scholarly journals Fragmented Integration: The Nova Scotia Steel and Coal Company and the Anatomy of an Urban-Industrial Landscape, c. 1912

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-158
Author(s):  
L. D. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Industrial Landscape ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
And Control

This paper examines how forces of fragmentation within the Maritimes contribute a partial but important explanation of the urban-industrial collapse that marked the region in the early 20th century. Specifically, weaknesses that affected the spatial strategies of the vertically-integrated industrial giant, the Nova Scotia Steel and Coal Company, provide evidence of limited interaction within the Maritime urban system. Profits from exporting staples, pig iron, and steel products to foreign and national markets, although initially aided by tidewater location and control over all phases of production, were not sufficient to overcome, in the long-run, such forces of fragmentation as dispersed and limited regional markets, increased costs of producing poor quality resources, or the minimal presence of external economies. With "Scotia's" eventual demise, towns like Sydney Mines, Trenton, and New Glasgow suffered economic and population decline.

scholarly journals The hamster wheel: a case study on embodied narrative identity and overcoming severe obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Natvik ◽  
Målfrid Råheim ◽  
Randi Sviland
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Weight Loss Surgery ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Eating Practices ◽  
And Control

AbstractBased in narrative phenomenology, this article describes an example of how lived time, self and bodily engagement with the social world intertwine, and how our sense of self develops. We explore this through the life story of a woman who lost weight through surgery in the 1970 s and has fought against her own body, food and eating ever since. Our narrative analysis of interviews, reflective notes and email correspondence disentangled two storylines illuminating paradoxes within this long-term weight loss process. Thea’s Medical Weight Narrative: From Severely Obese Child to Healthy Adult is her story in context of medicine and obesity treatment and expresses success and control. Thea’s Story: The Narrative of Fighting Weight is the experiential story, including concrete examples and quotes, highlighting bodily struggles and the inescapable ambiguity of being and having one’s body. The two storylines coexist and illuminate paradoxes within the weight loss surgery narrative, connected to meaningful life events and experiences, eating practices and relationships with important others. Surgery was experienced as lifesaving, yet the surgical transformation did not suffice, because it did not influence appetite or, desire for food in the long run. In the medical narrative of transforming the body by repair, a problematic relationship with food did not fit into the plot.

scholarly journals THE CORRELATION OF THE CATEGORIES OF “QUALITY” AND “SAFETY” OF PRODUCTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
T.V. Malanchuk ◽  
E.A. Zaitsev
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Product Safety ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
State Supervision ◽  
Safety Features ◽  
And Control

The article analyzes the complex state of the modern legislative regulation of quality and product safety issues in the context of ensuring consumers’ rights to the proper quality of goods (works, services). It is stated that in view of the variety of different properties that make up the notion of quality, the most important are the defects, which are capable of damaging the life, health, or property of the consumer, that is, the defects, which indicate that the goods are dangerous. The safety of goods works, and services as a legal category are of particular importance and is one of the functions of the state to ensure public safety. State measures of influence on manufacturers and sellers of goods, persons who perform work and provide services should be aimed at ensuring the protection of fundamental civil rights. In most cases, these are imperative requirements for safety, which are approved by special legal acts, as well as measures of state supervision and control to ensure the safety of manufactured goods, works, and services. The legislator, when defining security, uses the term “safety of goods (works, services)”, but it would be advisable to carry out graduation of these concepts since the safety of goods is a state of goods that allows it to be sold, used, stored, transported, disposed of without harm for life, health, the property of the consumer and the environment in normal conditions, and the safety of works and services is the quality of protection of the legal rights of the consumer in carrying out the activities of persons who perform work and provide services, danger to life, health, the property should not manifest itself either in their implementation and providing or later. It is noted that quality requirements should be made mandatory when designing production specifications. It is stated that in order to ensure the effectiveness of legal regulation, the safety of a product, work, or service must be considered as a full-fledged property within the legal notion of quality. It is concluded that product safety is an integral feature of any product, work, and service, acting as an integral element of the quality category. Lack of safety features indicates that the product is of poor quality. Keywords: quality, safety, proper quality, improper quality, specifications, consumers.

