Religion, regulation, consumption

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lever ◽  
Johan Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Arabic Word ◽  
Social Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Graduate Seminars ◽  
Different Levels

This book explores the emergence and expansion of global kosher and halal markets with a particular focus on the UK and Denmark. Kosher is a Hebrew term meaning “fit” or “proper” while halal is an Arabic word that literally means “permissible” or “lawful”. This is the first book of its kind to explore kosher and halal comparatively at different levels of the social scale such as individual consumption, the marketplace, religious organisations and the state. Within the last two decades or so, kosher and halal markets have become global in scope and states, manufacturers, restaurants, shops, certifiers and consumers around the world are faced with ever stricter and more complex kosher and halal requirements. The book is based on extended periods of research carried out in the UK and Denmark where kosher and halal are of particular significance. The research question in this book is: What are the consequences of globalising kosher and halal markets? This book argues that the similarities and differences between kosher and halal consumption, production and regulation in different national contexts are not well understood. We further argue that to better understand global kosher and halal markets these should be explored at different levels of the social scale. The book will be appropriate for students in a variety of upper-level undergraduate courses and graduate seminars as well as academics of food (science), sociology/anthropology, religion, globalisation, politics, economics, business/management as well as companies that are or want to be kosher/halal certified. It will also be of interest to religious organisations and policy makers.

scholarly journals Military Veterans and Welfare Reform: Bridging Two Policy Worlds through Qualitative Longitudinal Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Lisa Scullion ◽  
Katy Jones ◽  
Peter Dwyer ◽  
Celia Hynes ◽  
Philip Martin
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Military Veterans ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Civilian Life ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk

There has been an increasing focus in the UK on the support provided to the Armed Forces community, with the publication of the Armed Forces Covenant (2011), the Strategy for our Veterans (2018) and the first ever Office for Veterans’ Affairs (2019). There is also an important body of research – including longitudinal research – focusing on transitions from military to civilian life, much of which is quantitative. At the same time, the UK has witnessed a period of unprecedented welfare reform. However, research focused on veterans’ interactions with the social security system has been largely absent. This article draws on the authors’ experiences of undertaking qualitative longitudinal research (QLR) to address this knowledge gap. We reflect on how QLR was essential in engaging policy makers enabling the research to bridge the two parallel policy worlds of veterans’ support and welfare reform, leading to significant policy and practice impact.

Not Enough Money: The Resources and Choices of the Motoring Poor

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Froud ◽  
Sukhdev Johal ◽  
Adam Leaver ◽  
Karel Williams
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Car Ownership ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
The Social ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Uk

This paper helps to develop the social aspect of a new agenda for automobile research through focusing on motoring expenditure in the UK by poor households. It moves the social exclusion debate on by going back to Rowntree's 1901 survey, which established that poverty entailed not having enough resources to meet the needs of the household. Rowntree's analysis of primary and secondary poverty is updated here through the focus on the resources and choices of poor households, which incur significant motoring costs as the price of participation. Statistical sources and interviews in Inner and Outer London are used to explore these issues and the analysis shows that the story is one of constraint, sacrifice and precariousness. Car ownership imposes large costs on poor households, which limit other consumption opportunities. Labour market participation may depend on such sacrifices where public transport and local employment opportunities are limited. This locks poor households into a precarious cycle whereby the car is necessary to get to work and the job is necessary to keep the car on the road. Using Rowntree by analogy, the paper argues that, as well as improving public transport provision policy makers must also recognise the problem of poverty.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
John Lever ◽  
Johan Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Social Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Different Levels

In focusing on the consequences of globalising kosher and halal markets this book has demonstrated that similarities and differences between kosher and halal consumption, production and regulation in different national contexts are not well understood, and that to better understand global kosher and halal markets they must be explored at different levels of the social scale. This conclusion is organised around three keywords from the book’s title: religion, regulation and consumption. We conclude on these themes by bringing in a few examples from preceding chapters and by reflecting on the ‘bigger picture’ these conclusions evoke. 

scholarly journals Lost in Transition? Employment and Family Change for Mid-Life Men

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Callister
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Newspaper Article ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Disability Benefit ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Social Expectation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk

Under the provocative title ‘Useless, jobless men – the social blight of our age’?, a May 2010 British newspaper article posed the question as to whether the UK benefits system has produced an ‘emasculated’ generation of men who can find neither work nor a wife. Informed by a review of international literature, we use census, HLFS and benefit data to explore these issues within a New Zealand context. We demonstrate how a group of mid life males on the margins of work and family life have emerged in New Zealand and show how this has been drivenbyanumberofchangesinlabourmarkets,particularlyinrelationtothelowskilled; inmarriagemarkets;andthroughtheworkingsof the benefit system. Although our research suggests that the size of this marginalised group is relatively small, the men we are concerned about are at the heart of a number of difficult contemporary policy issues such as the rise in disability benefit receipt and incarceration. Historically, low skilled males were a major focus of policy ­ the breadwinner model ­ which focussed on reinforcing the social expectation that men’s role was in work and married. We suggest there now needs to be a renewed policy focus on this group. However rather than attempting to return the world to the 1950s, the task for policy makers is to consider how best to create policy settings that are effective for the contemporary structure of work and family life.

