scholarly journals Ciudadanos, apátridas, exiliados y migrantes: la diáspora ecuatoguineana de la Comunidad de Madrid

Aldaba ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Raúl Sánchez Molina ◽  
Enrique Galiano Sierra ◽  
Inmaculada López
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Migratory Movement ◽  
Political Structures

Condiciones histórico-estructurales vinculadas al colonialismo, la pervivencia de estructuras de poder heredadas del franquismo y los actuales procesos de globalización del capital son algunos de los factores que explican que Guinea Ecuatorial continúe siendo un país expulsor de refugiados y migrantes desde su independencia en 1968. Y que España, como antigua metrópoli colonial, sea el país receptor de gran parte de su diáspora. El origen y el desarrollo de ésta no hace más que incidir en la asociación que en los estudios migratorios y transnacionales se ha establecido entre condiciones estructurales tanto en países expulsores como receptores con los modos de incorporación de refugiados y migrantes en los lugares de asentamiento, con el desarrollo de redes sociales y de relaciones transnacionales poscoloniales. A partir de investigaciones etnográficas llevadas a cabo con migrantes y refugiados ecuatoguineanos asentados en la región metropolitana de la Comunidad de Madrid, este artículo describe y analiza cómo estos factores afectan sus modos de incorporación y adaptación a esta región metropolitana, así como el mantenimiento de relaciones sociales y culturales con sus sociedades de origen.Historic structural conditions from colonialism, power political structures coming from franquismo, and current processes of capital globalization are factors explaining that Equatorial Guinea has become a postcolonial country expelling refugees and migrants to is former colonial metropole (Spain) since its independence in 1968. This migratory movement is an example in which we can observe how postcolonial structural conditions linking sending and receiving countries and social networks affect current refugees and migrants’ dynamics as well as the development of postcolonial transnational relationships. Based on ethnographic research done with refugees and migrants from Equatorial Guinea settled in the Madrid metropolitan region, this article describes and analyzes how these factors affect their modes of incorporation and adaptation to this host metropolitan area while maintaining social and cultural relationships with their home societies.

scholarly journals Parents' and children's perception on social media advertising

Comunicar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (67) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Feijoo ◽  
Simón Bugueño ◽  
Charo Sádaba ◽  
Aurora García-González
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Santiago De Chile ◽  
Social Media Advertising ◽  
Advertising Literacy ◽  
Selection Of

This article presents the results of research that seeks to analyze the ability of minors to identify the advertising messages received through the most used social networks by this audience (YouTube and Instagram). Children’s aptitude to recognize persuasive intent was measured in a selection of examples taken for this study, as well as the perception that parents or guardians had about the minor's ability to recognize advertising on the platforms analyzed. Results were obtained from a survey applied to dyads in 501 homes in the Metropolitan Area of Santiago de Chile, to children aged 10 to 14 and to one of their parents or guardians. Main results include the notion that more than 50% of children were not able to detect advertising in examples containing ads. Lower recognition percentages were obtained in cases that combined persuasive content and entertainment and were not classified as advertising. For their part, adults perceived that their children recognize persuasive intent to a lesser extent than indicated by the children themselves. An explicit and clear signaling of advertising messages, as well as advertising literacy according to the age of minors could help them discern the content they consume on social networks. Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que analiza la capacidad del menor para identificar los mensajes publicitarios que recibe a través de las redes sociales de más uso entre este perfil de audiencia (YouTube e Instagram). Se midió la aptitud de niños y niñas para reconocer la intencionalidad persuasiva en una selección de ejemplos tomados para este estudio. Adicionalmente se analizó también la percepción que sus padres o adultos responsables declararon tener sobre dicha capacidad de los menores. Los resultados provienen de una encuesta aplicada en díadas en 501 hogares del Área Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile tanto a niños y niñas entre 10 y 14 años como a uno de sus padres o adulto responsable. Entre los principales resultados destaca que en los ejemplos propuestos la mayoría de los encuestados (más de un 50%) no fue capaz de detectar publicidad en contenidos que sí la integraban. Los porcentajes de reconocimiento fueron incluso inferiores en aquellos casos que entremezclaban contenido persuasivo y entretenimiento y que no estaban catalogados como publicitarios. Por su parte, padres y madres percibieron que sus hijos reconocen la intencionalidad persuasiva en menor medida que lo indicado por ellos. Una señalización explícita y clara de los mensajes publicitarios, así como una alfabetización publicitaria acorde a la edad de los menores podrían ayudarles a discernir los contenidos que consumen en redes sociales.

