scholarly journals Counseling for Smoking Cessation at the Annual Health Examination-Population Approach and High Risk Approach-

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 498-500
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko HIROBE
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Population Approach ◽  
Risk Approach

scholarly journals The role of the high-risk approach in suicide prevention

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Pitman ◽  
Eric Caine
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Population Approach ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Risk Approach ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Recent Evaluation

SummaryEvidence favours the population approach over high-risk approaches to suicide prevention, but methodological problems may have obscured the contribution of the latter. This editorial uses the findings of a recent evaluation of a high-risk approach used in England to consider the role of high-risk interventions in national suicide prevention strategies.

To prevent hemo-dialysis therapy due to diabetic nephropathy. High-risk approach or population approach? From doctors’ association’s point of view

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. S132-S133
Author(s):  
Hitomi Fujii ◽  
Nozomi Akashi ◽  
Makoto Kuroishikawa ◽  
Eitaro Kodani ◽  
Hajime Sasabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Population Approach ◽  
Dialysis Therapy ◽  
Risk Approach

HYPERTENSION – A PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adia Pilav ◽  
Emira Tanović-Mikulec ◽  
Suada Branković ◽  
Vedran Đido
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Population Approach ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
High Prevalence

Aim. The aim of this paper is to present public health importance of hypertension in population as one of the major CVD risk factor as well as a model of integrated approach to hypertension control at community level. Background. In spite of wide knowledge of pathophysiology and epidemiology in development of hypertension, ability to easily diagnose it, availability of efficient medications, hypertension continues to have high prevalence and setting up hypertension controls poses significant public health challenge. High prevalence of hypertension exists in all countries of the world, regardless of socioeconomic status of the country. It is estimated that the number of people with hypertension by 2025 will rise by 15-20%, and the number of sick people will increase up to 1.5 billion people worldwide. Methods. A review of the relevant literature which discusses the importance of defining clear strategies and interventions in the control of hypertension in countries, with particular emphasis on integrated hypertension management that has the greatest impact. Discussion. Effective and efficient hypertension control requires two approaches: population approach and individual approach to high-risk individuals. The balanced combination of population approach and an approach to access high-risk individuals is vital for the effective control of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions. Health systems in every country must be flexible and ready to provide adequate model of integrated approach to hypertension control at community level understanding their own local needs.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk prediction in India: Comparison of the original and recalibrated Framingham prognostic models in urban populations.

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priti Gupta ◽  
David Prieto-Merino ◽  
Vamadevan S. Ajay ◽  
Kalpana Singh ◽  
Ambuj Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Resource Setting ◽  
Risk Approach ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in India. The CVD risk approach is a cost-effective way to identify those at high risk, especially in a low resource setting. As there is no validated prognostic model for an Indian urban population, we have re-calibrated the original Framingham model using data from two urban Indian studies. Methods: We have estimated three risk score equations using three different models. The first model was based on Framingham original model; the second and third are the recalibrated models using risk factor prevalence from CARRS (Centre for cArdiometabolic Risk Reduction in South-Asia) and ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research) studies, and estimated survival from WHO 2012 data for India. We applied these three risk scores to the CARRS and ICMR participants and estimated the proportion of those at high-risk (>30% 10 years CVD risk) who would be eligible to receive preventive treatment such as statins. Results: In the CARRS study, the proportion of men with 10 years CVD risk > 30% (and therefore eligible for statin treatment) was 13.3%, 21%, and 13.6% using Framingham, CARRS and ICMR risk models, respectively. The corresponding proportions of women were 3.5%, 16.4%, and 11.6%. In the ICMR study the corresponding proportions of men were 16.3%, 24.2%, and 16.5% and for women, these were 5.6%, 20.5%, and 15.3%. Conclusion: Although the recalibrated model based on local population can improve the validity of CVD risk scores our study exemplifies the variation between recalibrated models using different data from the same country. Considering the growing burden of cardiovascular diseases in India, and the impact that the risk approach has on influencing cardiovascular prevention treatment, such as statins, it is essential to develop high quality and well powered local cohorts (with outcome data) to develop local prognostic models.

