scholarly journals Les avatars des économies de marché

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Joyal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Situation

The difficulties experienced by the Western economies since the middle seventie have given rise to considerable debate among economists. Some, referring to structural changes in the way the economy functions, have no hesitation in speaking of an economic crisis, while others, less pessimistic, consider that the present economic problems are due to the concordance of particular circumstances. The latter, evidently, belong to the dominant current of thought. Within this group we find some old ideas being put forward once more, challenging the various means of State intervention to regulate the economy. The relevance of treating the present situation as one of economic crisis is dealt with here in the light of four inter-related factors : the fall in labor productivity, the slowdown of the impact of technology, fordism, and the profitability of capital. A reconsideration of traditional economic policies brings out the need to accept the requirements of slower economic growth. Many persons have already adopted their consumer behavior to this new situation.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE OF THE BANKING SYSTEM OF UKRAINE IN CONDITIONS FINANCIAL INSTABILITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Danik ◽  
Kateryna Novak ◽  
Anastasiia Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Financial Instability ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The Impact

The article covers the problems of the functioning of the banking sector of Ukraine during 2018-2021, as one of the main sectors of the financial market and the national economy as a whole. When analyzing the state of the banking sector, regularities and general trends in the functioning of the banking sector of Ukraine have been established, and appropriate calculations have been made. The impact of global financial crises on the activities of banking structures, which must operate in conditions of constant financial instability, is described. Today, the whole world, including Ukraine, is on the verge of a global financial and economic crisis. This raises the question of whether Ukrainian banks have the necessary margin of resilience to vulnerabilities to the financial and economic crisis. In recent years, the functioning and development of the banking system has been characterized by increased financial stability, the level of bank capitalization, liquidity, some improvement in asset quality, reducing risks in banking, as well as the presence of positive structural changes. Today, Ukraine's banking system operates in a complex socio-economic and legal environment, most of which - macroeconomic instability, irrational structure of the industrial complex, the crisis of science and technology, imperfect fiscal and monetary policy, low level of effective demand - complicate sustainable development banking sector and increase competitiveness. In conditions of instability, intensification of turbulent processes, the development of the banking system requires new innovative approaches to determining the mechanisms of effective functioning and stable development based on a system-synergetic approach, which led to the choice and relevance of the chosen topic of this scientific article. Efficiency of banks is a multicomponent, multifaceted, multidimensional system characteristic that depends on many factors and is an effective indicator of performance of functions and achievement of goals and objectives of banks development provided financial stability based on financial stability and dynamic balance, achievement of multiplicative and synergistic effects.

Impact of Privacy Issues on Successful Implementation of Personalized Medicare System

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-115
Author(s):  
Sandip Bisui ◽  
Subhas C. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Privacy Issues

Personalized medicare systems is an emerging field of research, which bears the potential to significantly reduce healthcare expenditures and treatment errors and thereby to revolutionize the entire treatment procedure. In this novel approach, genomic variation in different individuals is duly taken into consideration. However, there exist several serious issues (e.g. privacy concerns) that provide hindrance to large-scale adoption of this medicare system. The main objective of this study has been to identify the privacy issues and to evaluate their impact on successful implementation of this novel medical treatment. The methodology used is empirical and is based on a survey-based post facto procedure. The data collected from the survey are analyzed by using the method of structural modelling analysis. This is an original study in the realm of healthcare management, which reveals that the technology related factors and privacy concerns have considerable impact on the successful implementation of personalized medicare system on a large scale. But the privacy concerns have no significant moderating effect on the impact of technology related factors, so far, the success of implementation of personalized medicine is concerned.

scholarly journals Energy Factor of Coal Mining Region Sustainable Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 04036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Kopein ◽  
Elena Filimonova ◽  
Irina Kudryashova ◽  
Ksenia Demidenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Energy Factor ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Factors

