scholarly journals Analysis and security of crypto currency wallets

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevo Jokić
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Internet Connection ◽  
Current State ◽  
Crypto Currency ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Second Category ◽  
Digital Wallets

A digital wallet is an electrical device or application troughwhich users can preform different types of transactions. They aredivided into two categories of cold and hot digital wallets. Thefirst category includes digital wallets that require an internetconnection and the second category includes digital wallets thatdo not require internet connection. When selecting a wallet, it isnecessary to determine the purpose of using a wallet and thenmake a purchase. The use of digital wallets is reflected in variouscharacteristics. The convenience of using the ability to execute amobile phone transaction in matter of seconds. Efficiency isreflected in the speed of transaction execution. Data organizationis one of the key features of digital wallets. The cost of usingdigital wallets is far less than the traditional way to carry outtransactions, which includes different commissions andpayments. Security of digital wallets is at high level. Every daythere is a growing need for their use because of security, speed,transactions between two users without third party assistance.This paper describes the current state of digital wallets on themarket, the choices of a better solution for purchasing and usingdigital wallets, security of digital wallets and future trends intheir development.

Criteria for the Evaluation of Social Policy Effectiveness of States

2014 ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
V. Sautkina
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
State Control ◽  
National Education ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost

The following article is devoted to the study of current state of national education and healthcare systems. The cost of services in these areas constantly increases, there for even developed countries are forced to make significant efforts in order to maintain earlier achieved results. Due to this reason countries entered into the period of constant reforms with the purpose of maintaining that high level of health and educational services for all segments of population with a constant reduction of its volume of financing. The legal aspects of these changes are requiring manifestation of the will of politicians in order to overcome the opposition of parties which are defending their interests. As an example, the main opponents of the healthcare reforms proposed by Barak Obama in the USA are Republicans who are concerned about a significant increase of a state control over the entire national insurance system. The author comes to the conclusion that only joint actions of the government and every segment of population might actually improve the quality of medical and educational services.

scholarly journals Optimization of open flow controller placement in software defined networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 3145
Author(s):  
Raghda Salam Al mahdawi ◽  
Huda M. Salih
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Open Flow ◽  
Processing Power ◽  
Input Size ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Network Topologies ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost

The world is entering into the era of Big Data where computer networks are an essential part. However, the current network architecture is not very convenient to configure such leap. Software defined network (SDN) is a new network architecture which argues the separation of control and data planes of the network devices by centralizing the former in high level, centralised devices and efficient supervisors, called controllers. This paper proposes a mathematical model that helps optimizing the locations of the controllers within the network while minimizing the overall cost under realistic constrains. Our method includes finding the minimum cost of placing the controllers; these costs are the network latency, controller processing power and link bandwidth. Different types of network topologies have been adopted to consider the data profile of the controllers, links of controllers and locations of switches. The results showed that as the size of input data increased, the time to find the optimal solution also increased in a non-polynomial time. In addition, the cost of solution is increased linearly with the input size. Furthermore, when increasing allocating possible locations of the controllers, for the same number of switches, the cost was found to be less.

scholarly journals MEDIATION – CURRENT STATE OF USE IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Faton Shabani
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Negotiated Settlement ◽  
Construction Disputes ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Privacy And Confidentiality

Mediation is a flexible, non-binding dispute resolution method in which a neutral (impartial) third party (mediator) helps two or more disputes to reach a voluntary, negotiated settlement of their disputes. Mediation, emerging strongly as an alternative method of dispute resolution (with the help of neutral third party), has made litigation today not to be treated as the only option for dispute resolution between individuals and businesses. As a means for resolving disputes it has found application especially in business, labor, family, insurance, consumer and construction disputes. The cost, speed and expertise of resolving disputes are some of the key factors that attract individuals, businesses, organizations but also state bodies and institutions to support and promote mediation in this era of globalization and life and activity exposed to the dynamics of contemporary developments. Added to this, however, is the acceptance in the vast majority of cases of dispute resolution reached by both parties to the dispute, but also the privacy and confidentiality of the resolution of their case. Despite the fact that mediation internationally has already been seriously established in the area of dispute resolution, in the Republic of North Macedonia, the legal framework and implementation in practice is at the forefront. For this reason, in addition to the empirical, descriptive and normative treatment, the author through the methods of analysis, synthesis and statistical method processes the official results of the Ministry of Justice to give a clear picture of the trends of the use of mediation in dispute resolution over a period of 5 years (2016-2020) in the Republic of North Macedonia.