scholarly journals Comparison of two caries prevention programs among Thai kindergarten: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pagaporn Pantuwadee Pisarnturakit ◽  
Palinee Detsomboonrat
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Permanent Molar ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Caries Increment ◽  
Risk Approach ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

Abstract Background: Intensified preventive regimen based on a ‘high-risk’ approach has been proposed instead the routine prevention that is generally given to the whole population. The effectiveness of these regimens may still be an issue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare two preventive programs carried out in a Public School for kindergarten children. Methods: The data from clinical examinations were used to assess the caries risk for 121 children. Children with at least 2 carious lesions were considered as high risk for dental caries development. These children were randomized into two groups. Half (High risk basic-HRB group) were provided the basic prevention regimen (oral-hygiene instruction and hands-on brushing practice for teachers and caregivers, daytime tooth brushing supervised by teachers at least once a week, newly erupted first permanent molar sealant, provision of toothbrush, fluoride-containing dentifrice, and a guidebook), which was also given to low-risk children (Low risk basic-LRB group). The other half (High risk intensive-HRI group) were additionally given an intensified preventive regimen (F-varnish application, primary molar sealant, and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) application on carious lesions). Clinical examinations were performed semiannually to determine the dmfs caries increment of the three groups. Results: The 89 children completed the 24-month examination were 3- to 5-year-old with 19, 35, and 35 children in the LRB, HRB, and HRI group, respectively. The new caries development at 24 months of the HRB group (75%) was higher than that of the HRI group (65.7%) and the LRB group (21.1%). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated no significant differences of caries increment between the HRB and HRI groups at the end of our study ( p =0.709). Conclusions: The negligible difference in caries increment between the HRI and HRB groups implies that intensified prevention produced minimal additional benefit. Offering all children only basic prevention could have obtained virtually the same preventive effect with substantially less effort and lower cost. Trial registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR), TCTR20180124001. Registered 24 January 2018 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/TCTR20180124001.

scholarly journals Influence of smoking cessation drugs on blood pressure and heart rate in patients with cardiovascular disease or high risk score: real life setting

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pacheco Silva ◽  
Jaqueline Scholz ◽  
Tania Ogawa Abe ◽  
Gabriela Gouveia Pinheiro ◽  
Patricia Viviane Gaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Real Life Setting

scholarly journals Predicting Hepatitis B Virus Infection Based on Health Examination Data of Community Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Zhicheng Du ◽  
Wayne R. Lawrence ◽  
Yun Huang ◽  
Yu Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Extreme Gradient Boosting ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Positive Rate

Despite a decline in the prevalence of hepatitis B in China, the disease burden remains high. Large populations unaware of infection risk often fail to meet the ideal treatment window, resulting in poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate models identifying high-risk populations who should be tested for hepatitis B surface antigen. Data came from a large community-based health screening, including 97,173 individuals, with an average age of 54.94. A total of 33 indicators were collected as model predictors, including demographic characteristics, routine blood indicators, and liver function. Borderline-Synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) was conducted to preprocess the data and then four predictive models, namely, the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), and logistic regression (LR) algorithms, were developed. The positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 8.27%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for XGBoost, RF, DT, and LR models were 0.779, 0.752, 0.619, and 0.742, respectively. The Borderline-SMOTE XGBoost combined model outperformed the other models, which correctly predicted 13,637/19,435 cases (sensitivity 70.8%, specificity 70.1%), and the variable importance plot of XGBoost model indicated that age was of high importance. The prediction model can be used to accurately identify populations at high risk of hepatitis B infection that should adopt timely appropriate medical treatment measures.

Cardiovascular prevention in the Hartslag Limburg project: Effects of a high-risk approach on behavioral risk factors in a general practice population

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 372-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke Harting ◽  
Patricia van Assema ◽  
Patrick van Limpt ◽  
Ton Gorgels ◽  
Jan van Ree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Practice ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Practice Population ◽  
Risk Approach
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