scholarly journals Ethnic groups’ spatial localization as a voting factor in national republics of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Panov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Localization ◽  
The Russian Federation

Localization of Ethnic Groups in the Regions as a Factor in Cross-Regional Variations in Voting for United Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-153
Author(s):  
Eleonora Minaeva ◽  
Petr Panov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Political Mobilization ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Political Machines ◽  
Ethnic Networks ◽  
Electoral Authoritarianism ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
The Russian Federation

Abstract In the context of electoral authoritarianism, political mobilization is likely to be a more reasonable explanation of cross-regional variations in voting for the party of power than the diversity of the regions’ policy preferences. In the Russian Federation, the political machines which coordinate various activities aimed at mobilizing people to vote for United Russia demonstrate different degrees of effectiveness. This article examines the structural factors that facilitate machine politics focusing on ethnic networks. Although strong ethnic networks are more likely to arise if the members of an ethnic group live close to each other, and at the same time separately from other ethnic groups, so far researchers have neglected to consider the localization of ethnic groups within the territory of an administrative unit as a factor. In order to fill the gap, we have created an original geo-referenced dataset of the localization of non-Russian ethnic groups within every region of the Russian Federation, and developed special GIS (geographic information systems) techniques and tools to measure them in relation to the Russian population. This has made it possible to include the localization of ethnic groups as a variable in the study of cross-regional differences in voting for United Russia. Our analysis finds that the effect of non-Russians’ share of the population on voting for UR increases significantly if non-Russian groups are at least partially geographically segregated from Russians within a region.

Influence of ethical groups on regional policy (on the example of the Republic of Kalmykia)

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
D. Naranova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

To consider the main directions and extent of influence of ethical groups on political processes in the Republic of Kalmykia.The authors analyzed scientific research on the ethnic identity of the Kalmyk people, as well as media materials and statistical data on the cause and effect of the influence of ethnic groups on regional policy. Seven key areas of influence of the Kalmyks, as a titular nation, on political processes in the region, including through the formation of an ethnic majority among senior positions in the authorities of the subject of the Russian Federation, were identified. The theoretical significance of the study is due to the complex systematization of facts about the influence of the ethnodominating nation of the Republic of Kalmykia on political processes in the region. The practical significance is expressed in the proposal of specific recommendations for partial stabilization of the situation in the Republic.

Diasporas with a Difference: Jewish and Georgian Teenagers’ Ethnic Identity in the Russian Federation

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-353
Author(s):  
Fran Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Stuart Hall ◽  
The Russian Federation

Ever since the late 1960s, when Fredrik Barth urged us to move away from the idea that ethnicity is constituted by “cultural stufT and to focus instead on the boundary that demarcates groups, anthropologists (and their perhaps more radical half-siblings in cultural studies) have cast into doubt the primordial or essentialist nature of ethnic groups, to say nothing of ethnic identity. Earlier studies focused on the groups themselves—how they display and are constrained by their identity as immigrants, minorities, ethnics, “persistent peoples,” and even “marginal men” (sic)—while more recent investigations have taken up the “borderlands” where groups meet, confront each other (Rosaldo; Rouse), and become zones of hybridized cultural production (Bhabha). In a related vein, ethnicity is also explored as one of many possible intersections of power and culture, and ethnic identity becomes a crazy-quilt of namings and “being-called” (Probyn 25). Indeed, Stuart Hall informs us that “identities are never unified, and in late modem times, increasingly fragmented and fractured, never singular but multiply constructed across different, often intersecting and antagonistic discourses, practices and positions” (4, emphasis added).

The futures of ethnic groups in the Russian Federation

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Kupiszewski ◽  
Dorota Kupiszewska ◽  
Zuzanna Brunarska
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Federation

scholarly journals Displacement of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia: history and modernity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Viktorovna Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Khabarovsk Krai ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Sakha Republic ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation

