scholarly journals Financial incentives to motivate workers during the civil war (on the example of Tula Cartridge Plant)

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-159
Author(s):  
Sergei Filippovich Volodin
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Administrative Experience ◽  
Crisis Conditions

The subject of this research is the questions of motivating the workers of Tula Cartridge Plant during the civil war. Based on methodology of economic and social microhistory, the author analyzes the practice of using methods of war communism and monetary measures to encourage worker of Tula Cartridge Plant in accomplishment of strenuous government contracts. The research results can be valuable in training management professionals in the context of comprehension of the phenomenon of national economy through the prism of social practices, particular administrative experience in crisis conditions. Writing company’s history necessitates the inclusion of methodology of economic and social microhistory into the research process. Scientific analysis of life of the company as a holistic socioeconomic phenomenon allows determining corporate practices that are essential for understanding the functionality of national economy in a specific historical period. The conclusion is made that objectively, the differentiated plant production significantly adjusted to mobilization regime of war communism using special mechanisms. Among them is the unlimited efficiency wage, non-tariff ways of incentivizing skilled workers, and determination of the urgent work areas with accord wages. At the same time, the war communism method of mobilization of industrial production implemented specific measures of financial incentives for workers. It included the guaranteed minimum of means for each employee, bargain-collective forms of bonuses, and simultaneously, directive allocation of major operations and byworks with due remuneration. The contradictory combination of all these methods of financial incentives ensured a specific effectiveness criterion reflected in the material items of military consumption.

About socialist competition

1929 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 977-982
Author(s):  
Aria Ya. Pleshitser
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Socialist Competition ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Working People ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Socialist Emulation ◽  
Advanced Capitalist

The XVI Party Conference in its appeal to all workers and toiling peasants of the Soviet Union on socialist emulation points out: Gigantic tasks have been set by history for the working people of our country. In a relatively short historical period, we must catch up and overtake the advanced capitalist countries in technical and economic terms, carrying out the socialist reconstruction of the entire national economy.

scholarly journals Review of New American Studies on the Civil War (1861–1865) and Reconstruction in the USA (1865–1877) for 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 225-239
Author(s):  
Ilya Sokov
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Scientific Principle ◽  
Question Analysis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
The One ◽  
American Nation

Introduction. Studies of American historians on the Civil War and Reconstruction continue to be central issues in the 21st century. There is an increased public demand for these studies. The author of the analytical review of American publications tries to answer the question of what this interest is related to. Methods. The author of the review uses the methodological tools such as the scientific principle of objectivity, the special historicalcomparative method and the systematic approach to answer this question. Analysis. The author points out the main areas of studying new aspects marked by American historians of the mid-19th century. These areas include the issues and interpretations on military, political, everyday, anthropological, social and cultural, and economic history. Besides, new approaches in peer-reviewed monographs for the comprehensive coverage of the study material of this issue are highlighted. Results. The interest of academicians and the American public to studying the historical period of the Civil War and Reconstruction, on the one hand, tells about carrying the deep psycho-civilizational trauma by all subsequent generations of both white and black Americans at this time, and on the other hand, this war debunks the myth of God’s chosen destiny of the American nation to build a “City on a Hill”. Constant refinements, additions, revisions, and reinterpretations of the events and consequences of the Civil War and Reconstruction in contemporary American historiography only confirm this conclusion. The publications selected by the reviewer on this issue for 2019 not only introduce new American historical works to Russian Americanists, but also provide an opportunity to expand their own research on this issue.

