We, the people and the world: American liberalism's troubled relationship with international law

Cities, as spaces of socio-cultural organization and economic interaction among people, have always played a dominant role in the development and implementation of international law. Today, a new strand of legal scholarship focuses on cities and local communities as competitors and partners with the nation State in a new project of modernization and democratization of international law. This paper looks at this new trend against the background of the historical narrative of cities in the development of international law. At the same time, it calls attention to the fact that half of humanity still lives and works in rural areas, in the vast countryside of the world. Rural communities have been the servants of the city since the beginning of time. Today, their dignity and rights are beginning to be recognized by acts of the United Nations such as the 2007 Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the 2018 Declaration on the Rights of Peasants. Yet, these people remain a disadvantaged and vulnerable class. A true modernization and democratization of international law requires that we keep a balanced approach to the legal recognition of the voices and rights of urban communities and those of the people who work and live in the countryside of the world.

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Universities in Opposition to Israel’s Military Occupation and the De-development of the West Bank and Gaza

Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry ◽

10.18733/c35p41 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Keith Hammond

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

International Aid ◽

Human Right ◽

Right To Education ◽

The West ◽

Education And Health ◽

The People ◽

Global Issue ◽

The World ◽

West Bank And Gaza

This paper argues that the violation of justice in Palestine began in 1948 and was deepened in 1967 with the further occupation and de-development of Palestine which continues to this day. For forty two years, international law has been defied by Israel with one excuse after another that few people accept. Israel has persistently built more and more settlements and separations that make the basic human right to education and health near impossible for the Palestinians. Whilst international aid has been necessary, it has been politically ineffective in halting the capture and annexing of more and more Palestinian land. More Palestinians are removed from Jerusalem every day as violence upon violence is piled on the people of Palestine. This paper argues that this is unacceptable for the international family of higher education. It argues that universities around the world should take a political lead in response to the call from Palestinian and other peace workers to build the Boycott, Disinvestment and Sanctions movement in global civil society. This paper moves the position that history has built up to a point where justice for Palestine is now an undeniable global issue for people of conscience everywhere. The situation is such that universities cannot step back and leave it to politicians. Academics and students must speak out and take a lead in ending the day to day abuse of basic Palestinian rights.

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A word about . . . Called for such a time as this

Review & Expositor ◽

10.1177/00346373211011765 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 118 (2) ◽

pp. 143-145

Author(s):

LeAnn Snow Flesher

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Environmental Concerns ◽

Health Concerns ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

National Economies ◽

We The People ◽

At Home

The years 2020 and 2021 are some of the most unusual and memorable in the lives of those on the planet today. The world has been united in its efforts to address and eliminate a global pandemic. The pandemic has heightened our awareness of the intersectionality of class, gender, race, and more, at home and abroad. With health concerns at a zenith, national economies at risk, racial tensions at an all-time high, and environmental concerns looming, we, the people, are called to step up to do our part to bring solutions, resolutions, and conclusions. This moment is not one to sit back and wait, rather a moment for everyone to do their part. We are living on this planet together—each of us has a role to play. What is your role? Do you know?

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The Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Nations Adopted by the American Institute of International Law

The American Journal of International Law ◽

10.2307/2187520 ◽

1916 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 211-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elihu Root

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

Foreign Relations ◽

American Institute ◽

Foreign Service ◽

The People ◽

Law Of Nations ◽

The World ◽

The Subject ◽

The Law ◽

International Events

With this meeting we finish the first decade of this Society. How great is the change of conditions in the field of international law during that period. Ten years ago all the governments of the world professed unqualified respect and obedience to the law of nations, and a very small number of persons not directly connected with government knew or cared anything about it. In this country at least international law was regarded as a rather antiquated branch of useless learning, diplomacy as a foolish mystery, and the foreign service as a superfluous expense. Now that governments have violated and flouted the law in many ways and with appalling consequences, the people of this country at least have begun to realize that observance of the law has a real and practical relation to the peace and honor of their own country and their own prosperity. They are beginning to take an interest in the subject, to discuss it in the newspapers, to inquire how observance of the law may be enforced. There appears a dawning consciousness that a democracy which undertakes to control its own foreign relations ought to know something about the subject. If we had not established this Society ten years ago to study and discuss and spread a knowledge of international law it would surely be demanded now, and we may be certain that our annual public discussions and the publication of the admirable Journal which we have always maintained, with its definite and certain informa-lion upon international events, its interesting and well informed discussion of international topics, and its supplements, with their wealth of authentic copies of international documents, have contributed materially towards fitting the people of our country to deal with the international situations which are before them.

