scholarly journals Socioeconomic events linked with artisan activity in Mexico: a proposal for historical-geographical periodization

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Olga Correa Miranda ◽  
Enrique Propin Frejomil ◽  
Jesús Abraham Navarro Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Geographical Perspective ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Commercial Opportunity ◽  
The Way

En México, las investigaciones desde una perspectiva histórico-geográfica que hacen referencia a la economía artesanal y que contribuyen a potenciar y valorar a las artesanías en todas sus dimensiones, son escasas. En este sentido, la presente investigación, conforma una plataforma cognoscitiva que busca evidenciar acontecimientos temporales y territoriales relevantes que dieron pauta a la actual configuración territorial de la actividad artesanal del país, referentes que ponen a la luz los nichos de oportunidad productiva y comercial para generar desarrollo económico y social en pro de los artesanos. En un primer momento, se exponen las posturas metodológicas, base para la reconstrucción espacio-temporal; posteriormente, se efectúa la caracterización de este tipo de economía, mediante el reconocimiento de etapas geo-históricas que evidencian cambios en la forma de producción y comercialización así como de la manera de conceptualizar lo que son los objetos artesanales, principales problemáticas del sector y tipos de apoyo brindados por el Estado. In Mexico, the investigations from a historical-geographical perspective that make reference to the artisanal economy and that contribute to enhance and value crafts in all their dimensions, are scarce. In this sense, the present research forms a cognitive platform that seeks to highlight relevant temporal and territorial events that gave shape to the current territorial configuration of the artisanal activity of the country, references that bring to light the niches of productive and commercial opportunity to generate economic and social development in favor of artisans. At first, the methodological positions are exposed, the basis for the spatio - temporal reconstruction; Afterwards, the characterization of this type of economy is carried out, through the re cognition of stages that show changes in the way of production and commercialization as well as in the way of conceptualizing what artisan objects are, the main problems of the sector and types of support provided by the State.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal environmental characterization of the Pontal River Basin in the State of Pernambuco

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
Iug LOPES ◽  
Clovis Manoel Carvalho RAMOS ◽  
Brauliro Gonçalves LEAL ◽  
Douglas Alberto de Oliveira SILVA
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
The State ◽  
Thematic Mapper ◽  
Landsat Thematic Mapper ◽  
Environmental Characterization ◽  
Spatio Temporal

As zonas rurais e urbanas estão passando por transformações do uso do solo de forma significativa. Estas mudanças têm afetado o uso da terra, principalmente nas áreas marginas às urbanas. É ao longo destas áreas onde o processo de expansão urbana entra em conflito com o uso da terra para fins agrícolas. Um recurso inestimável neste contexto é o sensoriamento remoto, que aparece como uma ferramenta de avaliação dos processos de transformação territórial. Técnicas de observação de dados adquiridos por satélites em variação temporal e espacial possuem potencial de detectar, identificar e mapear as mudanças no uso da terra. O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar uma caracterização atual do uso da terra e análise espaço-temporal das modificações ao longo dos períodos de 2000 a 2010, 2010 a 2015 e 2000 a 2015, na Bacia do Rio Pontal, usando dados Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que na região estudada houve um crescimento considerável de área destinada à agricultura irrigada, redução das áreas de caatinga densa ou substituição da mesma por caatinga aberta e solo exposto e por fim se observou a redução dos corpos hídricos da região.

“I'd make thee eat the mischief thou hast vented”: Discourse of Law in Ben Jonson's Catiline His Conspiracy

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-45
Author(s):  
Akihiko Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Gunpowder Plot ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Legal Procedures ◽  
The Way

This essay explores the discourse of law that constitutes the controversial apprehension of Cicero's issuing of the ultimate decree of the Senate (senatus consultum ultimum) in Catiline. The play juxtaposes the struggle of Cicero, whose moral character and legitimacy are at stake in regards to the extra-legal uses of espionage, with the supposedly mischievous Catilinarians who appear to observe legal procedures more carefully throughout their plot. To mitigate this ambivalence, the play defends Cicero's actions by depicting the way in which Cicero establishes the rhetoric of public counsel to convince the citizens of his legitimacy in his unprecedented dealing with Catiline. To understand the contemporaneousness of Catiline, I will explore the way the play integrates the early modern discourses of counsel and the legal maxim of ‘better to suffer an inconvenience than mischief,’ suggesting Jonson's subtle sensibility towards King James's legal reformation which aimed to establish and deploy monarchical authority in the state of emergency (such as the Gunpowder Plot of 1605). The play's climactic trial scene highlights the display of the collected evidence, such as hand-written letters and the testimonies obtained through Cicero's spies, the Allbroges, as proof of Catiline's mischievous character. I argue that the tactical negotiating skills of the virtuous and vicious characters rely heavily on the effective use of rhetoric exemplified by both the political discourse of classical Rome and the legal discourse of Tudor and Jacobean England.

Историософия русского сознания в творческом консерватизме Л.А. Тихомирова. Об упущенных возможностях национально-государственного развития России в начале ХХ века

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 613-620
Author(s):  
Igor N. Tyapin
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian History ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Working Out

The author of the article uses the works of L.A. Tikhomirov as the basis when examining the problem of criticism of the conditions of the state and society in monarchic Russia during the last decade of its existence from the part of the conservative figures who not only advocated the necessity to preserve the autocracy but also substantially contributed to the working out of the main principles of Russian social development. In particular, the “creative conservators” managed to accomplish the deep philosophic conceptualization of Russian history while trying to find the previously lost ideal of social organization. Tikhomirov’s relevant concepts of the mutual conditionality of Russian national consciousness underdevelopment and state degradation, as well as of the necessity to realize the model of the moral state of justice on the basis of the national idea, were not accepted by the bureaucratic system that resulted before long in the collapse of Russian monarchic state.