The International Trade Fair in Barcelona in 1942: a Look at Furniture in the Franco Era

Res Mobilis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13-2) ◽  
pp. 303-327
Author(s):  
David Bachiller Canal
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Civil War ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Trade Fair ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Franco Regime ◽  
Working Hypothesis

  This article studies the furniture present at the Xth Barcelona International Trade Fair in 1942, the first one after the Civil War. It is important to point out that the Franco regime tried to use this Fair as a propaganda device, as well as to reactivate the local and national economy, and internationalize the autarchic industries. The study focuses on the wood industry and the commercial and aesthetic relations with all invited countries, as well as with the Moroccan protectorate, and with Equatorial Guinea (a Spanish colony at the time, and source of exotic woods). The study also delves into the relationships between various local  decoration and furniture companies and the Fair. In addition, it aims to create a typology of the different pieces of furniture that appeared at the event to draw a working hypothesis about the evolution of furniture during this period.

scholarly journals A Study on Green Economy Indicators and Modeling: Russian Context

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Vukovic ◽  
Vladimir Pobedinsky ◽  
Sergey Mityagin ◽  
Andrei Drozhzhin ◽  
Zhanna Mingaleva
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Data Uncertainty ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Theory Of Fuzzy Sets

This article aims to assess and forecast the dynamics of a regional green economy. The research relevance is determined by the need to develop theoretical and methodological basis of the green economy for the transition period and to identify criteria basis for assessing the state and regional level of it. The authors applied the modern methods, which allowed to model criteria considering data uncertainty and both static and dynamic criteria. The research process involved the methods of scientific analysis, comparison and synthesis, the theory of fuzzy sets, and fuzzy modeling. The main principles and methodology of the criteria evaluation for a regional green economy are proposed. The principal methodological approach in this research combines the current state and dynamics of the green economy in evaluating and forecasting the conditions of data uncertainty. The research results form a theoretical, methodological, and practical basis for assessing the current state and level of a regional green economy development, determining the effectiveness of environmental and economic programs, optimizing financial management, conducting environmental monitoring, and developing state plans.

scholarly journals Improving Innovative Training And National Spiritualty For Tourism Education: Developing Hospitality Prospects In Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 328-333
Author(s):  
Khamrayev Siroj ◽  
◽  
Mukhammadmurod Yorkulov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Education System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Quality Of Teaching ◽  
Tourism Education ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality

The education system is forever changing, with the purpose of improving young people’s chances of employment, supplying the market with sufficient quantities of competitive, skilled workers of quality [Zsarnoczky, 2015]. This is especially true for the field of tourism and hospitality, for this industry has become one of the most dynamically growing segments of today’s economy, in quantitative terms [Forgács and Loboda, 2003]. In order to make it an important part of the national economy, the quality of innovative training and ensuring that there will be new generations of professionals is just as important as making use of natural resources and advantages and innovative training gives us opportunity to teach and prepare tourism experts and they are trained for finding new prospects of tourism. The aims of this research paper are to explore the actual effect of innovative training in tourism education and hospitality, to investigate current quality of teaching tourism as a subject in higher education system: colleges, institutions and universities of Uzbekistan and analyze the importance of innovative training in tourism education and developing hospitality prospects in Uzbekistan.

scholarly journals FINANCING OF LABOR RESOURCES IN CONDITIONS OF CRISIS CYCLICITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
Lyudmyla ALEKSEYENKO ◽  
Oksana TSIZHMA
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
Main Components

Introduction. The philosophy of state policy of Ukraine should be aimed at developing the economic potential of the nation and its well-being, the ability of the economy to effectively use and restore labor resources. Therefore, further modernization of labor finance requires the harmonization of economic interests of its participants and the development of society in the context of promoting job creation, business growth and improving the level and quality of life. Purpose. Disclosure of conceptual bases of financing of labor resources in the conditions of crisis cyclicity and delineation of expediency of application of public-private programs for formation of the proper level of economic stimulation and social support of workers. Results. The essence of labor resources financing within the institutional, dialectical, reproductive and systemic approaches is substantiated, taking into account the peculiarities of the labor market development. The economic and social principles of increasing responsibility and trust between the state and citizens in crisis conditions are analyzed, in particular, the intensification of state incentives for employment by fully or partially subsidizing the creation of new jobs in enterprises. There was a significant reduction in the number of economically active population, including employed and unemployed. It was emphasized that this situation was influenced by negative trends in demographic development: population aging, rising mortality, depopulation, deformation of gender and age, migration outflow of able-bodied citizens outside the region. Conclusions. In a market economy, the financing of labor resources should be studied in terms of a set of interconnected elements and subsystems (organizational, technical, managerial, technological, regulatory), which aim to increase the efficiency of the financing process for systemic changes in the environment, including crisis cyclicality. The main components of the state program of labor resources development are determined. To restore labor resources, it is proposed to use public-private programs that provide an opportunity to form an appropriate level of financial incentives and social support for workers. Public-private programs should be structured depending on the level of the subject and the chosen means and tools of material incentives and intangible incentives for employees, improving their professional competencies and professional abilities.

