scholarly journals Psychosomatic Approach to Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Concept, Diagnosis and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Sang-Shin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Widespread Pain ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Somatic Pain ◽  
Cognitive Disturbances ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) has chronic widespread pain (CWP) as a core symptom and a variety of associated somatic and psychological symptoms such as fatigue, sleep problems, cognitive disturbances, multiple somatic pain, and depression. FMS is the subject of considerable controversy in the realm of nosology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment.Moreover, the fact that FMS and mental illness are closely associated with each other might intensify the confusion for the distinction between FMS and mental disorders. This narrative literature review aims to provide the concept, diagnosis, and treatment of FMS from the integrative biopsychosocial and psychosomatic perspective. This article first explains the concepts of FMS as a disease entity of biopsychosocial model, and then summarizes the changes of diagnostic criteria over past three decades, differential diagnosis and comorbidity issue focused on mental illnesses. In addition, an overview of treatment of FMS is presented mainly by arranging the recommendations from the international guidelines which have been developed by four official academic associations.

Are sleep problems and non-specific health complaints risk factors for chronic pain? A prospective population-based study with 17 year follow-up

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne K. Nitter ◽  
Are H. Pripp ◽  
Karin Ø. Forseth
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronic Widespread Pain ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Widespread Pain ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Specific Health

AbstractIntroductionChronic musculoskeletal pain represents a significant health problem among adults in Norway. The prevalence of chronic pain can be up to 50% in both genders. However, the prevalence of chronic widespread pain is significantly higher in females than in males. Chronic widespread pain is seen as the end of a continuum of pain. There is rather sparse knowledge about the incidence of pain in initially pain free individuals and the course of self-reported pain over time. Moreover, little is known about risk factors for incidence of chronic pain or prognostic factors for the course of self-reported pain. We believe that such knowledge may contribute to develop strategies for treatment at an early stadium of the pain condition and thereby reduce the prevalence of chronic pain included chronic widespread pain.Aims of the studyThe aims of this study were threefold: (1) to calculate the incidence of self-reported musculoskeletal pain in a female cohort, (2) to describe the course of pain and (3) to investigate whether or not health complaints and sleep problems are predictive factors for onset of pain or prognostic factors for the course of pain.MethodsThis is a prospective population-based study of all women between 20 and 50 years who were registered in Arendal, Norway, in 1989 (N = 2498 individuals). A questionnaire about chronic pain (pain >3 months duration in muscles, joints, back or the whole body), modulating factors for pain, sleep problems and seven non-specific health complaints was mailed to all traceable women, in 1990 (N =2498), 1995 (n = 2435) and 2007 (n = 2261). Of these, 1338 responded on all three occasions. Outcome measures were presence and extent of chronic pain.ResultsThe prevalence of chronic pain was 57% in 1990 and 61% in 2007. From 1990 to 2007, 53% of the subjects changed pain category. The incidence of chronic pain in initially pain free individuals during follow-up was 44%, whereas the recovery rate was 25%. Impaired sleep quality predicted onset of chronic pain. There was a linear association between the number of health complaints and the incidence of chronic pain in initially pain free individuals. Equivalent results were found for persistence of pain and worsening of pain.ConclusionThe prevalence of chronic pain was rather stable throughout the follow-up period, but the prevalence of chronic widespread pain increased. Individual changes in pain extent occurred frequently. The presence of sleep disturbances and number of health complaints predicted onset, persistence and worsening of pain.ImplicationsSleep problems must be thoroughly addressed as a possible risk factor for onset or worsening of pain. Elimination of sleep problems in an early phase is an interesting approach in treating chronic pain. More research is needed to illuminate the possible pathogenetic relations between pain, non-specific health complaints, sleep problems and also depression.

scholarly journals Trends in Psychological Symptoms among Canadian Adolescents from 2002 to 2014: Gender and Socioeconomic Differences

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 797-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève Gariépy ◽  
Frank J. Elgar
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Score ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Symptom ◽  
Socioeconomic Differences ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Objective: To describe trends in psychological health symptoms in Canadian youth from 2002 to 2014 and examine gender and socioeconomic differences in these trends. Method: We used data from the Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. We assessed psychological symptoms from a validated symptom checklist and calculated a symptom score (range, 0-16). We stratified our analyses by gender and affluence tertile based on an index of material assets. We then plotted trends in symptom score and calculated the probability of experiencing specific symptoms over time. Results: Between 2002 and 2014, psychological symptom score increased by 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73 to 1.41), 1.08 (95% CI, 0.79 to 1.37), and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.55 to 1.13) points in girls in the low-, middle-, and high-affluence tertiles, respectively. In boys, psychological symptoms decreased by –0.39 (95% CI, –0.66 to –0.12) and –0.12 (95% CI, –0.43 to 0.19) points in the high- and middle-affluence tertiles, respectively, and increased by 0.30 (95% CI, –0.04 to 0.63) points in the low-affluence tertile. The probability of feeling anxious and having sleep problems at least once a week notably increased in girls from all affluence groups, while the probability of feeling depressed and irritable decreased among boys from the high-affluence tertile. Conclusion: Psychological symptoms increased in Canadian adolescent girls across all affluence groups while they remained stable in boys from low and middle affluence and decreased in boys from high affluence. Specific psychological symptoms followed distinct trends. Further research is needed to uncover the mechanisms driving these trends.

Is it necessary to strictly diagnose fibromyalgia syndrome in patients with chronic widespread pain?

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1473-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arzu Yagiz On ◽  
Dilek Aykanat ◽  
Funda Calis Atamaz ◽  
Can Eyigor ◽  
Hayriye Kocanogullari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Widespread Pain ◽  
Widespread Pain

Which biopsychosocial view of mental illness?