scholarly journals Ethos de violência, uma reflexão discursiva sobre comunidades virtuais que agridem professores

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-91
Author(s):  
Morgana Soares da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Social Networking Websites ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Interpretative Research

RESUMO:Este artigo investiga a questão de pesquisa Como se caracteriza o ethos de violência e quais as diferenças entre os sites de redes sociais Orkut, Facebook e Twitter, no que tange à construção desse fenômeno discursivo? Objetiva-se, portanto, analisar os diferentes níveis de ethos de violência encontrados nesses sites de redes sociais, comparando-os e categorizando seus tipos. Para tanto, desenvolve-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo documental e empírico-interpretativa, com emprego do método indutivo na análise de um corpus composto por 30 páginas iniciais de sites de redes sociais. As análises dos dados fundamentam-se teoricamente na Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, com base essencialmente nas pesquisas de Maingueneau (2016, 2013, 2010, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1995), e constata três categorias dos ethos de violência, a saber: a) Ethos vinculado a representações de agressão física; b) Ethos vinculado a representações de ofensa moral; c) Ethos vinculado a representações de intolerância. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ethos de violência; ethos discursivo; redes sociais; comunidades virtuais; ciberviolência contra professores.   ABSTRACT:This article investigates the research question How is the ethos of violence characterized and what are the differences among the social networking websites Orkut, Facebook and Twitter, regarding the construction of this discursive phenomenon? The objective is to analyze the different levels of ethos of violence found in these social networking websites, comparing them and categorizing their types. For that, a qualitative, documentary and empirical-interpretative research is developed, using the inductive method in the analysis of a corpus composed of 30 initial pages of virtual social networks. The analysis of the data is theoretically based on the analysis of the French Speech Discourse, based essentially on Maingueneau's research (2016, 2013, 2010, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1995). Ethos of violence, namely: a) Ethos linked to representations of physical aggression; B) Ethos linked to representations of moral offense; C) Ethos linked to representations of intolerance. KEYWORDS: ethos of violence; discursive ethos; social networks; virtual communities; cyberviolence against teachers.

Understanding How Sustainability Initiatives Fail: A Framework to Aid Design of Effective Interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-324
Author(s):  
Aaron R. Brough ◽  
Grant E. Donnelly ◽  
Vladas Griskevicius ◽  
Ezra M. Markowitz ◽  
Kaitlin T. Raimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Marketing ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Sustainability Initiatives ◽  
Type Of Failure ◽  
Different Levels

Background: Many sustainability initiatives are successful and produce results that benefit the environment. However, others miss the mark and fail to produce the desired outcome. Past research has typically focused on understanding why initiatives fail, without first considering differences in how they fail. Focus of the Article: This manuscript is related to Research and Evaluation—specifically, the social marketing concept it focuses on is evaluating the outcome of sustainability initiatives. Research Question: What are the different ways in which sustainability initiatives can fail? Program Design/Approach: A multi-day workshop of interdisciplinary behavioral sustainability scholars led to the identification of five systematic differences in how sustainability initiatives can fail, suggesting that failure can take on not only different levels of severity, but different forms altogether. Within this framework, we provide examples of each type of failure. Importance to the Social Marketing Field: We argue that diagnosing how instead of just why an initiative fails offers important insights that can reduce the likelihood of future failures—insights that may be missed by a narrow focus on the why behind any given failure. Recommendations for Research or Practice: The identification of the different ways in which sustainability initiatives fail can lead to improvements in the design and implementation of behavioral interventions, facilitating successful sustainability outcomes and preventing unintended outcomes. Specific recommendations are discussed for each type of failure. Limitations: The examples in our framework are not exhaustive, but are instead intended to be illustrative exemplars of each type of failure. Moreover, as our focus is on how sustainability initiatives fail, we do not attempt to diagnose why particular initiatives fail.

scholarly journals A qualitative study exploring the social and environmental context of recently acquired HIV infection among men who have sex with men in South-East England

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e016494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle Gourlay ◽  
Julie Fox ◽  
Mitzy Gafos ◽  
Sarah Fidler ◽  
Nneka Nwokolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hiv Seroconversion ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Acquisition ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Different Levels