scholarly journals Prediction of crisis condition and anti-crisis regulation of regional economy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Надежда Калюжнова ◽  
Екатерина Горбатенко
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Crisis Conditions

The article considers approaches to forecasting crisis conditions in the regions of the national economy. The regions of the national economy act as business entities. A list of indicators has been developed to comprehensively identify the presence of crisis conditions in the region’s economy. Grouping of Russian regions was carried out according to the degree of probability of a crisis. The directions of crisis management in the region are proposed.

scholarly journals Les novel·les sobre la Transició valenciana. Una història de claudicacions i violència

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Joaquim Espinós Felipe
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Historical Novel ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Historical Novels ◽  
Spanish Transition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Way

Resum: La Transició (1975-1982) constitueix un període històric controvertit. En els darrers anys, arran del moviment 15-M, s’han revifat a l’Estat espanyol les veus critiques amb el relat oficial. En l’àmbit valencià existeix un corpus de novel·les considerable que aporta informació rellevant sobre la manera com s’ha construït la memòria de la Transició valenciana. La distància existent entre l’actualitat i els anys en què se situen els fets, així com el desconeixement de les noves generacions sobre el tema, permet que aquestes novel·les puguen ser considerades, en un sentit amplei com a novel·les històriques, al mateix nivell que les ambientades en la Guerra Civil i la postguerra. Paraules clau: novel·la històrica, literatura catalana, País Valencià, Transició. .Abstract: The Spanish Transition (1975-1982) is a controversial historical period. In recent years, following the 15-M movement, we have witnessed in Spain a revival of voices critical of the official narrative. In the Valencian area there is a considerable corpus of novels that provide relevant information on the way how the memory of the Valencian Transition has been built. The distance existing between the present and the years in which the facts took place, as well as the ignorance of the new generations on the subject, allows us to consider these novels, in a broad sense, as historical novels, at the same level as those set in the Civil War and the post-war period.Keywords: historical novel, catalan literature, Spanish Transition, Valencia.

scholarly journals STUDY OF DETECTION AND RADAR STEALTH PINPOINT AIR OBJECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (59) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
S. Kovalevskii
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Surface Scattering ◽  
Multiple Objects ◽  
Effective Surface ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Technical Solutions

The subject study of the article is to identify radar stealth and pinpoint aerial objects used in the national economy during their operation. The article is research process efficiency in detecting radar stealth and pinpoint aerial objects. The problem to be solved – just ification of technical solutions and their implementation in practice of detecting radar stealth and pinpoint air objects will improve efficiency in their radar detection by applying detection device using stealth and pinpoint lights overhead objects used in the national economy, which is offered. The article reviewed: promising ways to improve the detection of small aircraft and stealth objects of the simultaneous use of its properties and effective surface scattering algorithm using optimal processing signals reflected stealth and pinpoint objects in the air and block diagram using backlight stealth and pinpoint multiple objects overhead space-spaced transmitter block diagram detection device using the backlight stealth and pinpoint multiple objects overhead space-spaced transmitters, which corresponds to one volume and one separate speed channel being developed. Conclusion: The proposed technical solutions should be used as the modernization of existing radars and in creating advanced radar designs

Building a Union of Banks

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-185
Author(s):  
Michael T. Caires
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

This essay discusses the relationship between the Republicans’ antebellum economic agenda and the events of the Civil War. The essay appears to begin aligned with the big argument that the Republicans were intent on changing the national economy, and the war provided a useful opportunity to do so.

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