scholarly journals L’hydrologie printanière de la rivière Saint-François

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 197-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Cazalis
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Specific Discharge ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Annual Discharge

The abundant spring run-off in Southern Québec is a result of the heavy winter precipitation and the length of the retaining period. One half of the annual discharge occurs in March, April and May, yet the maximum monthly coefficient (April) on the Saint-François is little more than 300. This low figure is due to the length of the thawing season, which extends the flood over at least four weeks, and to the retaining action of the numerous lakes. Occasionally a heavy spring rainfall may alter the character of the run-off, but even then there is never any question of spring flood damage to land or property — the river s are swollen rather than in flood. Critical conditions can arise however on the Saint-François following storm rains and rapid run-off (impermeability and steep slopes). The water rises rapidly, but the fall extends over a week. These floods are more severe than in spring, but damage is still minimal, the lakes in fact store 50% of the surface run-off and in the case of certain tributaries, 75%. Furthermore, the maximum specific discharge is not more than 20 cu. ft/sec/sq. m. for the regulated tributaries (Magog, Massawippï) compared with 80 or more for those that are not. Through the regulating influence of the main tributaries and that of the hydro-electric power dams on the Saint-François itself], the regime of the river is one of the most serene in Southern Québec.

scholarly journals Simulation of Run-Off from the Greenland Ice Sheet for Planning Hydro-Electric Power, Ilulissat/Jakobshavn, West Greenland

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger J. Braithwaite ◽  
Henrik Højmark Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Electric Power Station ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions

Simulations of run-off from the Greenland ice sheet were made as part of a feasibility study for provision of hydroelectric power for Ilulissat/Jakobshavn, West Greenland. The aims were to see if the available short series of run-off measurements are typical of those under present climatic conditions, and to assess possible changes in run-off likely to be caused by gross changes in drainage pattern on the ice sheet. Specific run-off was calculated from climatological data, whilst run-off volumes were calculated by integrating specific run-off over the area of the ice sheet. There have been substantial year-to-year variations in run-off, but the 6 year measurement period is reasonably representative of present climatic conditions. Run-off could be reduced by 21% as a result of changes in hydraulic conditions on the ice sheet without this having a significant effect on the economy of the planned hydro-electric power station.

scholarly journals The possible negative consequences of underground dam and reservoir construction and operation in coastal karst areas: an example of the hydro-electric power plant (HEPP) Ombla near Dubrovnik (Croatia)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2041-2052 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Roje-Bonacci ◽  
O. Bonacci
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Grout Curtain ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Karst Spring ◽  
Coastal Karst ◽  
Underground Dam ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Annual Discharge

Abstract. The Ombla Spring represents a typical abundant coastal karst spring located in the vicinity of the town of Dubrovnik (Croatia). Its outlet is at an altitude of 2.5 m above sea level (m a.s.l.) and the water from it immediately flows into the Adriatic Sea. The minimum and maximum measured discharges are 3.96 m3 s−1 and 117 m3 s−1, respectively. The Trebišnjica River traverses through its catchment. The mean annual discharge, after the canalization of over 60 km of its watercourse with spray concrete (in the time span 1981–2011), is 24.05 m3 s−1. Before massive civil engineering work which took place during 1968–1980, the mean annual discharge was 28.35 m3 s−1. There is a project for construction of the hydro-electric power plant (HEPP) Ombla, which will exclusively use groundwater from the Ombla Spring karst aquifer. The underground dam will be constructed about 200 m behind the existing karst spring outflow in the karst massif, by injecting a grout curtain. The top of the grout curtain is planned to be at an altitude of 130 m a.s.l. This karst system is complex, sensitive, vulnerable and ecologically extremely valuable. The grout curtain, as well as the HEPP Ombla development, could lead to extremely dangerous technical and environmental consequences. In this paper some probable, negative consequences of the HEPP Ombla construction and development are explained. The HEPP Ombla could result in many large and hard-to-predict negative consequences which are specific for this particular HEPP, for example (1) severe spring discharge change; (2) unpredictable regional groundwater redistribution; (3) threatening of endemic fauna; (4) induced seismicity; (5) induced sinkholes; (6) occurrence of landslides; (7) conflict regarding internationally shared karst aquifers; (8) intensification of karst flash floods; (9) sea water intrusion in coastal karst aquifer; etc.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the eutrophication of the Amur Bay (Japan Sea) by Razdolnaya River

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-411
Author(s):  
T. A. Mikhaylik ◽  
A. P. Nedashkovsky ◽  
N. D. Khodorenko ◽  
P. Ya. Tishchenko
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Amur Bay ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Nutrients Concentration ◽  
Annual Discharge

