Macrophages and Iron: A Special Relationship

Macrophages perform a variety of different biological functions and are known for their essential role in the immune response. In this context, a principal function is phagocytic clearance of pathogens, apoptotic and senescent cells. However, the major targets of homeostatic phagocytosis by macrophages are old/damaged red blood cells. As such, macrophages play a crucial role in iron trafficking, as they recycle the large quantity of iron obtained by hemoglobin degradation. They also seem particularly adapted to handle and store amounts of iron that would be toxic to other cell types. Here, we examine the specific and peculiar iron metabolism of macrophages.

Automatic Number Plate Recognition System using Connected Component Analysis and Convolutional Neural Network

Technology is becoming constantly important for customers. Automatic number plate Recognition (ANPR) is a device which enables the identification of a number plate in real time. For an intelligent car service, ANPR helps to promote growth, customize the classic app and increase consumer and employee productivity. Within the specification, the principal function of ANPR lies of removing the characteristics from an illustration of a license plate. An application that enables customers to display automobile repairs through the license platform number only derived from a loaded picture is augmented by a smart car service. Technological progress is that, so it is thought that improvement is important in this region too, so the best choice for automotive services is a smart car company. This work proposed a methodology to detect the numbers from car license plate using convolutional neural network. In the preprocessing of photographs on license plates, the WLS and FFT filters were included. The images are then fed into the convolutional trainings neural network. On more plates and tests is reported during the testing. Therefore, the findings indicate that the proposed solution can be taken in less time from the license model to accurately identify the characters. The experimental result shows the significance of proposed research by achieving an accuracy of 98% for the localization and true recognition of license plates from the video frames.

When scale is surplus

We study a long-recognised but under-appreciated symmetry called dynamical similarity and illustrate its relevance to many important conceptual problems in fundamental physics. Dynamical similarities are general transformations of a system where the unit of Hamilton’s principal function is rescaled, and therefore represent a kind of dynamical scaling symmetry with formal properties that differ from many standard symmetries. To study this symmetry, we develop a general framework for symmetries that distinguishes the observable and surplus structures of a theory by using the minimal freely specifiable initial data for the theory that is necessary to achieve empirical adequacy. This framework is then applied to well-studied examples including Galilean invariance and the symmetries of the Kepler problem. We find that our framework gives a precise dynamical criterion for identifying the observables of those systems, and that those observables agree with epistemic expectations. We then apply our framework to dynamical similarity. First we give a general definition of dynamical similarity. Then we show, with the help of some previous results, how the dynamics of our observables leads to singularity resolution and the emergence of an arrow of time in cosmology.

Sustaining Competitive Advantage in Private Universities: A case study of Southern Region of Nigeria

A limited number of persons can afford the fees of private universities; hence, enrolment determines survival. The choice of those who can afford the fees depends on the institution's corporate reputation. In a service-providing organization, the development and sustenance of a strong brand is seen as the principal function of the Marketing and Corporate Affairs Unit.

Solution of the Hamilton – Jacobi Equation in a Central Potential Using the Separation of Variables Method with Staeckel Boundary Conditions

This manuscript aims at solving Hamilton-Jacobi equation in a central potential using the separation of variables technique with Staeckel boundary conditions. Our results show that the Hamilton – Jacobi variables can be completely separated, which agrees with other results employing different methods. Keywords: Lagrangian mechanics, Hamilton-Jacobi, Staeckel boundary conditions, Staeckel matrix, Staeckel vector, Hamilton's characteristic function, Hamilton's principal function.

Human Paraoxonase-2 (PON2): Protein Functions and Modulation

PON1, PON2, and PON3 belong to a family of lactone hydrolyzing enzymes endowed with various substrate specificities. Among PONs, PON2 shows the highest hydrolytic activity toward many acyl-homoserine lactones (acyl-HL) involved in bacterial quorum-sensing signaling. Accordingly, defense against pathogens, such as Brevundimonas aeruginosa (B. aeruginosa), was postulated to be the principal function of PON2. However, recent findings have highlighted the importance of PON2 in oxidative stress control, inhibition of apoptosis, and the progression of various types of malignancies. This review focuses on all of these aspects of PON2.

