scholarly journals On the Application of Zone Flooding in a Traffic Warning System

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (573) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Michael Kristensen ◽  
Kenneth-Daniel Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
State Information ◽  
The Road ◽  
System A ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Bounded Area

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: x-small;"><p>The LIWAS Traffic Warning System aims at providing early warning to vehicles about slippery conditions on the road. The LIWAS system is currently under development and consists of two main parts: sensors for measuring and classifying the state of the road, and a communication infrastructure for distributing road-state information to vehicles. This paper concentrates on the communication infrastructure, and considers the application of zone flooding for implementing the distribution of road-state information. Zone flooding combines flooding and geocasting to distribute road-state information in a geographically bounded area. To evaluate the applicability of zone flooding in the LIWAS system, a simulation model has been created using the Network Simulator 2. The simulation model captures a representative road-scenario and has been used to evaluate several flooding protocols when used to implement zone flooding. The primary evaluationcriteria are the load on the network and the capability to warn other vehicles in time.</p></span></span>

scholarly journals Empirical Analysis of Safe Distance Calculation by the Stereoscopic Capturing and Processing of Images Through the Tailigator System

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 5044
Author(s):  
Gerd Christian Krizek ◽  
Rene Hausleitner ◽  
Laura Böhme ◽  
Cristina Olaverri-Monreal
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Collision Warning ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cost System ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Real Value ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Forward Collision Warning

Driver disregard for the minimum safety distance increases the probability of rear-end collisions. In order to contribute to active safety on the road, we propose in this work a low-cost Forward Collision Warning system that captures and processes images. Using cameras located in the rear section of a leading vehicle, this system serves the purpose of discouraging tailgating behavior from the vehicle driving behind. We perform in this paper the pertinent field tests to assess system performance, focusing on the calculated distance from the processing of images and the error margins in a straight line, as well as in a curve. Based on the evaluation results, the current version of the Tailigator can be used at speeds up to 50 km per hour without any restrictions. The measurements showed similar characteristics both on the straight line and in the curve. At close distances, between 3 and 5 m, the values deviated from the real value. At average distances, around 10 to 15 m, the Tailigator achieved the best results. From distances higher than 20 m, the deviations increased steadily with the distance. We contribute to the state of the art with an innovative low-cost system to identify tailgating behavior and raise awareness, which works independently of the rear vehicle’s communication capabilities or equipment.

scholarly journals A Link Distribution Algorithm with Efficient Relay Node Optimization for Congestion Control in Urban Vanets

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 592-596
Keyword(s):  
Local Density ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Relay Node ◽  
Link Failure ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Link Distribution ◽  
High Congestion

This research work develops a new algorithm i.e. Link distribution algorithm and efficient link distribution algorithm. A Link distribution algorithm is the distribution of the link to the nodes so that communication between the nodes takes place in case of any link failure whereas efficient link distribution algorithm is distribution of the packets to the nodes which has high transmission power. The technique used in Link distribution algorithm (LDA) is link establishment whenever there is any link failure happen we apply this concept which is LDA whereas the technique used in efficient link distribution algorithm (ELDA) is relay node selection the relay node is selected based upon the received signal strength ratio (RSSI) value and which node is having high RSSI value that node we allocate the link. The above algorithms can be applied wherever there is high congestion on the road due to the high congestion link failure will happen and due to the link failure emergency event occurs. Results of model achieved in a realistic state of affairs validate our theoretical deliberation and confirm the efficiency and the efficacy of our protocol by screening significant expansion in terms of busy ratio, collision rate, deviation, local density and transmission power compared to previous scheme ETSI DCC. The work has been successfully done with the help open source network simulator NS3.

Implementation of Lane Departure Warning System Based on Machine Vision

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 2075-2079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Shing Sheu ◽  
Hao Chu ◽  
Chun Chi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Lane Departure Warning ◽  
The Road ◽  
Lane Departure ◽  
Moving Direction ◽  
On The Road

Purpose of this paper raise a vehicle lane departure warning system based on the machine vision. It does not need to use the parameters of the camera which do the road marking recognition system installed in the interior of the camera by algorithms. Regarding the time line of the intelligent transport system, it is to solve the various problems possibly arising from driving on the road. This system is mainly for the warning of the unexpected departure of vehicle. The method is to use the digital camera to capture continuous images and identify the vehicle moving direction by the detection of the left and right markings, as well as forecast the driving direction of the vehicle for the reference of vehicle departure warning. In this paper, the used algorithms include brightness adjustment, binarization, dilation, erosion, and edge detection image processing techniques.

scholarly journals Warning System Using Multicast Transmission for Pedestrian and Pedal-Cyclist Safety Against the Electric-Powered Driving Means in CVCN Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.33) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Bachyun Kim ◽  
Yoseop Woo ◽  
Iksoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Multicast Transmission ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle Communication ◽  
Safety Warning ◽  
On The Road