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Transformasi Hukum Islam dalam Bentuk al-Qânûn al-Duwalî

AHKAM Jurnal Ilmu Syariah ◽

10.15408/ajis.v13i2.939 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rizal Darwis & Asna Usman Dilo

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

Islamic Law ◽

State Law ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Ethics Of War ◽

Concentric Circles

Abstract: Transformation of Islamic Law within the Form of al-Qânûn al-Duwalî. International law (al-qânûn al-duwalî) is inter-country or inter-nation law that shows the complex principles and rules which regulate the intercommunity relationships of nations or states and international law issues are not apart from the religion professed by the people in the world. One of them is Islam, whose source of basic rules from Alquran and Hadith have greatly provided guidance of state law such as ethics of war, concept of dâr al-Islâm and dâr al-harb. Religion, state and law will unite to form concentric circles as one entity that is closely related to one another. In essence, Islamic law provides transformation in the field of international law.Keywords: religion, state, al-qânûn al-duwalî, dâr al-Islâm, dâr al-harbAbstrak: Transformasi Hukum Islam dalam Bentuk al-Qânûn al-Duwalî. Hukum internasional (al-qânûn al-duwalî) adalah hukum antarnegara atau antarbangsa yang menunjukkan pada kompleks asas dan kaidah yang mengatur hubungan antarmasyarakat bangsa-bangsa atau negara, dan permasalahan hukum internasional tidak terlepas pula dari ajaran agama yang dianut oleh masyarakat di dunia. Salah satunya adalah agama Islam, yang sumber ajaran pokoknya dari Alquran dan Hadis telah banyak memberikan pedoman hukum bernegara, seperti: etika perang, konsep dâr al-Islâm, dan dâr al-harb. Agama, negara, dan hukum akan bersatu membentuk lingkaran konsentris sebagai satu kesatuan yang berhubungan erat dengan satu sama lain. Intinya, hukum Islam memberikan transformasi dalam bidang hukum internasional.Kata Kunci: agama, negara, al-qânûn al-duwalî, dâr al-Islâm, dâr al-harbDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i2.939

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¿De dónde venimos, qué somos, adónde vamos? Un ensayo sobre el sentido de la vida en el universo antrópico

Naturaleza y libertad revista de estudios interdisciplinares ◽

10.24310/nyl.v10i3.3676 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ramón Tamames

Keyword(s):

Meaning Of Life ◽

Big Bang ◽

Human Condition ◽

Expanding Universe ◽

Human Community ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Big Crunch ◽

The Big Bang ◽

We The People

Resumen: De dónde venimos. El universo en expansión: ¿del big bang al big crunch? Millones de años de soledad, Paradoja de Fermi y universo antrópico. La fuerza de la evolución y el idioma del ADN. ¿Qué somos? Dueños de la Tierra más Inteligencia Artificial. El sentido de la vida y la condición humana. Pueblo elegido, excepcionalismo, comunidad humana Adónde vamos. Punto omega, azar y necesidad. Ciencia y trascendencia. El principio esperanza y las cuatro preguntas de Kant. La comunidad humana: We, the people of the world. . Where we come from? What we are? Where do we go? An essay on the meaning of life in the anthropic universe. Abstract: Where we come from? The expanding universe: from the big bang to the big crunch? Millions of years of solitude, Paradox of Fermi and anthropic universe. The force of evolution and the language of the DNA. What are we? Landowners + AI. The meaning of life and the human condition. Chosen peo-ple, exceptionalism, human community. Where we go? Omega point, chance and need. Science and transcendence. The main hope and the four questions of Kant. The human community: We, the people of the world. Recibido: 16/10/2017 Aprobado: 5/11/2017

