scholarly journals Opposition ved forsvarshandlingen af Bent Christensens disputats: Omkring Grundtvigs Vidskab

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Theodor Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Christian Life ◽  
Cognitive Aspect ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The People ◽  
Christian Culture ◽  
Theories Of Science

From the Public Defence of Bent Christensen’s Dissertation for the Doctorate, »About Grundtvig ’s Vidskab«By Theodor JørgensenBy way of introduction, the thesis of the dissertation is briefly presented, viz. that, according to Grundtvig, the commitment to life inherent in the Christian faith has a cognitive aspect which he develops in a universal-historical vidskab view, but which he later abandons - if not in principle, at least in reality - in favour of a concentration on his church programme on one hand and his programme for the enlightenment of the people on the other. According to Bent Christensen, the reason was of an apologetic and strategic character in that Grundtvig wanted to overcome the isolation in which he found himself in his relations with his age in his first long phase of work.This thesis is partially contested in the article. As an objective reason for this development it is pointed out that Grundtvig recognized the unattainableness of a united Christian culture and prepared himself for the pluralism of modernity. This rendered it necessary to seek out the possibility for interaction between people with different opinions in essential areas of popular life as well as Christian life. This is why the idea of freedom plays an increasingly important role for Grundtvig. His thinking moves more and more in an elliptic direction with the universal and the local or particular as the two focal points. It is true that the two focal points are sometimes brought into relation with each other by means of the notion of the Chosen People, in which there is an inherent danger of an ethnocentric nationalism which Grundtvig does not always escape. The article further points to the necessity of a study of Grundtvig’s attitude to the theories of science of his age. An immanent interpretation such as that presented in Bent Christensen’s dissertation is not sufficient.

Eliza Cook, New Media Innovator

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-96
Author(s):  
Alexis Easley
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
New Media ◽  
Literary History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Gradual Disappearance ◽  
The One

This chapter provides an in-depth examination of the career Eliza Cook. After publishing her first book, Lays of a Wild Harp, Cook submitted verse to the Weekly Dispatch and soon thereafter became its house poet. By 1847, Cook was serving as editor of the paper’s ‘facts and scraps’ column, a position that enabled her to hone her editorial skills and publish the work of fellow women writers. Cook’s masculine appearance violated the poetess norm of the period, as did her romantic partnership with American actress Charlotte Cushman, but this seemed only to enhance her image as an eccentric yet accessible poet of the people. In 1849, she parlayed this fame into the founding of her own Eliza Cook’s Journal, which initially surpassed Dickens’s Household Words in popularity. Yet as the 1840s gave way to the more conservative 1850s, Cook was frequently the target of gender-trolling attacks in the popular press, which defined her as a sexual deviant on the one hand and a second-rate poet on the other. This notoriety may have been one factor that forced her to retreat from the public eye in 1852—a move that initiated her gradual disappearance from literary history.

The Age of Enlightenment and Education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlota Boto
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Social Life ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Free Access ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The People ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
State Guard

The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that took place in Europe in the 18th century, whose main characteristic was criticism. For the Enlightenment theorists, it was assumed that the idea of reason should be the basis of all actions taken in every sphere of social life. The aim of the present study is to investigate the entanglement between Enlightenment and education. In order to do so, we first resort to Kant’s thought. Kant characterizes the Enlightenment as man’s emergence from his own immaturity, defining immaturity as the inability to use one’s own understanding. One can say that the Enlightenment has an intrinsic pedagogical dimension. The enterprise of Diderot’s Encyclopedia consisted of a project that could be regarded as pedagogical, since it aimed at spreading the new breakthroughs of knowledge in all fields to an increasing number of people. The belief of the Enlightenment was that progress in science and technology did not only depend on advances in accumulated knowledge. The achievements of science would also—beyond the new discoveries in the various fields of knowledge—be furthered through the irradiation of that knowledge. The expansion of access to the achievements of science for an increasing number of people was one of the main objectives of the Enlightenment theorists, and particularly of the Encyclopedia. It should be noted that these pedagogical projects were based on the thesis that the schooling of society was a strategy with which to secure and consolidate the path of reason, and to protect it against dogmas and prejudices against it. For this reason, the Enlightenment consisted of organization of the intellectual world, whereby the activity of thought effectively became a struggle in favor of freedom of reasoning and freedom of belief. In the Enlightenment ideas of education as set out in Diderot’s Plan of a University or of a Public Education in All Sciences, written while he was under state guard, one can see how the idea of instruction is linked to the concept of civilization. It was believed that, through education, the nation could be enlightened, and the people would also be better prepared to live as good citizens. In addition, it was believed that school education would give people the opportunity to develop the talents nature had endowed them with. The idea was that allowing everyone to have free access to the instruments of rationality and freedom of judgment would bring about the possibility of a fairer, more egalitarian society in which distinctions between its citizens were based on merit rather than inequalities of fortune. Finally, Condorcet’s proposal for the organization of the public education undoubtedly constitutes the matrix of our contemporary idea of the state school. To develop reason presupposes, from the point of view of the Enlightenment, using the instruments of that reason so it can be expressed. This implied the formation of public opinion, which was, per se, a pedagogical task. Also, and most importantly, this implied the necessity of the creation of schools.

