scholarly journals The comparison of Imagery ability in elite, sub-elite and non-elite swimmers

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Pedro Alexandre Duarte Mendes ◽  
Daniel Almeida Marinho ◽  
Diogo Monteiro ◽  
Luís Cid ◽  
Rui Paulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Elite Group ◽  
Intervention Method ◽  
Movement Imagery ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
And Control

The ability to generate and control mental images is present in all of us, but it differs from person to person. Therefore, it is important to understand that imagery ability can be changed through training and experimentation, it is not a fixed ability (Cumming & Williams, 2012). The aim of this study is to compare imagery ability in elite, sub-elite and non-elite athletes in a sport which involves closed and continuous motor skills, such as swimming. 79 swimmers (male N = 37; female N = 42) at an average age of 17 took part in this study. In order to assess imagery ability, the Movement Imagery Questionnaire 3 was used, Portuguese version (Mendes et al., 2016). After analysis of the results, these show that in each and every imagery modality, the scores in the three groups differ significantly. In kinesthetic and external visual imagery the elite and sub-elite groups’ scores, although not statistically different from each other, are significantly higher than those of the non-elite group. In internal visual imagery, the differences between all the compared pairs of groups are statistically significant. The elite group got the highest scores, followed by the sub-elite group average scores and finally the non-elite group average scores. According to these results, the conclusion is that athletes with better performance show greater imagery ability and that apparently the external visual imagery proved to be the best intervention method among swimming athletes.

scholarly journals Imagery ability in Boccia: Comparison among federate athletes from different medical sport groups

Motricidade ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
André Amorim ◽  
Bruno Travassos ◽  
Pedro Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practice ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Imagery Training ◽  
Movement Imagery ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
Visualization Ability

The aim of this study was to analyse and compare movement visualization ability in federate and non-federate Boccia athletes, and among federate Boccia medical sport groups. Forty-two Boccia athletes (Federate N = 24; Non-federate N = 18) at an average age of 35.8 (SD = 11.19) participated in this study. The Portuguese version of Movement Imagery Questionnaire - 3 (MIQ-3), was used for this study. The participants were evaluated on the internal and external visual imagery. Statistics was carried out following the method of interference based on the magnitude of the effects. Results showed a great effect of expertise in imagery ability. The comparison between federate and non-federate Boccia athletes showed a great effect in the Internal Visual subscale and a moderate effect in the External Visual subscale. It was also observed differences between athletes from different medical-sports groups, revealing that the requirements of the sport linked to their action abilities provides them with different Imagery abilities. These results clearly influence the prescription of imagery training programs for different groups taking into account different medical-practice groups.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Verbally Describing One’s Own Body Movement in Motor Skill Acquisition

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Tsubasa Kawasaki ◽  
Masashi Kono ◽  
Ryosuke Tozawa
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Motor Skill Acquisition ◽  
Motor Error ◽  
And Control

The present study examined whether (a) verbally describing one’s own body movement can be potentially effective for acquiring motor skills, and (b) if the effects are related to motor imagery. The participants in this study were 36 healthy young adults (21.2 ± 0.7 years), randomly assigned into two groups (describing and control). They performed a ball rotation activity, with the describing group being asked by the examiner to verbally describe their own ball rotation, while the control group was asked to read a magazine aloud. The participants’ ball rotation performances were measured before the intervention, then again immediately after, five minutes after, and one day after. In addition, participants’ motor imagery ability (mental chronometry) of their upper extremities was measured. The results showed that the number of successful ball rotations (motor smoothness) and the number of ball drops (motor error) significantly improved in the describing group. Moreover, improvement in motor skills had a significant correlation with motor imagery ability. This suggests that verbally describing an intervention is an effective tool for learning motor skills, and that motor imagery is a potential mechanism for such verbal descriptions.

Is Locomotor Distance Estimation Guided by Visual Imagery?

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-2) ◽  
pp. 1267-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Corlett ◽  
John Anton ◽  
Steve Kozub ◽  
Michel Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Distance Estimation ◽  
Target Distance ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Movement Imagery

70 subjects were tested for their visual subscale scores on the Movement Imagery Questionnaire and also for their ability to walk, without vision, to a previously viewed target location 9 m away. Imagery ability was hypothesized to correlate with accuracy of “blind” target-directed walking which the literature suggests, without empirical support, is imagery-dependent. No support for this hypothesis was found. Low, medium, and high imagers showed no differences in ability to reproduce target distance accurately or consistently by walking the estimated distance without further visual updating. The results call into question whether task performance is imagery-based or whether subjects use alternative strategies to approach the target.