Peculiarities of improving interbudgetary relations in conditions of authorities’ decentralization

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Zenoviy Siryk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
The State ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels

Ukraine is a unitary state, yet historically various regions, oblasts, districts, and local areas have different levels of economic development. To secure sustainable economic and social development and provide social services guaranteed by the state for each citizen according to the Constitution, the mechanism of redistribution between revenues and expenditures of oblasts, regions, and territories through the budgets of a higher level is used. The paper aims to research the peculiarities of improving interbudgetary relations in conditions of authorities’ decentralization. The paper defines the nature of interbudgetary relations. The basic and reverse subsidies to Ukraine and Lvivska oblast are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages the communities face at changing approaches to balancing local budgets are determined. Regulative documents that cover the interbudgetary relations in Ukraine are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the problem of local finances reforming, including the development of interbudgetary relations. The scheme of the economic interbudgetary relations system in Ukraine is developed. The ways to improve the system of interbudgetary relations in Ukraine are suggested. The negative and positive aspects, advantages, and disadvantages of the system of interbudgetary relations in Ukraine require the following improvements. 1. It is necessary to avoid the complete budget alignment in the process of budgets balancing by interbudgetary transfers as the major objective. 2. The interbudgetary transfers should be distributed based on a formal approach. 3. The changes have to be introduced to the calculation of medical and educational subsidies in terms of financial standard of budget provision to avoid the money deficit for coverage of necessary expenditures. 4. There is a need to improve interbudgetary relations at the levels of districts, villages, towns, and cities of district subordination. 5. Improvement of the mechanism of targeted benefits provision, their real evaluation, and control for the use of funds.

State youth policy and its role in social development

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
YURI V. BEREZUTSKIY ◽  
◽  
NIKOLAY M. BAYKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Far East ◽  
The State ◽  
Youth Policy ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Migratory Movements

The article presents the analysis of the state youth policy as an instrument of influence on the state and social development of youth, its social activity. The contradictions that exist between the performance indicators declared by the state policy and the real problems of youth, determined by the living conditions, are indicated. Based on the results of all-Russian and regional sociological studies and statistics, the motives of migratory movements of youth from their territories of residence to the centers of gravity of the country and foreign countries that have more attractive living and employment conditions for youth are justified. Using the example of the Russian Far East, the dysfunctional consequences of the clerical-bureaucratic approach laid down in the state youth policy to quantify the state of youth ignoring its large-scale migration outflow from the territories of residence are substantiated. Scientific and practical recommendations on improvement of indicators of the state youth policy promoting strengthening of its role in providing the basic needs of youth in various spheres of activity, especially in development of youth business are offered.

The Developmental Trading State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex J. Bellamy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
East Asia ◽  
National Economy ◽  
East Asian ◽  
The State ◽  
State Model ◽  
Principal Function ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
The Way

This chapter demonstrates that the downwards pressure that state consolidation placed on mass violence was amplified by the type of state that emerged. Across East Asia, governments came to define themselves as “developmental” or “trading” states whose principal purpose was to grow the national economy and thereby improve the economic wellbeing of their citizens. Governments with different ideologies came to embrace economic growth and growing the prosperity of their populations as the principal function of the state and its core source of legitimacy. Despite some significant glitches along the way the adoption of the developmental trading state model has proven successful. Not only have East Asian governments succeeded in lifting hundreds of millions of people out of poverty, the practices and policy orientations dictated by this model helped shift governments and societies away from belligerent practices towards postures that prioritized peace and stability. This reinforced the trend towards greater peacefulness.

Shakespeare Afoot

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kerrigan
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Richard Iii ◽  
Midsummer Night's Dream ◽  
As You Like It ◽  
A Midsummer Night's Dream ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

That Shakespeare adds a limp to the received characterization of Richard III is only the most conspicuous instance of his interest in how actors walked, ran, danced, and wandered. His attention to actors’ footwork, as an originating condition of performance, can be traced from Richard III through A Midsummer Night’s Dream and As You Like It into Macbeth, which is preoccupied with the topic and activity all the way to the protagonist’s melancholy conclusion that ‘Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player | That struts and frets his hour upon the stage’. Drawing on classical and early modern accounts of how people walk and should walk, on ideas about time and prosody, and the experience of disability, this chapter cites episodes in the history of performance to show how actors, including Alleyn, Garrick, and Olivier, have worked with the opportunities to dramatize footwork that are provided by Shakespeare’s plays.

The Trafficking Panic in Late Imperial Austria

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy M. Wingfield
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reform Organizations ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores a variety of issues central to the turn-of-the-century Austrian panic over trafficking. They include anti-Semitism, Jews as protagonists and victims, and mass migration in an urbanizing world, as well as why particular Austrian cities were associated with the trade in women. The chapter analyzes the government’s domestic and international efforts to combat trafficking, as well as the role bourgeois reform organizations played. It explores the relationship between the trafficker and the trafficked, arguing that these women and girls were not simply victims, but sometimes willing participants, or something in between, in order to sketch a more nuanced picture of turn-of-the-century “white slaving.” The term “trafficker” is employed to reflect the way sources (the state, journalists, reform groups) viewed the issue, not because it can be proved that the problem was as widespread as they claimed.

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