Economic sanctions as well as geopolitical situation have set new challenges for Russia. They reflect the necessity of creating an economy that is resistant to both the impact of external, often negative factors, and the need to reformat domestic economic policies. The article deals with the features of the interconnection of the industrial region energy sector and the sustainability of its development. It emphasizes the fact that in the context of an economic crisis the adaptation of regions to new economic conditions is actively influenced by internal factors. The fuel and energy complex is becoming one of the leading domestic resources as well as a catalyst for the related industries. It is noted that unsustainable processes of activating internal regional resources (energy, finance, etc.) hinder achieving sustainable development of the economy.

scholarly journals The Impact of Structural Changes in the Indian Manufacturing Industries: 1980-2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Fathipour ◽  
Pratibha S. Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
The Impact

With regard to the importance of the manufacturing, industrial sector for economic growth and its priority for motivating other sectors to development, the paper is aimed to study the structural changes condition in the Indian manufacturing industries. The changing in value-added of industrial activities due to industrial and economic policies is an important indicator for the recognition of manufacturing industries structure. We have analyzed the industrial structure and competitiveness of each industrial activity by using data value-added of manufacturing industries and common indexes such as the structural changes index in the period of 1980-2013. The results of structural index analysis showed that of textile products; leather; basic chemicals and chemical products in the periods of 1980-98  and also in the periods after 2000industries wearing apparel; dressing and dyeing of fur tanning and dressing of leather ; wood and products of wood; motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers; recycling; other transport equipment have been the industrial activities that their structural changes indexes has been positive and they have had the highest competitiveness in comparison to other industrial activities and the greatest opportunities to create value-added. 

scholarly journals Regional Variation and Socio-Economic Determinants of Suicide Mortality in Greece before and during Economic Crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 6117
Author(s):  
Christos Zilidis ◽  
Dimitrios Papagiannis ◽  
Georgios Rachiotis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

Background. Suicide mortality increased in Greece after the 2008 financial crisis. This study aimed to explore the regional variation of suicide mortality before and after the economic crisis, and its correlation with socio-economic and mental health-related variables factors. Methods. This is a quasi-experimental ecological study. Data from the national mortality statistics were analyzed, and standardized death rates and age-specific mortality rates were calculated. The effect of economic crisis was explored by comparing mortality rates before and after crisis onset. Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression were used to assess the impact of socioeconomic and mental health-related factors on suicide mortality. Results. Trends of suicide mortality showed a rise during 2011–2014, followed by a decline during 2015–2016. Significant differences were observed between regions, ranging from 27.6% lower to 54% higher than the national average. Unemployment, income, and change of gross domestic product were significantly correlated with regional variation. No association was found with mental disorder mortality rates and psychotropic drug consumption. Conclusions. Socio-economic factors explained only a part of the suicide mortality variation. Mental health-related factors were not significantly correlated with suicide mortality. More research is needed to investigate other possible determinants of suicides.

scholarly journals The Controversies of Modern Macroeconomic Theory in the Context of the Global Economic Crisis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovan Djuraskovic ◽  
Milivoje Radovic ◽  
Milena Radonjic Konatar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Macroeconomic Theory ◽  
Global Economic Crisis

Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyze controversies of modern macroeconomic theories in the period of the global economic crisis. Ideas, disagreement and similarities between the most important theories in relation to state intervention and anti-crisis economic policy are presented. The topical research has found a connection between the roots of the global economic crisis and the paradigm of new liberal theories. The crisis has confirmed that the idea of self-regulation in the private sector is untenable in practice. In times of crisis, the leading theoretical framework in economic policy is reexamined. Rules-based monetary and fiscal policies are replaced by discretionary decision-making. In the world economies affected by the crisis, anti-Keynesian cyclical measures of monetary and fiscal policies were implemented. A comprehensive and unequivocal reaffirmation of Keynesianism in anti-crisis policies has confirmed the assumption of the circularity of economic theories. Central banks quickly reduced their key interest rates and increased their money supply. Fiscal authorities implemented expansive stimulus programs. When creating a new macroeconomic paradigm, market imperfection must be taken into account as well as a limited range of government economic policies.