Training a Team with Simulated Team Members

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (25) ◽  
pp. 2026-2029
Author(s):  
Alma Schaafstal ◽  
Raegan M. Hoeft ◽  
Martin van Schaik
Keyword(s):  
Command And Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Military Command ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

The process of training teams increasingly occurs in synthetic environments. However, it is often still modeled after live team training, including the disadvantages of live training, for example, the fact that all teammates must be available. This paper explores overcoming the disadvantages of human teammates in training teams in synthetic environments, while keeping the advantages of learning in a collaborative and cooperative fashion. Simulated teammates are a promising alternative because they are always available, may be modeled after experienced training personnel, and may be more cost effective in the long run. This paper details a research approach towards the definition of requirements for simulated teammates. In our approach, we carry out a set of experiments using confederates as simulated teammates, in a well-controlled simulation of a military command-and-control task The results of a first experiment show slightly better teamwork skills for those teams trained with simulated teammates.

Spherical calibration and quality control of ground and UAV vector magnetometer data

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 382a1-382a6
Author(s):  
Ed Cunion
Keyword(s):  
Urban System ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Ground Survey ◽  
Scalar Magnetometer ◽  
Vector Magnetometer ◽  
Magnetometer Data ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
And Control ◽  
Airborne Magnetic

Ground traverse and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) airborne magnetic mapping results covering an urban landfill are compared for a picoTesla-resolution fluxgate vector magnetometer (FVM). Rural and urban system noise tests are undertaken first to develop FVM quality assessment and control methods that are then used for processing the landfill survey data. The FVM ground and UAV survey results are subsequently compared with a femtoTesla-resolution alkali-vapor scalar magnetometer ground survey that provides a scalar total magnetic intensity image reference standard.

Modelling the Nexus Between Foreign Aid and Economic Growth: A Case of Afghanistan and Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Ashiq Villanthenkodath ◽  
Ubaid Mushtaq
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Annual Time Series ◽  
And Control

This paper tries to explore the existence of a long-run relationship between foreign aid and economic growth by using the data from the two highest foreign aid recipient countries. Using the annual time series data from 1965 to 2017 this study uses several econometric models such as Johansen and Juselius cointegration, Granger causality and vector auto regression to establish the long and short-run relationships among foreign aid inflows and economic growth while also considering financial development and trade openness from both the countries. The empirical results suggest that no long-run relationship exists among foreign aid inflows and economic growth for both the countries. However, unidirectional causality running from foreign aid to economic growth is indicative in both countries. Therefore, the findings in this paper support the adequate need for foreign aid for effective economic growth amid an upright policy environment, related issues of conditionality and political stability. Our results are robust to independent, and control variables and estimation techniques are also on par with robustness.

A COMPARISON OF GROWTH, LIFE CYCLE AND CONTROL OF DIBOTRYON MORBOSUM (SCH.) TH. & SYD. ON PEACH AND PLUM IN NOVA SCOTIA

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Gourley
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
And Control

A comparative study of Dibotryon morbosum (Sch.) Th. & Syd. on peach and plum showed the life cycle to be the same on both hosts. Peach knots were less prominent and produced very few mature perithecia. Plum inoculum was considered to be largely responsible for infections on the peach. The morphology and cultural characteristics of the isolates from the two hosts were similar. Ascospores from plum knots readily infected peach seedlings but those from peach knots did not infect peach or plum seedlings. The colonization of knots by extraneous organisms affected the maturation of perithecia. Of the fungicides used thiram was the most satisfactory for the control of black knot on plum. These investigations indicate that black knot is not of serious economic importance on peach.

