scholarly journals DIGITAL MODELING OF EARTH'S SURFACE RELIEF

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Vasić
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Surface Relief ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Digital Modeling ◽  
Modeling Data ◽  
Mathematical Foundations

This paper presents the theoretical basis for the development of the Earth's surface relief digital models. The sources and structure of the modeling data, as well as the methods of their processing, are described, depending on the spatial-temporal properties of the Earth's surface. Digital relief models have great significance and wide application in modern geodetic works. Representation of the spatial structure of the relief can be done with different methods of interpolation. In this paper their mathematical foundations are also given. General indicators of the quality of digital relief models are briefly described.

scholarly journals The roles and mechanisms of hypoxia in liver fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyao Cai ◽  
Min Hu ◽  
Zhiyang Chen ◽  
Zeng Ling
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Chronic Liver Injury ◽  
Key Factor

AbstractLiver fibrosis occurs in response to any etiology of chronic liver injury. Lack of appropriate clinical intervention will lead to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), seriously affecting the quality of life of patients, but the current clinical treatments of liver fibrosis have not been developed yet. Recent studies have shown that hypoxia is a key factor promoting the progression of liver fibrosis. Hypoxia can cause liver fibrosis. Liver fibrosis can, in turn, profoundly further deepen the degree of hypoxia. Therefore, exploring the role of hypoxia in liver fibrosis will help to further understand the process of liver fibrosis, and provide the theoretical basis for its diagnosis and treatment, which is of great significance to avoid further deterioration of liver diseases and protect the life and health of patients. This review highlights the recent advances in cellular and molecular mechanisms of hypoxia in developments of liver fibrosis.

scholarly journals Mobile Apps for Oral Health Promotion: Content Review and Heuristic Usability Analysis (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooks Tiffany ◽  
Paula Blasi ◽  
Sheryl L Catz ◽  
Jennifer B McClure
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Health Promotion ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Mhealth Apps

BACKGROUND There has been an increase in consumer-facing mobile health (mHealth) apps in recent years. Prior reviews have characterized the availability, usability, or quality of popular mHealth apps targeting a range of health behaviors, but none has examined apps that promote better oral health care. Oral disease affects billions of people worldwide and mobile phone use is on the rise, so the market for well-designed and effective oral health apps is substantial. OBJECTIVE We examined the content and usability of popular oral health promotion apps to better understand the current state of these self-help interventions and inform the need and opportunity for future app development. METHODS Between February and March 2018, we identified oral health-focused apps that were designed for Android or iOS, available in English, and targeted adult consumers (as opposed to children or dental health professionals). The sample was limited to the most popular and highly rated apps on each platform. For each app reviewed, we assessed its basic descriptive characteristics (eg, platform, cost), evidence of a theoretical basis or empirical validation, key program functionality, and the extent to which the app addressed diet and tobacco and alcohol use as risk factors for oral disease. We characterized the framing (ie, gain vs loss) of all persuasive messaging and conducted a heuristic analysis to assess each app’s usability as a persuasive health technology. RESULTS Thirty-three apps were eligible for review based on the selection criteria. Two-thirds (22/33, 67%) were geared toward the general public as opposed to dental clinic patients, insurance plan members, or owners of specific electric toothbrushes. Most (31/33, 94%) were free to download, and a majority (19/33, 58%) were sponsored by software developers as opposed to oral health experts. None offered any theoretical basis for the content or had been empirically validated. Common program features included tools for tracking or reminding one to brush their teeth and assistance scheduling dental appointments. Nineteen apps (58%) included educational or persuasive content intended to influence oral health behavior. Only 32% (6/19) of these included a larger proportion of gain-framed than loss-framed messaging. Most of the apps did not mention diet, alcohol or tobacco—important risk factors for oral disease. Overall, the apps performed poorly on standard usability heuristics recommended for persuasive health technologies. CONCLUSIONS The quality of the reviewed apps was generally poor. Important opportunities exist to develop oral health promotion apps that have theoretically grounded content, are empirically validated, and adhere to good design principles for persuasive health technologies.