ObjectivesA key UK public health priority is to reduce HIV incidence among gay and other men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to explore the social and environmental context in which new HIV infections occurred among MSM in London and Brighton in 2015.DesignA qualitative descriptive study, comprising in-depth interviews, was carried out as a substudy to the UK Register of HIV Seroconverters cohort: an observational cohort of individuals whose date of HIV seroconversion was well estimated. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted in NVivo, guided by a socio-ecological framework.SettingParticipants were recruited from six HIV clinics in London and Brighton. Fieldwork was conducted between January and April 2015.ParticipantsAll MSM eligible for the UK Register Seroconverter cohort (an HIV-positive antibody test result within 12 months of their last documented HIV-negative test or other laboratory evidence of HIV seroconversion) diagnosed within the past 12 months and aged ≥18 were eligible for the qualitative substudy. 21 MSM participated, aged 22–61 years and predominantly white.ResultsA complex interplay of factors, operating at different levels, influenced risk behaviours and HIV acquisition. Participants saw risk as multi-factorial, but the relative importance of factors varied for each person. Individual psycho-social factors, including personal history, recent life stressors and mental health, enhanced vulnerability towards higher risk situations, while features of the social environment, such as chemsex and social media, and prevalent community beliefs regarding treatment and HIV normalisation, encouraged risk taking.ConclusionsRecently acquired HIV infection among MSM reflects a complex web of factors operating at different levels. These findings point to the need for multi-level interventions to reduce the risk of HIV acquisition among high-risk MSM in the UK and similar settings.

scholarly journals Inference of a universal social scale and segregation measures using social connectivity kernels

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (171) ◽  
pp. 20200638
Author(s):  
Till Hoffmann ◽  
Nick S. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Friendship Networks ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Bayesian Paradigm ◽  
Social Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Independent Edge ◽  
Powerful Explanation ◽  
The Uk

How people connect with one another is a fundamental question in the social sciences, and the resulting social networks can have a profound impact on our daily lives. Blau offered a powerful explanation: people connect with one another based on their positions in a social space. Yet a principled measure of social distance, allowing comparison within and between societies, remains elusive. We use the connectivity kernel of conditionally independent edge models to develop a family of segregation statistics with desirable properties: they offer an intuitive and universal characteristic scale on social space (facilitating comparison across datasets and societies), are applicable to multivariate and mixed node attributes, and capture segregation at the level of individuals, pairs of individuals and society as a whole. We show that the segregation statistics can induce a metric on Blau space (a space spanned by the attributes of the members of society) and provide maps of two societies. Under a Bayesian paradigm, we infer the parameters of the connectivity kernel from 11 ego-network datasets collected in four surveys in the UK and USA. The importance of different dimensions of Blau space is similar across time and location, suggesting a macroscopically stable social fabric. Physical separation and age differences have the most significant impact on segregation within friendship networks with implications for intergenerational mixing and isolation in later stages of life.

scholarly journals Families ‘At Risk’ and the Family Nurse Partnership: The Intrusion of Risk into Social Exclusion Policy

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNELIESE DODDS
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Family Nurse Partnership

AbstractThis article considers why the family nurse partnership (FNP) has been promoted as a means of tackling social exclusion in the UK. The FNP consists in a programme of visits by nurses to low-income first-time mothers, both while the mothers are pregnant and for the first two years following birth. The FNP is focused on both teaching parenthood and encouraging mothers back into education and/or into employment. Although the FNP marks a considerable discontinuity with previous approaches to family health, it is congruent with an emerging new approach to social exclusion. This new approach maintains that the most important task of social policy is to identify quickly the most ‘at-risk’ households, individuals and children so that interventions can be targeted more effectively at those ‘at risk’, either to themselves or to others. The article illustrates this new approach by analysing a succession of reports by the Social Exclusion Unit. It indicates that there is a considerable amount of ambiguity about the relationship between specific risk-factors and being ‘at risk of social exclusion’. Nonetheless, this new approach helps to explain why British policy-makers may have chosen to promote the new FNP now.

scholarly journals Membership categorisation and antagonistic Twitter formulations

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Housley ◽  
Helena Webb ◽  
Adam Edwards ◽  
Rob Procter ◽  
Marina Jirotka
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Media Ecology ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Membership Category ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Different Levels

During the course of this article, we examine the use of membership categorisation practices by a high-profile celebrity public social media account that has been understood to generate interest, attention and controversy across the UK (and wider European) media ecology. We utilise a data set of harvested tweets gathered from a high-profile public ‘celebrity antagonist’ in order to systematically identify types of antagonistic formulation that have generated different levels of interest within the social media community and beyond. Drawing from classic ethnomethodological studies of banner headlines and other means of generating public interest and ‘making sense’, we respecify high-profile antagonistic tweets as category formulations that exhibit particular and regular membership category features that are reflexively bound to potential antagonistic readings, interest and controversy. In conclusion, we consider how such formulations may be understood to represent resources that constitute ignition points within antagonistic flows of communication and information that can be metaphorically understood as ‘digital wildfires’.

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