The subject of this research is displacement of the indigenous small-numbered peoples in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia. The object is the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North residing in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Irkutsk Oblast, Zabaykalsky Krai, Amur Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. These constituent entities of the Russian Federation have contiguous territories with the Sakha Republic. The author examines the displacement and size of the indigenous population of the regions of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia. Special attention is given to clarification of the places of traditional dwelling of the indigenous small-numbered peoples in the aforementioned regions of the Russian Federation. It is established that the following ethnic groups reside in the territory contiguous to Yakutia: Dolgans, Evenks, Evens, Yukaghirs and Chukchi. The areas of residence of the listed ethnic groups border with the areas of settlement of the corresponding indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North in the territory of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The author’s special contribution lies in the analysis of displacement and size of the indigenous population in the regions of the Russian Federation neighboring with Yakutia on the local level. The novelty of consists in the territorial analysis of the places of traditional dwelling of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North.

scholarly journals Perception and Verbalization of Somatic (Bodily) Codes of Culture in the Conditions of Bilingualism and Biculturalism

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-378
Author(s):  
Svetlana S. Shlyakhova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Verbal Responses ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Perm Region

The article is devoted to the perception and verbalization of somatic (bodily) codes of culture in the conditions of bilingualism and biculturalism. The ability of Komi-Permian bilinguals to identify somatic codes of their culture was revealed. The experiment was conducted in the form of an individual questionnaire in the Komi-Permyak district of the Perm region of the Russian Federation. The experimental material was created using the method of generalized portrait. Two images of real girls (Komi-Permyak and Russian) were superimposed on each other with the help of Face Morph program. “Artificial” person is obtained as a result, which combines somatics representatives of two non-related ethnic groups (Indo-European and Finno-Ugric). Three images (Russian, Komi-Permyak and “artificial” faces) were presented to respondents. It is established that the Komi-Permians recognize faces somatic code well. In the conditions of bilingualism and biculturalism somatic codes of culture in the consciousness of Komi-Perm change more slowly than in Russian. 62% of Komi-Permyaks choose the face of their ethnic group. The Komi-Permians “artificial” person likes least of all (9% of respondents). 29% of the Komi-Perm choose Russian face. Interpretation of the code is a subjective process and often depends on personal perception in the control groups of Russians. Russians choose an “artificial” person is 4 times more often than the Komi-Permians. Choose more often (52%), Komi-Permyatskiy face the Russians, who constantly live in the Permian Komi district. Russians who are not affected by Komi-Permyak culture choose Komi-Permyak face in 42% of cases. Russians Komi-Perm district choose the Russian face 6 times less likely (8,7%) than  face of Komi-Permyaks (52%). Komi-Permians choose a Russian face 3 times more often (29%) than the Russians themselves. The analysis of verbal responses showed that the physicality in the minds of the Komi-Perm with mental and moral characteristics, not physical. These characteristics are actual bodily identifiers for the Komi-Permians.

Cause without a Rebel: Kazakhstan's Unionist Nationalism in the USSR and CIS

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry E. Hale
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Political Integration ◽  
Distinct Region ◽  
Great Cost ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Separatist Movements

Why would elites or masses in an ethnically distinct region ever opt for “alien rule” over national independence? While separatist movements tend to create the most drama and make the most headlines, mass media and most scholarly accounts pay far less attention to ethnic groups opting to stay in a union state dominated by other groups. Yet such unionist groups are surely more numerous than the separatist ones. Indeed, in the neighborhood of almost every separatist region in a given multi-ethnic state, one can find one or more unionist groups, such as the Yoruba during Nigeria's Biafran Civil War, the Ingush as Chechnya battled the Russian Federation, and the Kannadigas at the peak of Kashmir's struggle for independence from India. Sometimes, unionist groups advocate political integration despite seeming to have every reason to seek secession. Such groups are neglected by analysts only at great cost, because it is precisely these groups that are likely to hold the key to understanding how distinct groups can come to live together in peace.

Interethnic differences in the prevalence of main cardiovascular pharmacogenetic biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 677-694
Author(s):  
Karin Mirzaev ◽  
Sherzod Abdullaev ◽  
Kristina Akmalova ◽  
Jeannette Sozaeva ◽  
Elena Grishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Northern Caucasus ◽  
Interethnic Differences ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP2C19, ABCB1, CYP2D6 and SLCO1B1 genes polymorphisms among residents of the Volga region (Chuvash and Mari) and northern Caucasus (Kabardins and Ossetians). Materials & methods: The study involved 845 apparently healthy volunteers of both sexes of the four different ethnic groups living in the Russian Federation: 238 from the Chuvash ethnic group, 206 Mari, 157 Kabardins and 244 Ossetians. Results: Significant differences were identified in allele frequency of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP2C19, ABCB1, CYP2D6 and SLCO1B1 genes polymorphisms between the Chuvash and Kabardins, Chuvash and Ossetians, Mari and Kabardians, Mari and Ossetians.