scholarly journals Features of Measuring the Subjective Quality of Life in Different Diagnostic Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
G.M. Golovina ◽  
T.N. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Subjective Quality ◽  
Cognitive Factor ◽  
Subjective Quality Of Life ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches

In this paper, the measurements of the subjective quality of life were correlated in different diagnostic approaches, for which the correspondence of the subjective quality of life was measured by means of the SQL scale methodology (Savchenko, Golovina, 2007) and the SCLL questionnaire (Eksakusto, Zaichenko, 2012). The study of the correlation of concepts and scales of two methods having a common theoretical basis, but a different kind of presentation of the points of the techniques, is carried out. It turned out that the similarly or identically named scales and concepts (values) in the two questionnaires significantly correlated. A comparison of the reconstructed factor structures showed the correspondence between the factors of the SQL and the SQL. Both methods allowed to speak about the factor of “emotional and physical health”, the cognitive factor or the factor of “personal growth” and the factor of “famely”, which indicates the compliance of measuring the subjective quality of life and satisfaction with it in both methods, and accordingly, the possibility of using a compact questionnaire as a valid instrument.

scholarly journals Psychological and pedagogical aspects of chemistry distant teaching to foreign university entrants

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
Olga Yuryevna Afanasyeva
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Short Time ◽  
University Training ◽  
Class Interaction ◽  
Mental Actions ◽  
Higher Medical Education

Chemistry is one of the most important courses in the system of pre-university training of prospective specialists with higher medical education. During the pandemic, we had to face some problems when organizing chemistry distance learning. There was a lack of data and opportunities for out-of-class interaction with students, since it was necessary to switch to the remote format in a very short time, literally within a few days. It was necessary to develop a model and methodological support to teach chemistry in the distant format and develop relevant professional competencies. The theoretical basis of the research is the theory of the planned development of mental actions and concepts and activities. Analyzing the results, we came to the conclusion that the implementation of this approach increased the motivation of university entrants to study chemistry. Methodological materials helped to improve the quality of training specifically for foreign entrants who did not know Russian well. The results of the final testing made it possible to conclude that the use of distance education or its elements in pre-university chemistry training is promising, necessary and expedient. All students in one way or another coped with the final certification and received certificates that allow them to continue their studies at a medical university.

scholarly journals Research of urban agglomerations in the aspect of implementation of the administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine (case study of Kharkiv region)

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Territorial Structure

In the modern context of, one of the main tasks in the regional development management is to optimally realize the complex potential of the territories, which requires a comprehensive study of the spatial structure and evolutionary potential of agglomerations of all levels in order to identify disparities in their development, correct imbalances and optimize the spatial organization of the region. The first step to solve this problem is to identify the spatial structure and evaluate the interconnections of agglomerations sequentially, from local to regional level. This is becoming more relevant in the context of administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine. The purpose of this study is to analyze the prospects for the development of urban agglomerations and the organization of the administrative and territorial structure of Kharkiv region in view of the prevailing influence of the city of Kharkiv and the Kharkiv agglomeration. The basic theoretical and methodological starting points of the study of urban agglomerations are presented; their characteristics and parameters of boundary determination were defined. The essence of the method of modeling of integral influence function (IIF modeling) was revealed, the author's research methodology was substantiated. The tendencies of introduction of administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine were analyzed. It was established that Kharkiv region occupies mediocre places in terms of formation of the united territorial communities, there were 23 ones in the oblast (3 of them are city, 12 town, 8 rural ones) by the end of 2019. The scheme for dividing into enlarged districts has not yet been approved. According to different plans / proposals, the existing 27 districts of the oblast should be consolidated into nine, seven, six or four enlarged districts (counties). All of the above proposals were considered by the authors, it is established that the existing projects do not fully cover the main prevailing factors of allocation of competitive districts, do not take into account the role of historically formed system of settlement, spatial-statistical parameters, integral potential of territories, urbanization and agglomeration. The authors performed the IIF modeling and constructed the IIF surface of the weighted average settlement potential of Kharkiv region by the base radius of influence (2, 10, 20, and 30 km), which allowed to determine the features of the Kharkov agglomeration structure and the interaction of the settlements in the region by different radiuses of interaction, primary agglomerations, prospective growth points. On the basis of the obtained results of IIF modeling, the author's model of administrative and territorial division of Kharkiv region into eight enlarged districts was proposed, given the specific features of the settlement system and the correlation of area and population of the modeled administrative and territorial units. The scientifically grounded division of the region into enlarged districts (counties) and stimulation of their development will contribute to the most complete and rational use of the territories potential, increase of economic, human, investment potential, rise of the level and quality of life of the population, etc.