Movement Imagery Ability: Development and Assessment of a Revised Version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Roberts ◽  
Nichola Callow ◽  
Lew Hardy ◽  
David Markland ◽  
Joy Bringer
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Movement Imagery ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Preliminary Support

The purpose of this research was to amend the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire (VMIQ; Isaac, Marks, & Russell, 1986) in line with contemporary imagery modality and perspective conceptualizations, and to test the validity of the amended questionnaire (i.e., the VMIQ-2). Study 1 had 351 athletes complete the 3-factor (internal visual imagery, external visual imagery, and kinesthetic imagery) 24-item VMIQ-2. Following single-factor confirmatory factor analyses and item deletion, a 12-item version was subject to correlated traits / correlated uniqueness (CTCU) analysis. An acceptable fit was revealed. Study 2 used a different sample of 355 athletes. The CTCU analysis confirmed the factorial validity of the 12-item VMIQ-2. In Study 3, the concurrent and construct validity of the VMIQ-2 was supported. Taken together, the results of the 3 studies provide preliminary support for the revised VMIQ-2 as a psychometrically valid questionnaire.

scholarly journals Further Validation and Development of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Williams ◽  
Jennifer Cumming ◽  
Nikos Ntoumanis ◽  
Sanna M. Nordin-Bates ◽  
Richard Ramsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Observational Learning ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Gender Invariance ◽  
Gender Study ◽  
Movement Imagery ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Method Effects ◽  
Best Fit

This research validated and extended the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised (MIQ-R; Hall & Martin, 1997). Study 1 (N = 400) examined the MIQ-R’s factor structure via multitrait-multimethod confirmatory factor analysis. The questionnaire was then modified in Study 2 (N = 370) to separately assess the ease of imaging external visual imagery and internal visual imagery, as well as kinesthetic imagery (termed the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3; MIQ-3). Both Studies 1 and 2 found that a correlated-traits correlated-uniqueness model provided the best fit to the data, while displaying gender invariance and no significant differences in latent mean scores across gender. Study 3 (N = 97) demonstrated the MIQ-3’s predictive validity revealing the relationships between imagery ability and observational learning use. Findings highlight the method effects that occur by assessing each type of imagery ability using the same four movements and demonstrate that better imagers report greater use of observational learning.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Formation of Sport Skill China Weightlifters Elite Group

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
V. G. Oleshko ◽  
◽  
Young TanSung ◽  
I. P. Vasilishyn ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Elite Group ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age Limits ◽  
And Control ◽  
Chinese Male

The paper considers the dynamics and pace of development of sportsmanship of China's strongest weightlifters of the elite group of different sexes by analyzing the age limits and characteristics of training at the main stages of long-term improvement. The age limits for the start of weightlifting classes for boys and girls in China, the age limits in which they became winners of the National Weightlifting Championships, the age limits for these athletes to be among the world leaders in weightlifting in their weight class, the age limits for achieving their best athletic performance in the training stages, and the age limits for ending their athletic careers. The terms of preservation of the highest achievements of Chinese weightlifters of different groups of weight categories and sex during their sports career are given. Results and discussion. The period of entry of Chinese male and female weightlifters into the group of world leaders after participating in national championships begins in men aged 22-23 (on average after 1-2 years), and among women aged 18-21, respectively (on average after 0.5-1 year). The age at which weightlifters of the elite group of different genders maintain high sports results and end their careers were studied. For men, it is in the groups of weight categories at 28-31 years, while for women, respectively, it is 2-3 years less, i.e. at 26-28 years, respectively. If we count the number of years during which weightlifters of different sexes of the elite group of China retain their athletic achievements, then they are: 17-18 years for men, and 15.5-16.5 years for women. The ratio of achievements in the snatch to the clean and jerk (within the amount of total) in weightlifters of the elite group of different groups of weight categories and sex is analyzed to determine the predominant focus of training at the stage of maximum realization of individual capabilities. It is established that the increase in competitive results of male weightlifters of the elite group of China is carried out mainly due to the growth of achievements in the exercise of speed snatch, and female weightlifters, respectively, due to the growth of achievements in strength training – the clean and jerk. The majority of China's elite male weightlifters (44.0%) reach the highest results for a sports career at the age of 20-23 years, and 35.0% of athletes reach them at the age of 24-27 years. The majority of elite athletes in China achieve the highest results at a younger age of 20-23 (60.0%) years, at the age of 16-19 years (27.0%). Conclusion. Different age limits and rates of development of sportsmanship in men and women of China's elite group involves the choice of different approaches to modeling and control of the main characteristics of training at the main stages of long-term improvement

Is Locomotor Distance Estimation Guided by Visual Imagery?