Rough Roads Ahead 2: Economic Implications of Deteriorating Highway Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (46) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Becky Knudson ◽  
Alex Bettinardi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Standards ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Strategic Investment ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Current State ◽  
Strategic Assessment ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost

This study presents a high-level, strategic assessment of the long-range implications of Oregon’s current forecast budget for highways. The current highway budget is insufficient to meet current state goals with respect to transportation system condition, requiring the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) to prepare for strategic investment decisions. ODOT must conceive new ways to develop the most efficient use and management of facilities while accepting lower performance standards, shifted use of deteriorating facilities, and the need to allocate resources to priority locations.The Oregon Statewide Integrated Model was used to evaluate three hypothetical scenarios over a 20-year period, representing investment strategies implemented with budget increases and compared with the current 20-year forecast budget. The purpose of the analysis was to evaluate the potential impact of highway disinvestment on Oregon’s economic competitiveness. The primary focus was on bridges, as over half of Oregon’s bridges are nearing the end of their life cycle. Weight-restricted bridges significantly impact the cost of moving freight in Oregon, where over 70% of freight moves by truck. In addition, registered passenger vehicle records were used to estimate the impacts of deteriorating pavement conditions on Oregon highway users.

Information and Technology Implementation Issues in AAL Solutions

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Vardasca ◽  
Angelo Costa ◽  
Paulo M. Mendes ◽  
Paulo Novais ◽  
Ricardo Simoes
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Living ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Ambient Assisted Living ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Current State ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Information And Technology

With the population ageing effect, the technological developments, and pressure to reduce the cost with healthcare, are reunited the conditions for the development of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) solutions. This work is a revision of the current state of the art. Its aim is the characterization of the AAL solutions, within the AAL4ALL scope. Therefore, it is presented features, scenarios and projects, referring the limitations and the opportunities for the future developments of prototypes using high level information and technology in AAL environments. Moreover, it is presented guidelines of operation, exposing the conceptual approach, and the discussion and conclusion, which present recommendations and current AAL4ALL project positions in terms of concepts and technologies.

scholarly journals Evaluating CephFS Performance vs. Cost on High-Density Commodity Disk Servers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas J. Peters ◽  
Daniel C. van der Ster
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Density ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Erasure Coding ◽  
Coding Schemes ◽  
Quota Management ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Space Requirements

AbstractCephFS is a network filesystem built upon the Reliable Autonomic Distributed Object Store (RADOS). At CERN we have demonstrated its reliability and elasticity while operating several 100-to-1000TB clusters which provide NFS-like storage to infrastructure applications and services. At the same time, our lab developed EOS to offer high performance 100PB-scale storage for the LHC at extremely low costs while also supporting the complete set of security and functional APIs required by the particle-physics user community. This work seeks to evaluate the performance of CephFS on this cost-optimized hardware when it is combined with EOS to support the missing functionalities. To this end, we have setup a proof-of-concept Ceph Octopus cluster on high-density JBOD servers (840 TB each) with 100Gig-E networking. The system uses EOS to provide an overlayed namespace and protocol gateways for HTTP(S) and XROOTD, and uses CephFS as an erasure-coded object storage backend. The solution also enables operators to aggregate several CephFS instances and adds features, such as third-party-copy, SciTokens, and high-level user and quota management. Using simple benchmarks we measure the cost/performance tradeoffs of different erasure-coding layouts, as well as the network overheads of these coding schemes. We demonstrate some relevant limitations of the CephFS metadata server and offer improved tunings which can be generally applicable. To conclude, we reflect on the advantages and drawbacks related to this architecture, such as RADOS-level free space requirements and double-network penalties, and offer ideas for improvements in the future.