scholarly journals Persepsi Para Mubaligh Terhadap Wacana Kontroversi Standardisasi Khatib dan Sertifikasi Mubaligh

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-249
Author(s):  
Arsam Arsam
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The People ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
And Behavior

Today, there is a discourse of controversy that disturbs society, especially the muballigh and khatib related to the discourse of standardization of preachers and muballigh certification. Controversy on the discourse of standardization of preachers and certification of muballigh occurred between the government and some circles including the leaders and the mosque or mosque official. On the one hand, the government states that certification of muballigh and standardization of khatib is very necessary and important to do. While on the other hand a number of figures refuse the certification of muballigh and standardization of preacher. From the above background can be formulated “How is the perception of the Muballigh in Banyumas against the controversy of khatib standardization and certification of muballigh? “How are the hopes of the muballigh in Banyumas related to the controversy of khatib standardization and muballigh certification? The type of research used in this study is a qualitative research that is a research procedure that produces deksriptif data in the form of written or oral words of the people and behavior that can be observed. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The method of data analysis used in this study is the method of data analysis by Mile and Huberman. The results of this study include: a) Views that support adanyba khatib standardization and certification of preachers with records starting with the training and get a salary from the government. b). Views that reject the standardization of preachers and certification preachers. Both terms are deemed inaccurate and more precisely is the formation of forums silaturrahim between preachers and preachers in which is filled with sharing sharing about the problems of preachers and the public. c). Alternative view is to provide a new alternative by empowering the existing religious counselors within the ministry of religion to accompany the preachers or form forum silaturrohim between preachers and preachers. While the expectations of the preachers to the controversy of standardization of preachers and certification of preachers are as follows: a). For preachers to improve their competence so that the goal to give the enlightenment of reason and conscience can be realized. b). For preachers in lectures not to vilify other groups, enlarge khilafiyah and not anti Pancasila and constitution 45.

scholarly journals Authorization of attributes; its origin and factors of survival and extension: التفويض في الصفات؛ نشأته وعوامل بقائه وامتداده

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaya Mohamed Attia
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Attributes Of God ◽  
Definition Of

The study aimed to clarify the issue of delegation in names and attributes and its origin and the reasons for its extension. The study followed the descriptive, analytical, analytical approach to written documents, which includes a total of sayings of Islamic scholars in the past and present, and the research may be from an introduction, two chapters and a conclusion; And in it two topics; the first: the definition of the mandate language and terminology, while the second: the origin and development of the mandate, and the second chapter included the causes and factors of extension until the present era, and the results revealed the following: - The truth of the delegation: It is a negation of the attributes of God Almighty, and it is contrary to the method of the companions and the predecessor of the nation, where they believed in the qualities abstract from the meanings, until they became the matter to disable these attributes, as they disrupted the texts in which the attributes were mentioned, because they became the result of saying texts meaningless , And nobody understands it from creation. Several factors have helped to perpetuate the doctrine of authorization. Including: the extension of the Ash'ari school of thought, whose authorization is one of its ways with the other way of interpretation, and their apprehension to the public that the mandate is the doctrine of the predecessor, in addition to the occurrence of some imams and the people of hadith in saying authorization, which contributed to the consolidation of the doctrine of authorization, and its survival in their books that contemporaries still infer Out on his health. Based on the results, a number of recommendations and proposals aimed at correcting the belief and showing the error of violators were presented.