Data on dissolved organic concentration (DOC) and concentration of nutrients (phosphorus, silicon, and nitrogen of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate) in the Razdolnaya/Suifen River water are presented. The samples were collected fortnightly, as a rule, during more than a year (2013–2014). The nutrients concentration decreased and DOC and humic substances concentration increased with the river run-off increasing. In conditions of monsoon climate, the nutrients discharge from the Razdolnaya/Suifen into the Amur Bay had great pulsations that promoted sometimes producing of «excessive» phytoplankton biomass in the bay and provided a background for hypoxia at the bottom. Natural terrestrial fluxes of nutrients and DOC into the bay are much higher than these substances supply with waste waters of Vladivostok City. Interannual variability of the nutrients and dissolved organics fluxes into the Amur Bay is traced. Tendency to their increasing is supposed since 2003 because of the Razdolnaya/Suifen River annual discharge increasing observed by Hydrometeorological Agency in 2003–2017.

scholarly journals Hydrological responses of agroforestry system application which is not based on land suitability, a case study in Cimuntur watershed

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edy Junaidi ◽  
Yonky Indrajaya
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Hydrological Responses ◽  
The People ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Nephelium Lappaceum ◽  
Specific Discharge ◽  
Use Pattern

Land use in a watershed should consider land capability and watershed carrying capacity so that the land can optimally. Agroforestry is a land use system that not only aims to generate income for the people but also to maintain hydrological conditions of a watershed. This research aims to evaluate the hydrological responses due to the application of agroforestry system on several land use pattern that has been changed. There are three steps in the analysis: (1) Assessment on land use planning (RTRW), (2) Land use suitability classification for agroforestry system, and (3) Development of scenarios for suitable land use of agroforestry system for hydrological function. The results of this study show that the application of agroforestry system of woody plant (i.e. sengon), fruit plant (i.e. Nephelium lappaceum), annual crops (i.e. clove, coconut, Parkia speciosa and banana), perennial crops (i.e. cardamom, and banana), and seasonal crops (i.e. cassava) on unsuitable land use gives the lowers on Coefficient of River Regime (KRS), specific discharge, Run off Coefficient (C)  and Total Dissolve Sediment (TDS). This agroforestry system can be applied on several land use pattern that has been changed, because this system not only aims to generate income for the people but also to the maintain hydrological condition of a watershed.

scholarly journals Alih Fungsi Lahan dan Curah Hujan terhadap Perubahan Hidrologi Sub Das Samin

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Nining Rahayu ◽  
Sutarno Sutarno ◽  
Komariah Komariah
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Annual Discharge ◽  
Annual Charge

<p>Samin sub-watershed is located in the district of Karanganyar and Sukoharjo regency. Every year an increasing number of people in Samin sub-watershed can inflict problems such as the seizure of land use and the amount of available water resources. This study purpose to analyzed the influence of land conversion and rainfall to hydrology conditions Samin sub-watershed in 2005-2015. This research used descriptive exploration method. The study population was the whole unit of land use in the Samin sub-watershed. Data collection techniques used collection of  secondary data from  BPS  Karanganyar-Sukoharjo regency and  watering hall.  Data  were analyzed using correlation analysis of land use and rainfall on hydrology conditions Samin sub-watershed. The results showed that the wetland and forest land decreased by an average of 44,76 ha-1year and 102,5 ha-1year. Residential land, fields and plantations increased by an average of 26,8ha-1year, 54,07ha-1year and 26,82ha-1year. In period 2005-2010 and 2011-2015, Samin sub-watershed has declined average on annual charge (-3.117,42 m3/second), value of coefficient run-off (-0,11), sedimentation (-0,01 mm) and increase average on value of  coefficient of river regime (+91,02) and CVcharge  (+0,35). Results of statistical analysis of correlation showed that, decline in wetland, forest and increased fields affect the increase coefficient of river regime. Decreased forest land also increased of fields land and plantations affect the  increase of  Coefficients of  Variants (CVcharge). Decreased forest land  affects decreased run-off coefficient, sedimentation and annual discharge.</p>

EFFECTS OF RUN-OFF PREVENTION AND LEACHING WATER ON A SALINE SOIL

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred M. Sandoval ◽  
C. W. Carlson ◽  
R. H. Mickelson ◽  
Leo Benz
Keyword(s):  
Saline Soil ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Red River ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Red River Valley ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Summer Rain ◽  
Yearly Precipitation