This paper deals with a warning system for the safety of pedestrians/pedal-cyclists against electric-powered driving means including hybrid/PHEV/EV/FCEV and electric wheel on minor roads. These roads are a subset of connected-vehicle communication network(CVCN). The fatalities of pedestrians/pedal-cyclists declined recently compared to the early 2000s, but fatality rate of vehicle accidents is increasing. Clearly, this phenomenon will continue because of the increasing number of virtually silent hybrid/PHEV/EV/FCEV and electric wheels on the road.The hybrid/PHEV/EV/FCEV such as green electric-powered ones that can reduce environmental pollution are much more dangerous than traditional vehicles to pedestrians/pedal-cyclists on minor roads. The main risk factor of the electric-powered vehicles is that they are very quiet on the road because of the use of electric motor instead of engine. Thus, the safety warning system that can notify pedestrians/pedal-cyclists the dangerous approaches of vehicles from their behind have to be provided on minor roads.The proposed framework for safety warning system using multicast informs pedestrians/pedal-cyclists through smartphone when electric powered driving means are closing from their behind on minor roads. This is a new technology that uses vibration or sound of smartphone instead of artificial noise generation which is equipped to the electric powered driving means recently.  

scholarly journals A NOVEL APPROACH TO CAMERA CALIBRATION METHOD FOR SMART PHONES UNDER ROAD ENVIRONMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Bijun Lee ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Maosheng Ye ◽  
Yuan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Camera Calibration ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
On The Road

Monocular vision-based lane departure warning system has been increasingly used in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). By the use of the lane mark detection and identification, we proposed an automatic and efficient camera calibration method for smart phones. At first, we can detect the lane marker feature in a perspective space and calculate edges of lane markers in image sequences. Second, because of the width of lane marker and road lane is fixed under the standard structural road environment, we can automatically build a transformation matrix between perspective space and 3D space and get a local map in vehicle coordinate system. In order to verify the validity of this method, we installed a smart phone in the ‘Tuzhi’ self-driving car of Wuhan University and recorded more than 100km image data on the road in Wuhan. According to the result, we can calculate the positions of lane markers which are accurate enough for the self-driving car to run smoothly on the road.

scholarly journals The Attendance Boost Is Over-Rated For Interleague Baseball, And The Big Mac Attack Is A Hit On The Road: All This And More From The Within-Season Demand Model For Major League Baseball

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Bruggink ◽  
Colin Roosma
Keyword(s):  
Major League Baseball ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Traditional Theory ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Sports Industry ◽  
The Road ◽  
Major League ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
On The Road

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; mso-pagination: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: x-small;">The theory of microeconomic demand is seldom estimated with a rich set of data, yet there is no shortage of statistics in professional sports.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Using the sports industry enables economists to extend traditional theory of demand to include products that change daily (the visiting team) as well as the circumstances of their consumption (e.g., the day of the week).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>In fact the home games of professional sports are never identical from one game to the next.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>This variation allows one to estimate the quantity response to each of a multitude of factors.</span></p>

scholarly journals Markov Chain Monte Carlo Simulation Model for Risk Assessment the Power Systems for Electromobility Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Janusz Szpytko ◽  
Yorlandys Salgado Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Charging Stations

AbstractA simulation model to evaluate risks in Power Systems including green energy sources to generate electricity for electro mobility use is presented in the paper. The model allows to calculate risk indicator that characterize the performance of the Power Systems. The model considers the additional risks of wind and solar variability in the Power Systems, through wind farms and PV farms, respectively. Also, in the recent years, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) on the road have been rapidly increasing. Charging this increasing number of EVs is expected to have an impact on the power grid especially if high charging powers and opportunistic charging are used. Multiple papers have observed that the charging stations are used by multiple users during the day. In a context where electric mobility is gaining increasing importance as a more sustainable solution for urban environments, this work presents the optimization of charging profiles of the potential users of these charging stations. We analyzed the charging profiles in a power grid with renewables sources of energy and we determine the optimal charging profiles for the power grid based on maximizing the energy delivered by renewable sources of energy.

An Efficient Data Dissemination Scheme for Warning Messages in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2013 ◽  
pp. 308-327
Author(s):  
Muhammad A. Javed ◽  
Jamil Y. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
The Road ◽  
Warning Messages ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are expected to be used for the dissemination of emergency warning messages on the roads. The emergency warning messages such as post crash warning notification would require an efficient multi hop broadcast scheme to notify all the vehicles within a particular area about the emergency. Such emergency warning applications have low delay and transmission overhead requirements to effectively transmit the emergency notification. In this paper, an adaptive distance based backoff scheme is presented for efficient dissemination of warning messages on the road. The proposed scheme adaptively selects the furthest vehicle as the next forwarder of the emergency message based on channel conditions. The detailed performance figures of the protocol are presented in the paper using simulations in the OPNET network simulator. The proposed protocol introduces lower packet delay and broadcast overhead as compared to standard packet broadcasting protocols for vehicular networks.

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