scholarly journals The Impact of Globalization on Eurasian Economies: Prospects for Development in the 21st Century

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berch Berberoglu
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Financial Base ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Heavy State

The post-Soviet transformation of Eurasian economies over the past two decades has taken place within the context of the globalization process that has affected many countries around the world. Globalization of capital and transformation of these countries in a market-oriented direction through privatization and joint-ventures with foreign capital has had varied effects in growth and development of Eurasian economies. These developments have taken place at various rates and at varying speeds, depending on the country, especially when one contrasts those in Central Asia with other countries in more developed regions of Eurasia, such as Turkey. In Turkey, a hybrid model of development has evolved over several decades -- one that is built on a strong economic base inherited from the past, where heavy state intervention in the economy has led to the development of a viable industrial infrastructure upon which private capital has expanded and benefited immensely. Thus, the Turkish economy can serve as a model for other Eurasian economies that lack the necessary industrial and financial base, but are able to address the region’s economic problems through a partnership with Turkey. Although a common characteristic of Eurasian economies is the adoption of neoliberal economic policies and integration into the global economy, which often has a negative impact on national economies, a careful approach in engaging with the global economy with heavy state support to guide through the process (as in China) could result in a positive outcome that fosters growth and development of the Eurasian region in the twenty-first century.

scholarly journals The Underground Economy and Tax Evasion in Pakistan: Annual Estimates (1960-1998) and the Impact of Dollarisation of the Economy

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4II) ◽  
pp. 621-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Underground Economy ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Budget Deficits ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Impact

The underground economy (DE) and tax evasion have been a focus of research in Pakistan for many years now. The growing interest in these areas is because of persistent budget deficits resulting from inadequate tax revenues. It is not the presence but the size of the underground economy and the extent of tax evasion that is a major cause of concern. The growth rate of the underground economy is crucial to policy making. Lack of information in this regard is often held responsible for distortions in major macroeconomic indicators. In effect, the socio-economic policies based on the~e indicators are made ineffectual. Thus up-to-date estimates of the size and growth of the underground economy are very importaRt. Social and economic policies directly affect the size and growth of the underground economy. Major policy changes like structural reforms in the financial and banking sectors make a significant impact on both .economies. In this respect, it is crucial to gauge the impact of structural changes like dollarisation of the economy on underground activities.

Digital Economy Business Models as Factors of Structural Change in the Tourist Market – State of Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kachniewska
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Flexible Response ◽  
Market State ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Tourism Economy ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. Identifying the research gap in the area of tourism business models (MB) and formulating a research programme to analyse structural changes within the tourism market. Method. Review and synthesis of publications from the EBSCO, Emerald Insight, ProQuest, Science Direct and Web of Science databases, devoted to tourism MB in the years 2000-2018. Identification of common topics and identification of research gaps. Findings. The research topics most frequently undertaken were: 1) MB configurations in the areas of tourism and hotel industry, transport, brokerage services and e-commerce; 2) analysis of value types; 3) sustainability of the business model; 4) susceptibility to the impact of technology; (5) role of formal and legal environment. Research and conclusion limitations. The scope of analysis was limited to the mentioned databases and a review of scientific articles in English. Industry reports were omitted as not meeting the methodological requirements of scientific works, despite the fact that they illustrate the phenomenon of the emergence of new entities in tourism and the disappearance of the borders of markets, industries and entities. Practical implications. Operationalisation of the MB concept and the answer to the question, what is the real source of the crisis of the industries and entities of the tourist market, will lead to avoiding improper solutions. Despite statutory changes aimed at ensuring equal legal conditions for the functioning of tourism economy entities, differences resulting from different MB effectiveness and failure to recognise structural changes limiting the chances for development and flexible response to environmental conditions persist. Originality. In the article, it is indicated how scientists operationalise the MB concept and perceive the conditions for its modification. Together with the established directions of further research, this will allow to create a common conceptual basis and systematise knowledge resources useful in research on MB tourism market. Type of paper. Research paper.

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