scholarly journals LIBERTAD DE EXPRESIÓN, REDES SOCIALES Y DERECHO PENAL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Miró-Llinares
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
Free Expression ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Derecho Penal ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays it is easy to find public statements about the situation of freedom of expression in different democracies questioning the exercise of this right, perhaps as a result of the political tensions to which democratic states have been subjected in recent years. In this sense, Spain does not escape from these diagnoses. Both international indicators that try to measure the situation and evolution of freedom of expression in different States and academic scholars highlight the excessive criminalization of certain speeches that end up in criminal proceedings that sentence people who make offensive expressions, mainly through social networks. However, in order to reach this diagnosis it is necessary to put together all the symptoms that would lead us to that conclusion. Therefore, in this paper I analyze two main indicators that could shed more light on the state of freedom of expression in Spain and the impact that social networks have had on it. Firstly, I analyze the legislative evolution of expression offences since 1995, to evaluate the limits of certain expressions in order to reach the conclusion that, effectively, over the years the punitive scope of what cannot be expressed has been extended, thus limiting, at least in abstract, freedom of expression. Secondly, I analyze the jurisprudential evolution of all these crimes since 1995 to show that, indeed, the proliferation of sentences from 2015 to the present shows the increase in the criminalization of expressions that are made eminently through social networks such as Twitter and Facebook. To conclude, I reflect on the possibility that the latest absolutory sentence by the Constitutional Court of the singer of the band Def con Dos César Strawberry will increase the feeling that, from now on, all expression is admissible and, therefore, will increase free expression in general and, in particular, in social networks, since, it does not seem that our legislator is willing to rectify in its steps the excessive criminalization of certain offenses. I also reflect on the need to approach freedom of expression in a more empirical way and the need to evaluate not only the limitations that the law and judicial processes impose on freedom of expression, but also the extent to which citizens in general and, in particular, users of social networks, without the need to have gone through any criminal proceedings, have stopped expressing their opinions because only in this way will it be possible to determine the state of health of our right to freedom of expression.

scholarly journals #VEMPRARUA: jornadas de um espaço em rede

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 240-255
Author(s):  
Gustavo Souza Santos
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
The Core ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Palabras Clave

  As jornadas de junho se constituíram como um movimento de insurgência disposto sobre o Brasil no período de junho de 2013, com base nas iniciativas do MPL em protesto contra a tarifa do transporte público em São Paulo, mas cujo escopo se ampliou e abarcou uma série de demandas sociais cuja origem é o âmago da sociedade brasileira na extensão e nas particularidades do território nacional. Na dinâmica dos atos, redes de comunicação alternativa e autônoma foram instrumentos de movimentação, informação e coesão das manifestações, por meio de dispositivos e redes sociais. A proposta deste estudo foi refletir as dinâmicas das Jornadas de Junho, considerando a dimensão do ciberespaço como elemento aglutinador de práticas socioespaciais e de insurgência, na busca de uma aproximação entre Geografia e ciberespaço no contexto do exame do caso em questão. Palavras-chave: Jornadas de Junho. Movimentos Sociais. Espaço. Ciberespaço. Rede.   #VEMPRARUA: journeys of a space in network ABSTRACT The June days were constituted as an insurgency movement arranged over Brazil in the period of June 2013, based on the MPL initiatives in protest against the São Paulo public transportation fare, but whose scope has been expanded and encompassed a series of social demands whose origin is the core of Brazilian society in the extension and particularities of the national territory. In the dynamic of the acts, alternative and autonomous communication networks were instruments of movement, information and cohesion of the manifestations, through devices and social networks. The purpose of this study was to reflect the dynamics of the June Conference, considering the dimension of cyberspace as an agglutinating element of socio-spatial and insurgency practices, in the search for an approximation between Geography and cyberspace in the context of the examination of the case in question. Keywords: June Jorneys. Social Movements. Space. Cyberspace. Network.   #VEMPRARUA: jornadas de un espacio en red RESUMEN Las jornadas de junio se constituyeron como un movimiento de insurgencia dispuesto sobre Brasil en el período de junio de 2013, con base en las iniciativas del MPL en protesta contra la tarifa del transporte público en São Paulo, pero cuyo alcance se amplió y abarcó una serie de las demandas sociales cuyo origen es el núcleo de la sociedad brasileña en la extensión y en las particularidades del territorio nacional. En la dinámica de los actos, redes de comunicación alternativa y autónoma fueron instrumentos de movimiento, información y cohesión de las manifestaciones, por medio de dispositivos y redes sociales. La propuesta de este estudio fue reflejar las dinámicas de las Jornadas de Junio, considerando la dimensión del ciberespacio como elemento aglutinante de prácticas socioespaciales y de insurgencia, en la búsqueda de una aproximación entre Geografía y ciberespacio en el contexto del examen del caso en cuestión. Palabras clave: Jornadas de Junio. Movimientos Sociales. Espacio. Ciberespacio. Red.

scholarly journals El surgimiento de la megaurbanización Nordelta en la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires: consideraciones en torno a las nociones de ciudad-fragmento y comunidad purificada / The Emergence of the Nordelta Megaurbanization in the Metropolitan Region of Bu

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Florencia Girola
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Permanent Housing

