scholarly journals Acquiring the cardinal knowledge of number words: A conceptual replication

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Rousselle ◽  
Line Vossius
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Developmental Pattern ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Words ◽  
Counting Range ◽  
Children First

Understanding the way in which counting represent numerosities was shown to be a long-lasting process. As shown in the Give-a-number task, acquiring the meanings of verbal number words goes through successive developmental stages in which children first learn the cardinal meanings of small number words one at a time before generalizing the cardinal principle they have induced from the first three number words to all number words within their counting range. This acquisition would take about a year, and would be completed by the age of 3 ½ years. The aim of the present study was to provide a conceptual replication of the developmental sequence described in Wynn’s study nearly 30 years ago using the Give-a-number task. A first cross-sectional study was conducted on 213 Belgian children aged between 39 and 74 months using the Give-a-number task to examine the developmental pattern and the influence of age on this acquisition. The time span of acquisition was examined in a second study in which 34 children were tested five times every months between the age of 36 to 52 months. Results showed that acquiring the cardinal meanings of number words spread out over a protracted period, far more extended than assumed by Wynn. Furthermore, children do not generalize all-at-once to large number words, the cardinal knowledge they learned on small number words. Rather, number words were found to be learned one at a time in a really progressive manner. Results were discussed with regard to their implications for the existing theories and in relation with other tasks assessing the acquisition of verbal number symbols.

scholarly journals SEROPREVALENCE OF SALMONELLA SPP. ON IMPORT BOARS FROM DENMARK TO SERBIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Stojanac ◽  
Ognjen Stevančević ◽  
Božidar Savić ◽  
Ivan Stančić ◽  
Aleksandar Potkonjak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year ◽  
Swine Herds

The sera from 120 boars from 3 farrow-to-finish swine herds in Serbia were examined for Salmonella spp. antibodies in a cross-sectional study using an ELISA test. A total of 120 blood serum samples from boars imported from Denmark were examined. All boars were seronegative to Salmonella during the import, while after one year Salmonella spp. seroprevalence ranging from 0% to 45% was found in 3 herds using two tests in the time span of one year. Only on one farm during the import in 2011, after a year boars were still seronegative. A year later on the same farm, in boars imported in 2012 the seroprevalence was 30%. Seroprevalence of Salmonella spp. in boars tested on all farms was 24,17%.

scholarly journals Time span from onset of oral cancer symptoms to treatment: a hospital based cross sectional study in South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5082
Author(s):  
Shivaraj Nallur Somanna ◽  
Nandakumar Bidare Sastry ◽  
Ramesh Cheluvarayaswamy ◽  
K. S. Sabitha ◽  
Murthy Nandagudi Srinivasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Symptoms ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients

Background: Oral cancer is one of the major health problems in India. Patient delay in seeking medical help usually contributes to late stage at diagnosis, high mortality and low survival. Our study aims to find the time span from first onset of oral cancer symptoms to cancer specific primary treatment.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from October 2015-September 2016 in one of the tertiary care cancer center in Bangalore. Histopathologically confirmed 212 incident oral cancer patients were interviewed using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire.Results: The median time span between onset of symptoms and seeking medical care was 60 [IQR 30, 104] days, the median time between seeking medical care and diagnosis was 30 [IQR 15, 90] days, and the median time between diagnosis and initiation of treatment was 20 [IQR 12, 33] days.Conclusions: There is considerable delay in seeking cancer specific primary treatment among oral cancer patients. Efforts should be undertaken to increase awareness in the population and all stakeholders regarding symptoms and improve early diagnostics and access to care.

Color Preferences: A Cross-Cultural and Cross-Sectional Study

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Choungourian
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Color Preferences ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Method Of Paired Comparisons

308 American and Lebanese male and female Ss at different age and educational levels expressed their preferences for 8 Ostwald colors (red, orange, yellow, yellow-green, green, green-blue, blue, and purple) through the method of paired comparisons. The main findings indicate that green was significantly not preferred at earlier developmental stages while significantly preferred at a later adult age.

Developmental Change in Auditory Preferences for Speech Stimuli in Japanese Infants

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Hayashi ◽  
Yuji Tamekawa ◽  
Shigeru Kiritani
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Developmental Change ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Native Speech ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Japanese Infants

The developmental change in auditory preferences for speech stimuli was investigated for Japanese infants aged 4–14 months old. We conducted three experiments using two speech pairs in the head-turn preference procedure. Infant-directed (ID) speech and adult-directed (AD) speech stimuli were used in a longitudinal study (Experiment 1) and a cross-sectional study (Experiment 2). Native (Japanese) and non-native (English) speech stimuli were used in a cross-sectional study (Experiment 3). In all experiments, infants demonstrated a developmental change in their listening preference. For the ID/AD speech pair used in Experiments 1 and 2, infants show a U-shaped developmental shift with three developmental stages: Stage 1, in which very young infants tend to prefer ID speech over AD speech; Stage 2, in which the preference for ID speech decreases temporarily; and Stage 3, in which older infants again show a consistent preference for ID speech. For the native/non-native speech pair, there is a tendency for an increased preference for native speech over non-native speech, although infants did not demonstrate a U-shaped pattern. The difference in developmental pattern between the two types of speech pairs was discussed.

Does a Graduate Course in Fluency Disorders Make a Difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R. Klein ◽  
Barbara J. Amster
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Communicative Disorders

Abstract A study by Yaruss and Quesal (2002), based on responses from 134 of 239 ASHA accredited graduate programs, indicated that approximately 25% of graduate programs in the United States allow students to earn their degree without having coursework in fluency disorders and 66% of programs allow students to graduate without clinical experience treating people who stutter (PWS). It is not surprising that many clinicians report discomfort in treating PWS. This cross-sectional study compares differences in beliefs about the cause of stuttering between freshman undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory course in communicative disorders and graduate students enrolled and in the final weeks of a graduate course in fluency disorders.

Confidence toward vaccination as reported by parents of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Vacunas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. AlGoraini ◽  
N.N. AlDujayn ◽  
M.A. AlRasheed ◽  
Y.E. Bashawri ◽  
S.S. Alsubaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

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