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THE WORLD OF WHITE DEMOCRATES OR WHY THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM RE-QUIRES REFORMATION

Young Scientist ◽

10.32839/2304-5809/2018-12-64-51 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

Author(s):

S.S. Sokha

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

Second World War ◽

Main Task ◽

World War ◽

World Community ◽

The People ◽

Priority Task ◽

The World ◽

International Legal System ◽

Second World

International institutions, conventions, agreements, etc. did not realize the main task after the Second World War – maintaining peace, preventing wars, crises, world shocks through diplomatic regulation. Actual is the issue of identifying the causes, analyzing them and proposing solutions to the problems that have arisen before the world community. The new mechanism, which is proposed, should be based on the understanding of naturalness for a certain nation, race, take into account primarily the mental, historical, cultural, and other realities of the people living. The first priority task for international law is to protect and develop issues of global importance, which really affect the interests of each person regardless of their place of residence, but now we observe interference, imposing a model of white democracy for each region.

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The Munich Settlement and International Law

The American Journal of International Law ◽

10.2307/2190836 ◽

1939 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 12-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Quincy Wright

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

British Empire ◽

Prime Minister ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

German Reich

In his world broadcast on September 27, 1938, immediately after his conversations at Godesberg with Chancellor Hitler, Prime Minister Chamberlain pointed out that he had gained the Czech Government’s consent to the Berchtesgaden proposals which “gave the substance of what Herr Hitler wanted,” and that he “was taken completely by surprise” when at Godesberg he “found that he [Hitler] insisted that the territory should be handed over to him immediately, and immediately occupied by German troops without previous arrangement for safeguarding the people within the territory who were not Germans or did not want to join the German Reich.” This attitude he found “unreasonable” but added that in spite of sympathy “with a small nation confronted by a big and powerful neighbor we can not in all circumstances undertake to involve the whole British Empire in war simply on her account. If we have to fight it must be on a larger issue than that. I am myself a man of peace . . . but if I were convinced that any nation had made up its mind to dominate the world by fear of its force, I should feel that it must be resisted.”

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5. Representation

The U.S. Constitution: A Very Short Introduction ◽

10.1093/actrade/9780195378320.003.0005 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 60-75

Author(s):

David J. Bodenhamer

Keyword(s):

World View ◽

Voting Rights Act ◽

Constitutional Amendments ◽

Race And Gender ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

And Gender ◽

American Society ◽

Republican Liberty ◽

We The People

More than most constitutional issues, questions of representation and suffrage have exposed the fault lines of class, race, and gender in American society. Popular sovereignty was the touchstone of republican liberty, but only grudgingly did rulers admit the ruled into their circle. The world-view of the framers had no room for women, blacks, Indians, or the poor as citizens worthy of the ballot. It took a series of constitutional amendments, all spurred by war or mass movements, to expand the electorate and redefine “we the people” to include all adult citizens as rulers. ‘Representation’ describes the various Amendments to the Constitution and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that have reshaped what representation means.

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Achieving Reciprocity: Anthropological Research and Development Assistance

Practicing Anthropology ◽

10.17730/praa.14.4.u2mt1674qn73277w ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 12-15

Author(s):

Inge Bolin

Keyword(s):

International Development ◽

Development Assistance ◽

Field Work ◽

The South ◽

New Paradigm ◽

The North ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Anthropological Research ◽

We The People

In October of 1990 representatives of universities and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) from different parts of the world participated in a conference in Vancouver, Canada, entitled "Universities and NGOs - International Development at the Crossroads: A New Paradigm in the Making." One of the participants from Belize concluded his speech with the remark: "How can we, the people from the South, reciprocate for the NGO development assistance we receive from the North?" As an anthropologist engaged in field work in various parts of the world, I too have been concerned about reciprocity. My question, however, is diametrically opposed. I have been asking myself: What can anthropologists do for the people in the South whose knowledge, assistance, and patience are crucial to the success of our research?

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