En este artículo se focaliza uno de los procesos más generalizados y polémicos que se registran en las grandes ciudades contemporáneas: el desarrollo de conjuntos residenciales que cuentan con seguridad y que sirven de vivienda permanente a los sectores medios y altos de la población. Más concretamente, intentamos cuestionar y examinar –desde una perspectiva etnográfica– las visiones sobre estos conjuntos ancladas en torno a la categoría de fragmentación urbana, a partir del análisis de un ejemplo específico: la emergencia de grandes emprendimientos en la Región Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires; en este caso se trata de una singular ciudad privada y periférica. AbstractThis article focuses on one of the most generalized, polemic processes recorded in major contemporary cities: the development of residential complexes with security that serve as permanent housing for the middle and upper classes of the population. More specifically, the author attempts to use an ethnographic perspective to question the views on these complexes placed within the category of urban fragmentation on the basis of the analysis of a specific example; the emergence of major developments in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires; in this case, an unusual private, peripheral city.

scholarly journals Social networks and alcohol consumption among first generation Chinese and Korean immigrants in the Los Angeles metropolitan area

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-255
Author(s):  
C. Richard Hofstetter ◽  
John D. Clapp ◽  
Jon-Patrick Allem ◽  
Suzanne C. Hughes ◽  
Yawen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Korean Immigrants ◽  
Dual Frame ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Chinese Origin

Hofstetter, C., Clapp, J., Allem, J., Hughes, S., Li, Y., Irvin, V., Daly, A., Kang, S., & Hovell, M. (2014). Social networks and alcohol consumption among first generation Chinese and Korean immigrants in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(4), 245-255. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i4.188Aims: To test hypotheses involving mechanisms of reinforcement of alcohol behaviors operating in social networks.Design: Telephone interviews conducted by professional interviewers in Mandarin or Korean or English with first generation Chinese (from Mainland or Taiwan) and Korean immigrants residing using a dual frame stratified sampling design. Combined probability and non-probability approaches for sampling due to the widespread use of cell phones. Interviews were conducted in language of preferences with over 95% of interviews in Korean or Mandarin.Setting: Residents of three counties with the largest proportions of eligible residents (Los Angeles, Orange, and San Bernardino) were included.Participants: Adult residents (21 and over) stratified by gender who could be reached by telephone constituted the sample.Measures: Measures included frequency/amount alcohol consumption drawn from NIAAA standard, a “relax, socialize, have fun with” name generator was used to identify alters. Reinforcers within networks were measured by participant reports of amount of alter drinking, drunkenness, and encouragement to drink, acculturation, and demographic variables were measured by self report.Findings: Using a random effects approach and controlling for other variables, including drinking in the network, acculturation, Korean/Chinese origin, and demographics, source of immigration, network context, as was and sampling frame, encouragement to drink in the network was related to drinking (P<.05).Conclusions: Studies of social networks in relation to health behaviors should include measures of actions within networks, especially reinforcers of behaviors, in order to understand the functioning and consequences of networks.

scholarly journals Gene EBNA3C: Type of Infection by EBV (EBV1 and EBV2) Correlation With Clinical and Biochemical Parameters (AST, ALT and GGT) in Individuals With Infectious Mononucleosis in the Metropolitan Area of Belém, Pará, 2005-2016

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Antonia Furtado Monteiro ◽  
Iran Barros Costa ◽  
Igor Brasil Costa ◽  
Thais Letícia dos Santos Corrêa ◽  
Beatriz Monteiro Rodrigues Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Clinical Biochemistry ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biochemical Testing

Abstract Background: Two types of EBV (EBV1 and 2) have been shown to infect humans. This study aimed to detect the types of EBV that cause infectious mononucleosis and correlate these viral types with biochemical parameters (AST, ALT and GGT) in the metropolitan region of Belém from 2005 to 2016. Methods: A total of 76 cases of infectious mononucleosis were processed at the Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil. PCR was used to analyze the EBNA3C region for the recognition of EBV types. Biochemical testing (AST, ALT and GGT) was performed by the COBAS INTEGRA clinical biochemistry PLUS 400 / ROCHE automatic analyzer. The data were evaluated using the Statistical Package for Social Science - SPSS 17.0 and GraphPadPrism 7.0 for Windows (GraphPad software, San Diego, CA, USA). Results: EBV1 infection was observed in 71.1% (54/76) of individuals, among whom those > 14 years constituted 66.7% (36/54); the average age was 23 years, and the number of women infected was higher (61.1% [33/54]) than that of men 38.9%[21/54]). The symptoms/clinical signs observed in infection by EBV1 were cervical lymphadenopathy in 64.8% (35/54), fever in 63% (34/54), headache and arthralgia in 20.3% (11/54), and exanthema in 18.5% (10/54). Infection by EBV2 was observed in only 17.1% (13/76) of cases. Coinfection by EBV1 and EBV2, most frequently showing symptoms of fever and cervical lymphadenopathy, occurred in 66.7% (6/9) and 55.6% (5/9) of individuals. Conclusion: EBV1 was predominant in 71% of clinical cases of infectious mononucleosis. The correlation of biochemical parameters in infection by EBV1, EBV2, and coinfection by EBV1/2 revealed a statistically significant difference in mean changes of EBV1 in individuals older than 14 years.

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