The functions of securities law: An expert survey of legislative intent in Poland

Under the conventional view, securities law is intended to protect ordinary (retail) investors. However, some scholars from the school of Law & Economics (L&E), guided by considerations of economic efficiency, claim instead that the principal function of securities law is to reduce transaction costs and risk to professionals. This paper examines those claims empirically. Our research design blends content analysis methods with expert survey techniques to arrive at numerical assessments of determinants of Polish securities law. We find that the L&E view is supported by our data very weakly, only insofar as consumer protection is not the main driver of securities law. The veracity of this claim appears to be time-dependent. We do not find sufficient support for the main components of the L&E view, i.e., that securities law is meant to reduce transaction costs and risk to professionals. However, our data does not refute the L&E hypotheses, and, therefore, we consider them to be an open question. We phrase our conclusions cautiously because of the relatively small number of experts surveyed and of statutory sources of securities law in Poland.

Transparently Hierarchical

The three scribes of a mid-seventeenth-century collection of medical recipes resemble each other in how they have punctuated the recipes, although they did not work simultaneously. They draw on similar repertoires of marks and they mark similar functions, but they do not use the same marks for the same functions. The principal function is the global one of indicating where the constitutive elements of the recipes begin and end. This function of indicating a text’s structural hierarchy goes back centuries and can seem old-fashioned for an Early Modern English manuscript produced when grammarians had started to discuss whether punctuation should mark syntactic units. A key observation is that recipes stand out among text-types by having a fixed, transparently hierarchical structure. This feature of them facilitates the researcher’s appreciation of how the punctuation functions and dismisses any impression of the scribes having deployed the marks haphazardly.

Principal Postulates of Centrosomal Biology. Version 2020

The centrosome, which consists of two centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material, is a unique structure that has retained its main features in organisms of various taxonomic groups from unicellular algae to mammals over one billion years of evolution. In addition to the most noticeable function of organizing the microtubule system in mitosis and interphase, the centrosome performs many other cell functions. In particular, centrioles are the basis for the formation of sensitive primary cilia and motile cilia and flagella. Another principal function of centrosomes is the concentration in one place of regulatory proteins responsible for the cell’s progression along the cell cycle. Despite the existing exceptions, the functioning of the centrosome is subject to general principles, which are discussed in this review.

Mahmoud Darwish and Tanure Ojaide

Darwish, the spokesman of Palestine, and Ojaide, the voice of Nigeria, are endowed with a faculty for articulating a message, a vision or an opinion for their nations. They are intellectuals essentially tied to the needs of their communities. Both poets belong to countries that witnessed different types of political, economic, and social turmoil. They inspire the oppressed nations to persist in their struggles against the regimes which deprive them of their right to live happily and peacefully. Darwish experienced many displacements that turned him into an embodiment of exile, in both existential and metaphysical terms, beyond the external, and the metaphorical, in his interior relations with self and poetry. His poetry of exile mirrors the socio-political atmosphere under the Israeli occupation. He utilizes poetry as a weapon in his fight to achieve freedom and independence. Similarly, Ojaide’s poetry is engaged with the crises of his homeland, the Niger Delta. He belongs to the generation of Nigerian writers who used their literary productions as a weapon against social injustice and an instrument in resisting imperialism. To him, there is a direct relationship between literature and social institutions. The principal function of literature is to criticize these institutions and eventually bring about desirable changes in society. This study aims at examining Darwish and Ojaide as poets of exile by observing their exilic experiences and investigating certain poems that typically help dive into their external and internal sense of displacement. The study also highlights the concepts of home and homelessness. It brings to light the poets’ deep yearning for a sense of belonging and their insistence on regaining the motherland toward which they show a profound attachment and permanent commitment. They use words as a therapeutic means to compensate for the lack of a physical homeland. A comparison between the two poets is also provided.