanjutnya perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan (N3S5) dari jahe merah yang dikeringkan dengan ketebalan irisan 3 mm yang dikeringkan dengan suhu 50oC dengan nilai kadar air 10,05% bb, kerapatan curah 790Kg/m3, sudut curah 43,34o. ABSTRACT Processing red ginger in powder form is one way to preserve the red ginger crop, which has a high moisture content. Processing of red ginger in powder form requires drying of the material so it can remove the water content in the material. In drying a material, the temperature and thickness influence drying. The purpose of this study was to determine the drying characteristics, the physical properties of red ginger powder and the treatment that produced the best dry ginger powder quality with variations in temperature and slice thickness during drying. The design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor is the drying temperature of 50oC, 60oC, and 70oC and the second factor is the thickness of the red ginger slices 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm. The parameters observed were moisture content, bulk density, angle of bulk, uniformity index, and rate of reduction in water content of red ginger. The results showed that the interaction between the temperature treatments and the thickness of the slices had a significant effect on the parameters of moisture content, bulk density, angle of bulk, and the rate of reduction in water content of red ginger. The best treatment was obtained in treatment (N3S5) of dried red ginger with a thickness of 3 mm slices dried at a temperature of 50oC with a moisture content value of 10.05% bb, bulk density 790Kg/m3, angle of bulk 43.34o.

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Effect of different storage materials on the seed temperature, seed moisture content and germination of wheat under farmer’s field condition of Kailali district, Nepal

Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.15547/ast.2019.04.060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 352-355

Author(s):

N. Khatri ◽

D. Pokhrel ◽

B.P. Pandey ◽

K.R. Pant ◽

M. Bista

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Seed Moisture Content ◽

Quality Performance ◽

Storage Materials ◽

Seed Moisture ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Long Time

Abstract. A study was conducted at four Village Development Committees (Masuriya, Udashipur, Basauti and Pahalmanpur) of Kailali dis- trict, Far western Region, Nepal in 2016/17 to find out the effect of different storage materials on the seed moisture content and germination percentage of wheat. Seeds of wheat were packed using five storage materials (metal seed bin, earthen pot, purdue improved crop storage / Pics/ bag, gunny bag and super grain bag). The stored seed samples were drawn at three-month intervals starting from May 2016 to January 2017. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in four replications. The results of analysis of variance revealed that the effect of storage materials was significant (P≤0.05) on seed moisture content and seed germination of wheat. After nine months of storage, the seeds stored in Pics bag recorded the lowest moisture (13.3%) and temperature (26.4°C), and the highest germination percentage (91.75%). The lowest quality performance (high moisture and temperature, low germination) of stored seeds was observed in an earthen pot. From the results obtained, it was concluded that wheat seed could be stored for a long time in Pics bag without deteriorating its quality parameters.

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Composition of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger), Soil Properties and Soil Enzyme Activities Grown in Different Concentration of Mineral Fertilizers

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae8010043 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Dilfuza Jabborova ◽

Ravish Choudhary ◽

Abdulahat Azimov ◽

Zafarjon Jabbarov ◽

Samy Selim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Enzymes ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Soil Enrichment ◽

Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽

Ginger Rhizome ◽

And Control

Ginger is rich in different chemical compounds such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, polysaccharides, lipids, organic acids, minerals, and vitamins. The present study investigated the effect of mineral fertilizers on the content of mineral elements in the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, soil enzymes activity, and soil properties in Surkhandarya Region, Uzbekistan. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first in Uzbekistan to investigate the mineral elements of ginger rhizome inhabiting Termez district, Surkhandarya region. A Field experiment was conducted at the Surkhandarya experimental station research Institute. Four treatments have been studied (Control with no fertilizers (T-1), N75P50K50 kg/ha (T-2), N125P100K100 kg/ha (T-3) and N100P75K75 + B3Zn6Fe6 kg/ha (T-4)). Results showed that T-4 treatment significantly increased ginger rhizome K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Na, Mn, Zn, Si, Li, and V content as compared to all other treatments and control. T-3 treatment significantly increased Mo, Ga, and Ag content in comparison to other treatments. Soil enzymes showed a significant increase for all treatments against control, while T-4 treatment has recorded the highest enzyme activity in comparison to all other treatments in urease, invertase, and catalase content. Soil chemical properties have significantly changed for all treatments against the non-cultivated soil and the zero fertilizers plantation with variation among different treatments. Results showed that ginger root is rich in minerals and can be used as a great potential for nutritional supplements and soil enrichment. This study suggest that combination of macro-microelements have the potential to increase the content of mineral elements in the rhizomes of ginger in field conditions.

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Effect of Different Mulching on Moisture Content in Soil, Weed Dynamics and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) in Post Flood Situation in Coastal Odisha

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i730551 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 32-38

Author(s):

P. Mishra ◽

T. R. Sahoo ◽

F. H. Rahman ◽

N. Mohapatra ◽

P. K. Sahoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Organic Mulch ◽

Weed Population ◽

Weed Density ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Weed Dynamics

A field experiment was conducted at the farmer’s field at Ratanpur village of Marshaghai block of Kendrapara district of Odisha to assess the effect of different mulching practices on weed population, moisture content in soil, growth and yield of tomato. The experimental field in an adopted village of Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kendrapara where National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) Project activities are being undertaken. The experiment consists of five mulching treatments like black polythene mulch, black and silver polythene mulch, transparent mulch organic mulch and without mulch as control. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five replications. Results revealed that higher moisture content in soil (14.2 %) at 7 days after planting when black with silver colour polythene mulch was used for tomato cultivation. Black with silver colour polythene mulch showed low weed density and dry weight (0.7/ m2 and 0.4 g/ m2) at 20 and 40 days after planting as compared to other treatments. The same treatment gave significantly higher yield per plant (2.27 kg) and yield (56.5 t/ha). Organic mulch was also found a better treatment with respect to yield per plant (1.84 kg) and yield (48.4 t/ha). Higher return obtained by the farmers when black with silver colour polythene mulch was used for tomato cultivation. Black polythene mulching and organic mulching practices was also found good in soil moisture content, weed population in field and yield of tomato.

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Performance Evaluation of Some Selected Okra Genotypes

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2020/v32i330254 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 13-20

Author(s):

A. T. M. Hamim Ashraf ◽

M. Mizanur Rahman ◽

M. Mofazzal Hossain ◽

Umakanta Sarker

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Fruit Length ◽

Commercial Cultivation ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Fruit Harvest ◽

Fruit Diameter

The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur to evaluate the Performance of Selected Okra Genotypes for Growth and Yield Parameter. The study was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) from March 2008 to July 2008. The studied characters were plant height, branches plant-1, days to first flowering, days to first fruit harvest, picking duration, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruits plant-1, fruit weight, picking duration, yield plant-1, yield hectare-1 and virus infestation. The results showed that studied genotypes differed significantly regarding all the character studied. The maximum plant height (173.92 cm), days to first flowering (40.00), days to first fruit harvest (9.33), picking duration (49.33) found in Green glory genotypes while maximum branches plant-1 (2.50) found in Seminis. The highest fruit length (15.85 cm) and fruit weight (17.81 g) was recorded in IPSA okra, fruit diameter (18.54 mm) in Green glory, fruits plant-1 (15.27), yield plant-1 (250.24 g), yield hectare-1 (13.73 t ha-1) in Jhalak while lowest virus infestation also recorded in Jhalak in all the studied days after sowing. From the present investigation, it can be concluded that the genotypes ‘Jhalok’ and ‘BARI Dherosh 1’ performed better among the studied genotypes and can be recommended for commercial cultivation.

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