scholarly journals THE EXISTENCE OF THE VOLUNTEERS OF THE INDONESIAN HUMANITARIAN COMMITTEE IN DELIVERING INFORMATION ON PREVENTION AND HANDLING COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Andre Avila ◽  
Rita Herlina
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Communication ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Qualitative Data Collection

The existence of volunteers helping the government convey appropriate information to the public either through social media or plunging directly into the field of conducting public communication is the background of this research, with the theme of the Existence of the Volunteers of the Indonesian Humanitarian Committee in Delivering Information on Prevention and Handling Covid-19. This study aims to describe the motivation of volunteers, volunteer activities in the field and forms of volunteer messages on social media. The methodology of this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques are by interview and document analysis. The results of this study indicate the existence of Indonesian Humanitarian Committee volunteers as the frontline in conveying information on prevention and handling of Covid-19 to the people of South Tangerang, motivated by caring for others as an effort to remind the importance of prevention and handling of Covid 19, in volunteer activities in the field, namely distributing flyers about prevention and handling of Covid-19 through food and food distribution programs, while the form of messages on social media about prevention and handling of Covid-19 is mostly done through Facebook, Instagram, website media, with various messages in the form of articles, photos, status, and messages the other.

scholarly journals Refugees as scapegoat for terrorism

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimet Özbek
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The Status ◽  
Muslim Majority

In the last five years, there has been a growing concern about the fact that there might be some terrorist mix in the surge of refugees fleeing war-torn Muslim-majority countries. The concern resulted in people rethinking about refugees are granted asylums. Some Europeans call for their governments to quit bringing to their countries any more refugees at all. This however goes against what these countries agreed and signed in the 1951 Convention and the 1967 United Nations Protocol concerning the status of refugees. In this article, it will be examined if it is true that migrants bring terrorists with them, how this proposition itself came to be, and whether or not there are rock solid data to support it. As it will be discovered in the following paragraphs, there is no direct correlation between refugees and terrorist activities that take place in different places which happen to be hosting refugees. Instead, the idea security threat in refugee host countries and migrants they accommodate roots from attitude the people in those countries have towards migrants, demographic differences as well as real world issues. The solution to this misconception requires both refugees and receiving nations to collaborate; such as the refugees helping authorities to identify any terrorist recruiter who may be lurking among them and on the other hand the authorities should devise a seamless system of border control in order to know who enters their countries and who leaves. They can also engage in activities helping the public to distinguish between terrorists and migrants by raising awareness.

scholarly journals The Mutual Rights and Duties of the Public and the Sovereignty in the Teachings of Nahj Al-balagha

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Hamed Purrostami
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Fair Distribution ◽  
The Right

Mutual duties and rights between people and sovereignty is one of the strategic and significant issues in the contemporary world. In the Islamic teachings especially Nahjulbalaghah it is not that the right is allocated to the ruler and government and on the other hand people only have duties and responsibilities. Rather the ruler has the significant duties even if he would be innocent. Among the strategic tasks of the ruler and leader are: Benevolence, Fair distribution of wealth and management of education system. These duties are, at the same time, the rights of the people and the ruler. On the other hand, people have duties in front of the Islamic ruler. In other words, these duties are rights of Religious Governance including loyalty to sovereignty, Support and response to demands of authority and etc. It is worthy to mention, the main aim of these rights and duties has been devised to provide the felicitous life for people in the world and hereafter.