scholarly journals Construction of Evaluation Model of Dynamic Stratified Grade Point of Automobile Electrical System Diagnosis Course

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jingbing Lu ◽  
Weiqin Diao
Keyword(s):  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Electrical System ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Accurate Evaluation ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
System Diagnosis

The accurate evaluation of a course determines the quality of learning and is the basis for evaluating the students' academic achievements. This paper, on the theoretical basis of grade point, builds a dynamic stratified GPA (Grade Point Average) evaluation model for the course Automotive Electrical System Diagnosis, focuses on the whole process assessment and aims to stimulate the enthusiasm of learning to meet the demands of the training of social skilled talents.

Mixed Composite Frostproof Pumping Agent Winter of Common Concrete Construction Quality Monitoring and Research

2011 ◽  
Vol 99-100 ◽  
pp. 768-772
Author(s):  
Ming Ru Zhou ◽  
Hao Jie Zhang ◽  
Ying He ◽  
Zhao Feng Ding ◽  
Xing Zhou Luo
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Construction Quality ◽  
Concrete Construction ◽  
Ordinary Concrete ◽  
Maintenance Time ◽  
Reconstruction Project

Combining with a large number of concrete test and the moving reconstruction project of Qingyang petrochemical about three million tons, by adjusting “advance maintenance time”, monitor and research on the construction quality of mixed composite pumping antifreeze ordinary concrete in winter. Then provide reference and theoretical basis for construction of this winter antifreeze mixed composite pumping concrete.

Digital Modeling for Bioarchaeologists

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel D. Wrobel ◽  
Jack A. Biggs ◽  
Amy L. Hair
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
Digital Repositories ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Digital Modeling

ABSTRACTThe creation of digital repositories of human skeletal remains offers bioarchaeologists a variety of potential means of aiding efforts related to curation and analysis. We present a discussion of how issues of preservation and access can affect research and argue that digital repositories not only maintain a record of objects but that the digital format allows researchers to expand their studies to include otherwise inaccessible collections. Digital models can be utilized by bioarchaeologists to collect and analyze a wide variety of quantitative and qualitative data. We review several digital capture methods employed by bioarchaeologists, including CT scanning, laser scanning, and photogrammetry. While photogrammetry is underutilized by bioarchaeologists, we point out its many advantages over other methods.

scholarly journals The Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) Limb Profiler (LP) Version 1 aerosol extinction retrieval algorithm: theoretical basis

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2633-2651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Loughman ◽  
Pawan K. Bhartia ◽  
Zhong Chen ◽  
Philippe Xu ◽  
Ernest Nyaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Shell ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Relaxation Method ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Aerosol Extinction ◽  
Horizontal Variations

Abstract. The theoretical basis of the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) Limb Profiler (LP) Version 1 aerosol extinction retrieval algorithm is presented. The algorithm uses an assumed bimodal lognormal aerosol size distribution to retrieve aerosol extinction profiles at 675 nm from OMPS LP radiance measurements. A first-guess aerosol extinction profile is updated by iteration using the Chahine nonlinear relaxation method, based on comparisons between the measured radiance profile at 675 nm and the radiance profile calculated by the Gauss–Seidel limb-scattering (GSLS) radiative transfer model for a spherical-shell atmosphere. This algorithm is discussed in the context of previous limb-scattering aerosol extinction retrieval algorithms, and the most significant error sources are enumerated. The retrieval algorithm is limited primarily by uncertainty about the aerosol phase function. Horizontal variations in aerosol extinction, which violate the spherical-shell atmosphere assumed in the version 1 algorithm, may also limit the quality of the retrieved aerosol extinction profiles significantly.

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