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-96
Author(s):  
Walter Sinnott-Armstrong ◽  
Jesse S. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Almost All

Biopsychosocial theories of mental illness claim that biological, psychological, and social factors are all central to every mental illness. This general approach cannot be assessed or employed properly without specifying the precise relation between mental illnesses and these three levels of understanding. This chapter distinguishes disjunctive, causal, explanatory, therapeutic (or treatment), and constitutive (or definitional) versions of biopsychosocial theories. However, all of these claims are uncontroversial and not distinctive of the biopsychosocial approach, except the constitutive claim. That constitutive claim is inaccurate, because almost all mental illnesses are and should be defined by their psychological symptoms instead of their biological or social causes. These lessons are applied to case studies of post-traumatic stress disorder, disinhibited social engagement disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and scrupulosity.

Fibromyalgia and chronic widespread pain syndromes—adult onset

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoop Kuttikat ◽  
Nicholas Shenker
Keyword(s):  
Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Chronic Widespread Pain ◽  
Widespread Pain ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Societal Costs ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
Unrefreshing Sleep ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by chronic widespread pain, excessive fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and other associated somatic symptoms. FMS is common in the general population with an estimated prevalence of 2-4% and is about six times more common in females than males. FMS causes significant individual and societal costs. The precise aetiology of FMS remains unclear. Dysfunctional pain processing within the central nervous system is the primary abnormality. FMS is a clinical diagnosis based on pattern recognition and it can coexist with other conditions. A multidisciplinary approach, incorporating patient education, physical therapies, psychological therapies, and pharmacotherapy, is effective in managing these patients.

scholarly journals Cognition, The Menstrual Cycle, and Premenstrual Disorders: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Le ◽  
Natalie Thomas ◽  
Caroline Gurvich
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Cognitive Disturbances ◽  
Brain Behavior ◽  
Convenient Model

Sex hormones, such as estrogens, progesterone, and testosterone, have a significant influence on brain, behavior, and cognitive functioning. The menstrual cycle has been a convenient model to examine how subtle fluctuations of these hormones can relate to emotional and cognitive functioning. The aim of the current paper is to provide a narrative review of studies investigating cognitive functioning in association with the menstrual cycle in biological females, with a focus on studies that have investigated cognitive functioning across the menstrual cycle in females with premenstrual mood disorders, such as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). In line with previous reviews, the current review concluded that there is a lack of consistent findings regarding cognitive functioning across the menstrual cycle. Most studies focused on changes in levels of blood estrogen, and neglected to explore the role of other hormones, such as progesterone, on cognitive functioning. Cognitive research involving premenstrual disorders is in its infancy, and it remains unclear whether any cognitive disturbances that are identified may be attributed to negative experience of mood and psychological symptoms or be a more direct effect of hormonal dysregulation or sensitivity. Suggestions for future research are provided.

scholarly journals Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Spa Therapy: Myth or Reality?

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. CMAMD.S8797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo M. Guidelli ◽  
Sara Tenti ◽  
Emanuele De Nobili ◽  
Antonella Fioravanti
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Chronic Widespread Pain ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Spa Therapy ◽  
Clinical Effects

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) is a common musculoskeletal disorder characterized by otherwise unexplained chronic widespread pain, a lowered pain threshold, high tender point counts, sleep disturbances, fatigue, headache, irritable bowel syndrome, morning stiffness, paraesthesias in the extremities, often psychological distress and depressed mood. Consequently, FS has a negative impact on working capacity, family life, social functioning and quality of life. Because of unknown etiology and not clearly understood pathogenesis, there is no standard therapy regime for FS. A variety of medical treatments, including antidepressants, opioids, analgesic or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sedatives, muscle relaxants and antiepileptics, have been used to treat FS. Currently, no pharmacological treatment for FS is consistently successful. According to recent guidelines, the optimal treatment of FS requires a multidisciplinary approach with a combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment modalities. Spa therapy is a popular treatment for FS in many European countries, as well as in Japan and Israel. However, despite their long history and popularity spa treatments are still the subject of debate and their role in modern medicine is still not clear. The objective of this review is to summarize the currently available information on clinical effects and mechanism of action of spa therapy in FS. We also provide some suggestions for further development in this area.

Relationship between delirium and behavioral symptoms of dementia

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Landreville ◽  
Philippe Voyer ◽  
Pierre-Hugues Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Confusion Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Problems ◽  
Delirium Superimposed On Dementia

ABSTRACTBackground: Persons with dementia frequently present behavioral and psychological symptoms as well as delirium. However, the association between these has received little attention from researchers and current knowledge in this area is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between delirium and behavioral symptoms of dementia (BSD).Methods: Participants were 155 persons with a diagnosis of dementia, 109 (70.3%) of whom were found delirious according to the Confusion Assessment Method. BSD were assessed using the Nursing Home Behavior Problem Scale.Results: Participants with delirium presented significantly more BSD than participants without delirium. More specifically, they presented more wandering/trying to leave, sleep problems, and irrational behavior after controlling for cognitive problems and use of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines. Most relationships between participant characteristics and BSD did not differ according to the presence or absence of delirium, but some variables, notably sleep problems, were more strongly associated to BSD in persons with delirium.Conclusions: Although correlates of BSD in persons with delirium superimposed on dementia are generally similar to those in persons with dementia alone, delirium is associated with a higher level of BSD. Results of this study have practical implications for the detection of delirium superimposed on dementia, the management of behavioral disturbances in patients with delirium, and caregiver burden.

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