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1267-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Corlett ◽  
John Anton ◽  
Steve Kozub ◽  
Michel Tardif
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Distance Estimation ◽  
Target Distance ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Movement Imagery

70 subjects were tested for their visual subscale scores on the Movement Imagery Questionnaire and also for their ability to walk, without vision, to a previously viewed target location 9 m away. Imagery ability was hypothesized to correlate with accuracy of “blind” target-directed walking which the literature suggests, without empirical support, is imagery-dependent. No support for this hypothesis was found. Low, medium, and high imagers showed no differences in ability to reproduce target distance accurately or consistently by walking the estimated distance without further visual updating. The results call into question whether task performance is imagery-based or whether subjects use alternative strategies to approach the target.

An examination of imagery ability and imagery use in skilled golfers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John K. Parker ◽  
Geoff P. Lovell ◽  
Martin I. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Exercise Psychology ◽  
Movement Imagery ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives The use of imagery to improve golf performance is well established and recognised as a key psychological technique in developing and maintaining excellence. However, the relationship between a golfer’s imagery ability and their imagery use is still poorly understood. The current study examined differences in participants vividness of movement imagery and imagery use and the extent their vividness of movement imagery predicted functions of imagery use. Methods One hundred and one male skilled golfers (Mage=27.80, SD=11.03) with CONGU recognised handicaps ranging from plus 4 to 5 (Mhandicap=1.32, SD=2.74) completed both the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2 (Roberts, R., Callow, N., Hardy, L., Markland, D., & Bringer, J. (2008). Movement imagery ability: Development and assessment of a revised version of the vividness of movement imagery questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30(2), 200–221) and Sports Imagery Questionnaire (Hall, C. R., Mack, D. E., Paivio, A., & Hauesenblas, H. A. (1998). Imagery use by athletes: Development of the sport imagery questionnaire. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29, 73–89). Results The results demonstrated no significant differences between Internal and External visual imagery, however, Kinaesthetic imagery scores were significantly higher than External visual imagery scores. Significant differences in imagery use were recorded with participants reporting higher Cognitive specific imagery use scores compared to other functions of imagery use. Regression analyses indicted that golf handicap accounted for 12% in the variance of Cognitive specific imagery use with an additional 12% accounted for by Internal visual imagery and 7% Kinaesthetic imagery. For Cognitive general imagery use golf handicap accounted for 4% of the variance with Internal visual imagery adding a further 5% to the model. Conclusions Our findings highlight that vividness of movement imagery; specifically, Internal and Kinaesthetic imagery ability are significant predictors of skilled golfers Cognitive specific and Cognitive general imagery use.

Investigating the Predictors of Intrusive Visual Imagery in Elite Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Bierton ◽  
Adam Gorman ◽  
Michael Lloyd ◽  
Alexandra Gorman ◽  
John K Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Control ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Training Session ◽  
The Self ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
Negative Belief ◽  
Metacognitive Beliefs

Abstract The aims of this research were to determine if metacognitive beliefs predicted Intrusive Visual Imagery (IVI) in elite athletes, and if this was consistent across performance contexts. To address these aims, 110 elite cricket and AFL players completed the 30-item metacognitions questionnaire and intrusive visual imagery questionnaire before a training session and competitive match. Regression analyses indicated that the Negative Beliefs about the Uncontrollability of Thoughts and Their Danger metacognition and Need to Control Thoughts metacognition predicted IVI in both contexts. Findings were interpreted within the Self-Regulatory Executive Function model. It was suggested that extra attentional control is exerted to prevent the conscious experience of a negative belief, which prompts an image related to the belief being experienced, which is perceived as intrusive. Results also suggested that athletes are less likely to experience IVI before competing, possibly due to greater monitoring of thoughts. Implications for these findings are discussed.

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