scholarly journals Ethnic Differences in the Frequency of CFTR Gene Mutations in Populations of the European and North Caucasian Part of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nika Petrova ◽  
Natalia Balinova ◽  
Andrey Marakhonov ◽  
Tatyana Vasilyeva ◽  
Nataliya Kashirskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Monogenic Disease ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Volga Ural Region

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common monogenic disease caused by pathogenic variants in the CFTR gene. The distribution and frequency of CFTR variants vary in different countries and ethnic groups. The spectrum of pathogenic variants of the CFTR gene was previously studied in more than 1,500 CF patients from different regions of the European and North Caucasian region of Russia and the spectrum of the most frequent pathogenic variants of the CFTR gene and ethnic features of their distribution were determined. To assess the population frequency of CFTR gene mutations some of the common variants were analyzed in the samples of healthy unrelated individuals from the populations of the European part of the Russian Federation: 1,324 Russians from four European regions (Pskov, Tver, Rostov, and Kirov regions), representatives of five indigenous ethnic groups of the Volga-Ural region [Mari (n = 505), Udmurts (n = 613), Chuvash (n = 780), Tatars (n = 704), Bashkirs (n = 517)], and six ethnic groups of the North Caucasus [Karachay (n = 324), Nogais (n = 118), Circassians (n = 102), Abazins (n = 128), Ossetians (n = 310), and Chechens (n = 100)]. The frequency of common CFTR mutations was established in studied ethnic groups. The frequency of F508del mutation in Russians was found to be 0.0056 on average, varying between four regions, from 0.0027 in the Pskov region to 0.0069 in the Rostov region. Three variants W1282X, 1677delTA, and F508del were identified in the samples from the North Caucasian populations: in Karachay, the frequency of W1282X mutation was 0.0092, 1677delTA mutation – 0.0032; W1282X mutation in the Nogais sample – 0.0127, the frequency of F508del mutations was 0.0098 and 1677delTA – 0.0098 in Circassians; in Abazins F508del (0.0039), W1282X (0.0039) and 1677delTA (0.0117) mutations were found. In the indigenous peoples of the Volga-Ural region, the maximum frequency of the F508del mutation was detected in the Tatar population (0.099), while this mutation was never detected in the Mari and Bashkir populations. The E92K variant was found in Chuvash and Tatar populations. Thus, interethnic differences in the spectra of CFTR gene variants were shown both in CF patients and in healthy population of the European and North Caucasian part of Russia.

scholarly journals Association of polymorphic loci of susceptibility to diabetes mellitus type 2 in various ethnic groups of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-272
Author(s):  
D. S. Avzaletdinova ◽  
T. V. Morugova ◽  
L. F. Sharipova ◽  
O. V. Kochetova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time

The multifactorial nature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) was confirmed by numerous researches. The first investigations devoted to molecular-genetic mechanisms of T2D were carried out on the basis of linkage disequilibrium (LD) studying and later the candidate genes of T2D have begun investigated. We have analyzed the literature data including the case-control studies in populations of Russia. There were revealed 33 genes and 65 polymorphic markers in the analyzed works. The analysis of association of T2D in the ethnic groups of Russian Federation was carried out on following genes: ABCC8, ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, C2CD4A/C2CD4A, CDKAL1, ­CDKN2A/2B, CCL11, CCL20, CCL5, CYBA, FABP2, FTO, GCLC, GPX2, GSTP1, GSTT1, HHEX/IDE, IGF2BP2, IRS1, KCNJ11, KCNQ1, LPL, LRP5, MC4R, PPARG, SLC2A2, SLC30A8, SLC30A8, TCF7L2, TMEM18, WFS1, ZFAND6. The major of studies are replicative, i.e. repeating previous investigations of foreign authors, and were performed on Russian, Tatar and Yakut populations. At the same time not all the loci of genetic susceptibility have demonstrated the association with T2D in the population of Russia. In this work the systematic review of studies of molecular-genetic markers of T2D in the ethnic groups of Russian Federation was made for the first time.

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