Resource efficiency in deinked pulp production: a review

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIISA KOTANEN ◽  
MIKA KÖRKKÖ ◽  
ARI ÄMMÄLÄ ◽  
JOUKO NIINIMÄKI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ecological Strategy ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Paper Production ◽  
Recycled Pulp ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pulp Production

The use of recovered paper as a raw material for paper production is by far the most economical and ecological strategy for the disposal of waste paper. However, paper production from recovered paper furnish generates a great amount of residues, and the higher the demand requirements for the end product, the higher the amount of rejected material. The reason for this is that the selectivity of the deinking process is limited; therefore, some valuable components are also lost in reject streams. The rejection of usable components affects the economics of recycled paper production. As the cost of waste disposal continues to increase, this issue is becoming more and more severe. This paper summarizes the current state of the resource efficiency in recycled pulp production and provides information on the volumes of rejected streams and the usable material within them. Various means to use these reject streams are also discussed, including the main findings of a recent thesis by the main author. This review summarizes current internal and external use of reject streams generated in the deinking operations.

AGRICULTURAL PERIODICALS OF RUSSIA IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Agriculture Soil ◽  
Agricultural Knowledge ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Advanced Knowledge ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Upper Volga Region

The article deals with the distribution of agricultural periodicals on the territory of the Russian Em-pire in the early twentieth century. Before that there were practically no publications on the pages of sci-entific magazines. Great emphasis is placed on the analysis of agricultural magazines published before 1917 in the Upper Volga region, namely in Vladimir, Kostroma, Tver and Yaroslavl provinces. Thanks to existed in pre-revolutionary Russian periodicals on agricultural subjects advanced knowledge of agron-omy, agriculture, soil science, horticulture, fruit growing, vegetable growing, winemaking, viticulture, 135 tobacco growing, livestock, poultry, bee-keeping, veterinary medicine, forestry, and hunting, land man-agement, irrigation, horse breeding were promoted. On the basis of statistical data, office documentation and other published sources, the author draws conclusions about the degree of accessibility of agricul-tural periodicals for the population, including the peasantry. Availability of agricultural periodicals largely depended on its price, so the author studied the situation with the cost of the annual subscription fee of these publications. The article investigates the issues of periodicity of agricultural magazines and newspapers, the exact number of such publications, as well as their subject matter. Existence duration of different types of periodicals is analyzed, the main publishers of magazines and newspapers, places of their publication are revealed. A prominent place is given to the publishing activities of agricultural pub-lic organizations and zemstvo self-government bodies. It is concluded that natural process of agricultural knowledge distribution among the population of Russia through publications on the pages of periodicals was disrupted by revolutionary events of 1917.

Changing Role of Agriculture in Income and Employment, and Trends of Agricultural Worker Productivity in Indian States

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-189
Keyword(s):  
Green Revolution ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Worker Productivity ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Agricultural Worker ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Changing Role

The productivity of land has been often discussed and deliberated by the academia and policymakers to understand agriculture, however, very few studies have focused on the agriculture worker productivity to analyze this sector. This study concentrates on the productivity of agricultural workers from across the states taking two-time points into consideration. The agriculture worker productivity needs to be dealt with seriously and on a time series basis so that the marginal productivity of worker can be ascertained but also the dependency of worker on agriculture gets revealed. There is still disguised unemployment in all the states and high level of labour migration, yet most of the states showed the dependency has gone down. Although a state like Madhya Pradesh is doing very well in terms of income earned but that is at the cost of increased worker power in agriculture as a result of which, the productivity of worker has gone down. States like Mizoram, Meghalaya, Nagaland and Tripura, though small in size showed remarkable growth in productivity and all these states showed a positive trend in terms of worker shifting away from agriculture. The traditional states which gained the most from Green Revolution of the sixties are performing decently well, but they need to have the next major policy push so that they move to the next orbit of growth.

Drug Utilization Studies – An Overview

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini S ◽  
Ravichandran V ◽  
Saraswathi R ◽  
BK Mohanty ◽  
Dhanaraj S K
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Current State ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Drug Utilization Studies ◽  
Drug Expenditures

 Aspire of the Drug Utilization Studies (DUS) is to appraise factors related to the prescribing, dispensing, administering and taking of medication, and it’s associated. Since the middle of twentieth century, interest in DUS has been escalating, first for market-only purposes, then for appraising the quality of medical prescription and comparing patterns of use of specific drugs. The scope of DUS is to evaluate the current state and future trends of drug usage, to estimate roughly disease pervasiveness, drug expenditures, aptness of prescriptions and adherence to evidence-based recommendations. The increasing magnitude of DUS as a valuable investigation resource in pharmacoepidemiology has been bridging it with other health allied areas, such as public health, rational use of drug, evidence based drug use, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoeconomics, eco-pharmacovigilance and pharmacogenetics.

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