CLIMATE AND HEALTH BENEFITS OF PHASING OUT IRON & STEEL PRODUCTION CAPACITY IN CHINA: FINDINGS FROM THE IMED MODEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 2041008
Author(s):  
BO-SHU LI ◽  
YAN CHEN ◽  
SHAOHUI ZHANG ◽  
ZHERU WU ◽  
JANUSZ COFALA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Adjustment Policy ◽  
Structural Adjustment Policy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Benefit Cost

In recognition of the negative climate change and deteriorative air quality, the iron and steel industry in China was subject to production capacity phase-out policy (PCPP), which is deeply influencing industrial restructuring and national emission reduction targets. However, researches that quantitatively estimated the comprehensive impacts of such structural adjustment policy remain scant. For this purpose, this study expands and soft-links between GAINS and IMED models to characterize the impacts of climate change and PM[Formula: see text]-attributed health co-benefits. Results showed the PCPP based on scale limitation to eliminate backward capacities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region yields total benefits of 34.9 billion Yuan (4.2 billion USD), 89% of total coming from energy saving and carbon mitigation, more than policy costs (20.0 billion Yuan) in 2020, but the gap between benefit-cost will keep narrowing to [Formula: see text]2.8 billion Yuan ([Formula: see text]0.3 billion USD) in 2020–2030, indicating that policy improvement is needed in the long run. To further increase policy co-benefits and achieve multiple policy targets, the policymaker should readjust the PCPP by switching scale limitation to energy efficiency constraint. If doing that, the difference of benefit-cost will achieve 42.5 billion Yuan (5.1 billion USD). The regional disparity also exits due to the diverse ratio of benefit-cost in the selected provinces, calling for necessary fiscal incentives to the less developed area, e.g., Hebei, to promote closer integration.

scholarly journals Resettlement, Populism and the Multiple Dimensions of Solidarity: Lessons from US and Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-138
Author(s):  
Davide Strazzari
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
State Planning ◽  
National Interests ◽  
International Dimension ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
And Control

Abstract Resettlement is the selection and transfer of refugees from a State in which they have sought protection to a third State which has agreed, voluntarily, to admit them. Since resettlement is subject to State planning and control, it is usually immune from current populist narratives that depicts immigration as contrary to national interests. By looking at the experience of both US and Canada, the paper argues that this is not always the case. Resettlement involves not only an international dimension of solidarity, but also an intra-national one which, in turn, is both vertical and horizontal. The former refers to the role of the subnational units with regard to the selection and the distribution of refugees crossover the country, while the latter relates to the involvement of civil society in some elements of their identification or reception. A lack of coordination among these multiple dimensions of solidarity may result in local resistances that in the long run can influence the enforcement of national resettlement policy.

scholarly journals Where literature is scarce: observations and lessons learnt from four systematic reviews of zoonoses in African countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Alonso ◽  
Johanna Lindahl ◽  
Kristina Roesel ◽  
Sylvain Gnamien Traore ◽  
Bassa Antoine Yobouet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Review Question ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe success of a systematic review depends on the availability, accessibility and quality of literature related to the review question. This paper presents the literature found in four systematic reviews conducted for a selection of zoonotic hazards in four livestock value chains in Africa, as well as setting out the challenges in conducting the reviews. The protocol was designed following international standards, and addressed four questions around prevalence, risk factors, control options and impact of various hazards and populations. Searches were conducted in four online databases. Articles were screened for relevance, and quality was assessed before data extraction. Literature on zoonotic hazards was in general scarce and access to full articles was limited. Overall, 25–40% of papers were considered poor quality. The diversity of approaches and designs in the studies compromised the ability to generate summarized estimates. We found that the emphasis of veterinary research has been on livestock problems rather than public health issues, although this seems to be shifting in the last decade; we also found there are limited studies on impact and control. While increasing literature is being published around zoonoses in Africa, this is still inadequate to appropriately inform policy and guide research efforts.

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