The Global in the Life of a Small Town: the Case of Udine

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Alberto Ganis
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Small Town ◽  
The Other ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
The People ◽  
Daily Interactions

Abstract This exploratory study examines how inhabitants of the Italian town of Udine make sense of the global through their daily interactions with their city, and the preexisting discourses they use to talk about it. The respondents discuss the global, mainly borrowing from nationalistic discourses, which connect to two focal points that seem to lead the understanding of the global: difference in the culture, represented by the people and the food, and capitalism represented by the commercial centers. Ultimately, the research notes that the comprehension of globalization stems from the normality or exceptionality of the “other” in relation to its sociocultural and urban context.

scholarly journals Debatterende eller besluttende offentlighed? - Om demokrati, offentlighed og den konstituerende magt hos Carl Schmitt og Hannah Arendt

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Benjamin Ask Popp-Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carl Schmitt ◽  
Constituent Power ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The One ◽  
Hierarchical Relation

The article investigates Carl Schmitt and Hannah Arendt’s theory of the constituent power. By comparing Schmitt and Arendt’s notions of democracy, the people and the public sphere, the article seeks to establish an alternative to deliberative democracy’s conceptualisation of the relation between democracy and the public sphere. By pointing to the differences between the debating and legitimating public sphere inherent in deliberative democracy on the one hand and the lawgiving and constituting public sphere in the works of Schmitt and Arendt on the other, the article investigates Schmitt’s notion of plebiscitary democracy and Arendt’s idea of a federal republic of councils. These political modes of organizations attempt to overcome the hierarchical relation between representatives and represented and seek to envision the people as able, when gathered together in public, to give laws themselves, and not only play the role as electors or debaters.

scholarly journals WAJAH GANDA AGAMA: INTEGRASI, KONFLIK DAN REKONSILIASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tedi Kholiludin
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The One ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Religious Understanding

AbstrakAsumsi sekularisme bahwa peran agama akan meredup pasca Pencerahan, nyata tidak terbukti. Dugaan akan tergerusnya agama di ruang publik, tak terwujud. Meski ada sekularisasi di masyarakat, tapi proses itu tidak berimbas pada kesadaran individu. Agama masih menjadi modal sosial dan memberikan pengaruh terhadap pergumulan masyarakat modern. Dalam bentuknya yang paling militan hingga yang halus kita merasakan bagaimana pengaruh dari Konfusianisme dan Taoisme di Cina dan Taiwan, Kristen Kharismatik serta Pentakostalisme di Afrika Selatan dan India, Kristen Ortodoks di Rusia, Islam di Indonesia serta spirit kapitalisme di Eropa Timur. Agama disini, menjadi sebentuk the hidden form of capital atau modal yang tersembunyi. Di lain wajah, sentimen agama, juga tak jarang menimbulkan banyak pertikaian. Konflik antar umat beragama semakin banyak kita temukan. Inilah era dimana counter terhadap sekularisasi justru semakin menguat.  Agama selalu menghadirkan wajah ganda yang ambivalen, menjadi perekat dan sumber integrasi di satu sisi, tapi juga menjadi pemisah dan sumber konfilik di sisi lain. Bagaimana masyarakat yang tidak saling mengenal satu dengan lain, berasal dari berbagai belahan dunia bisa terbangun sentimennya karena agama. Juga sebaliknya, bagaimana ikatan-ikatan persaudaraan menjadi pudar karena berbeda agama atau pemahaman keagamaan.Kata kunci: Agama, Integrasi, Konflik dan Rekonsiliasi AbstractThe assumption of secularism that the role of religion will diminish after the Enlightenment is not proven. Allegations of religious erosion in the public sphere are unfulfilled. Although there is secularization in society, but the process does not affect individual consciousness. Religion is still a social capital and gives effect to the struggle of modern society. In its most militant to subtle form we feel the influence of Confucianism and Taoism in China and Taiwan, Christian Charismatics and Pentecostalism in South Africa and India, Orthodox Christianity in Russia, Islam in Indonesia and the spirit of capitalism in Eastern Europe. Here, Religion is being a form of hidden form of capital or hidden capital. On the other face, religious sentiments, also not infrequently cause a lot of disputes. Conflict among religious people more and more we find. This is an era where the counter to secularization is actually getting stronger. Religion always presents an ambivalent double face, a glue and source of integration on the one hand, but also a separator and a source of confidence on the other. How people who do not know each other, coming from different parts of the world can be awakened by religious sentiment. On the contrary, how fraternal bonds fade due to different religions or religious understanding. Keyword: Religion, Integration, Conflict and Reconciliation                

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