A 4-year study was conducted on the effects of precipitation management on salt movement and spring wheat yields on an imperfectly drained saline silt loam in the northern Red River Valley of North Dakota. Partial leaching by artificially applied water at the beginning of the experiment was compared to leaching benefits by impounded precipitation. Average monthly water table fluctuated from 2 to 11 feet with rainfall and was usually lowest in late winter or spring and highest during the summer. Average yearly precipitation is 20 inches.Impounded precipitation was found effective in partially desalinizing the soil. Summer rain was more effective than winter precipitation. Wheat yields were inversely related to soil salinity with the highest correlation coefficients occurring on springtime data for the 6- to 16-inch depth.

scholarly journals Meltwater run-off from Haig Glacier, Canadian Rocky Mountains, 2002–2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 5181-5200 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Canadian Rocky Mountains ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Specific Discharge

Abstract. Observations of high-elevation meteorological conditions, glacier mass balance, and glacier run-off are sparse in western Canada and the Canadian Rocky Mountains, leading to uncertainty about the importance of glaciers to regional water resources. This needs to be quantified so that the impacts of ongoing glacier recession can be evaluated with respect to alpine ecology, hydroelectric operations, and water resource management. In this manuscript the seasonal evolution of glacier run-off is assessed for an alpine watershed on the continental divide in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. The study area is a headwaters catchment of the Bow River, which flows eastward to provide an important supply of water to the Canadian prairies. Meteorological, snowpack, and surface energy balance data collected at Haig Glacier from 2002 to 2013 were analysed to evaluate glacier mass balance and run-off. Annual specific discharge from snow- and ice-melt on Haig Glacier averaged 2350 mm water equivalent from 2002 to 2013, with 42% of the run-off derived from melting of glacier ice and firn, i.e. water stored in the glacier reservoir. This is an order of magnitude greater than the annual specific discharge from non-glacierized parts of the Bow River basin. From 2002 to 2013, meltwater derived from the glacier storage was equivalent to 5–6% of the flow of the Bow River in Calgary in late summer and 2–3% of annual discharge. The basin is typical of most glacier-fed mountain rivers, where the modest and declining extent of glacierized area in the catchment limits the glacier contribution to annual run-off.

scholarly journals Analysis of Flood Damage in the Seoul Metropolitan Government Using Climate Change Scenarios and Mitigation Technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Jaekyoung Kim ◽  
Junsuk Kang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Permeable Pavement ◽  
Metropolitan Government ◽  
Run Off ◽  
The Future ◽  
One Year

The social and economic damages caused by climate change have increased rapidly over the last several decades, with increasing instances of heatwaves, floods, and extreme rainfall. In 2011, heavy rain of 110.5 mm/hr caused great damage to the Seoul Metropolitan Government. Most of the causes of flooding in modern cities include a sharp increase in non-permeable pavement and a lack of water circulation facilities. It is predicted that heavy rainfalls will occur in the future, causing large amounts of local damage. In this study, possible future flood damages were analyzed using climate change scenarios based on the Korean Peninsula. ArcGIS was adopted to perform analyses, and Huff curves were employed for precipitation analysis. Water tanks, permeable pavement, and ecological waterways were installed as mitigation technologies. These three technologies can contribute to flooding mitigation by increasing the rainwater storage capacity. This study suggests that all floods can be reduced by RCP 8.5 by 2050 and 2060. Although there will be run-off after 2050, it is believed that technology will significantly reduce the volume and possibility of floods. It is recommended that a one-year analysis should be conducted in consideration of the maintenance aspects that will arise in the future.

scholarly journals Simulation of Run-Off from the Greenland Ice Sheet for Planning Hydro-Electric Power, Ilulissat/Jakobshavn, West Greenland

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger J. Braithwaite ◽  
Henrik Højmark Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Electric Power Station ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions

Simulations of run-off from the Greenland ice sheet were made as part of a feasibility study for provision of hydroelectric power for Ilulissat/Jakobshavn, West Greenland. The aims were to see if the available short series of run-off measurements are typical of those under present climatic conditions, and to assess possible changes in run-off likely to be caused by gross changes in drainage pattern on the ice sheet. Specific run-off was calculated from climatological data, whilst run-off volumes were calculated by integrating specific run-off over the area of the ice sheet. There have been substantial year-to-year variations in run-off, but the 6 year measurement period is reasonably representative of present climatic conditions. Run-off could be reduced by 21% as a result of changes in hydraulic conditions on the ice sheet without this having a significant effect on the economy of the planned hydro-electric power station.

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