scholarly journals Publiphilia Impactfactorius: a new psychiatric syndrome among biomedical scientists?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joeri K Tijdink ◽  
Yvo M Smulders ◽  
Lex M Bouter
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Scientific Misconduct ◽  
Research Misconduct ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Syndrome ◽  
Icd 10

Abstract Introduction Personality traits differ significantly between professionals, and the biomedical field is no exception. However, whether specific clusters of personality traits are indeed typical for biomedical scientists is unknown. This can be of particular interest since personality traits impact on behavior, and sloppy science or even scientific misconduct may be linked to specific clusters of personality traits. To explore clusters of personality traits among biomedical scientists, and to associate the clusters with academic position and research misbehaviour we designed a cross-sectional study with cluster analysis of personality traits among a stratified sample of Dutch biomedical scientists working in academic medical centers. Methods We used the NEO-BIG5, Rosenberg Self-esteem, Achievement Motivation Inventory and the Dark Triad (narcissistic, Machiavellianistic and psychopathic personality traits) as validated questionnaires. Self-reported research misconduct was assessed via a separate questionnaire. Results We included 537 active biomedical scientists completed a web-based survey (response rate 65%). Cluster analysis revealed the existence of three personality clusters among biomedical scientists: the ‘perfectionist’, the ‘ideal son-in-law’ and the ‘sneaky grandiose’. The latter cluster showed a consistent set of (subclinical) personality traits such as narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism, that are indicative of the presence of a mental disorder, but could not be classified as such in terms of the DSM-IV TR or ICD-10. Male gender, higher academic hierarchical position, perceived publication pressure and, importantly, self-reported scientific misbehaviour were associated with the ‘sneaky grandiose’ personality cluster. Discussion These findings suggest that biomedical scientists in the ‘sneaky grandiose’ personality cluster have a relatively high propensity to engage in research misbehaviour. A small proportion of the ‘sneaky grandiose’ might suffer from a psychiatric condition characterized by pathological preoccupation with publishing and being cited. We therefore propose to name this syndrome ‘Publiphilia Impactfactorius’ (PI), and we suggest this affliction should be considered in revised versions of DSM5 and ICD-10. We provide tentative diagnostic criteria for PI. Early identification and intensive treatment or, alternatively, expulsion and annihilation of colleagues who suffer from PI may prevent further accumulation of research waste.

scholarly journals Publiphilia Impactfactorius: a new psychiatric syndrome among biomedical scientists?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joeri K Tijdink ◽  
Yvo M Smulders ◽  
Lex M Bouter
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Scientific Misconduct ◽  
Research Misconduct ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Syndrome ◽  
Icd 10

Abstract Introduction Personality traits differ significantly between professionals, and the biomedical field is no exception. However, whether specific clusters of personality traits are indeed typical for biomedical scientists is unknown. This can be of particular interest since personality traits impact on behavior, and sloppy science or even scientific misconduct may be linked to specific clusters of personality traits. To explore clusters of personality traits among biomedical scientists, and to associate the clusters with academic position and research misbehaviour we designed a cross-sectional study with cluster analysis of personality traits among a stratified sample of Dutch biomedical scientists working in academic medical centers. Methods We used the NEO-BIG5, Rosenberg Self-esteem, Achievement Motivation Inventory and the Dark Triad (narcissistic, Machiavellianistic and psychopathic personality traits) as validated questionnaires. Self-reported research misconduct was assessed via a separate questionnaire. Results We included 537 active biomedical scientists completed a web-based survey (response rate 65%). Cluster analysis revealed the existence of three personality clusters among biomedical scientists: the ‘perfectionist’, the ‘ideal son-in-law’ and the ‘sneaky grandiose’. The latter cluster showed a consistent set of (subclinical) personality traits such as narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism, that are indicative of the presence of a mental disorder, but could not be classified as such in terms of the DSM-IV TR or ICD-10. Male gender, higher academic hierarchical position, perceived publication pressure and, importantly, self-reported scientific misbehaviour were associated with the ‘sneaky grandiose’ personality cluster. Discussion These findings suggest that biomedical scientists in the ‘sneaky grandiose’ personality cluster have a relatively high propensity to engage in research misbehaviour. A small proportion of the ‘sneaky grandiose’ might suffer from a psychiatric condition characterized by pathological preoccupation with publishing and being cited. We therefore propose to name this syndrome ‘Publiphilia Impactfactorius’ (PI), and we suggest this affliction should be considered in revised versions of DSM5 and ICD-10. We provide tentative diagnostic criteria for PI. Early identification and intensive treatment or, alternatively, expulsion and annihilation of colleagues who suffer from PI may prevent further accumulation of research waste.

A Simultaneous Cluster Analysis of Cognitive, Emotional, and Personality Factors and Insomnia and Sleep Quality Among Earthquake Victims

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibolah Khazaie ◽  
Ali Zakiei ◽  
Saeid Komasi
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe current study compares the measures of sleep quality and intensity of insomnia based on the clustering analysis of variables including dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, experiential avoidance, personality traits of neuroticism, and complications with emotion regulation among the individuals struck by an earthquake in Kermanshah Province.MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional study that was carried out among earthquake victims of Kermanshah Province (western Iran) in 2017. Data were gathered starting 10 days after the earthquake and lasted for 2 weeks; of 1,200 standard questionnaires distributed, 1,001 responses were received, and the analysis was performed using 999 participants. The data analysis was carried out using a cluster analysis (K-mean method).ResultsTwo clusters were identified, and there is a significant difference between these two clusters in regard to all of the variables. The cluster with higher mean values for the selected variables shows a higher intensity of insomnia and a lower sleep quality.ConclusionsConsidering the current results, it can be concluded that variables of dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs about sleep, experiential avoidance, the personality traits of neuroticism, and complications with emotion regulation are able to identify the clusters where there is a significant difference in regard to sleep quality and the intensity of insomnia. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:745–752)

scholarly journals Research misconduct complaints and institutional logics: The case of Hans Eysenck and the British Psychological Society

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532096354
Author(s):  
Russell Craig ◽  
Anthony Pelosi ◽  
Dennis Tourish
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Scientific Misconduct ◽  
Research Misconduct ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
British Psychological Society ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Formal Complaint

A formal complaint was lodged with the British Psychological Society in 1995 that alleged serious scientific misconduct by Hans J Eysenck. The complaint referred to research into the links between personality traits and the causes, prevention and treatment of cancer and heart disease. Using a framework of institutional logics, we criticise the Society’s decision not to hear this complaint at a full disciplinary hearing. We urge the BPS to investigate this complaint afresh. We also support calls for the establishment of an independent National Research Integrity Ombudsperson to deal more effectively with allegations of research misconduct.

scholarly journals Why Negative or Positive, If It makes Me Win? Dark Personality in Spanish Competitive Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3504
Author(s):  
Juan González-Hernández ◽  
Ricardo Cuevas-Campos ◽  
María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez ◽  
Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Competitive Sports ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Competitive Athletes ◽  
Predictive Relationships

Research on the dark triad traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy) is increasingly focusing on the functional or dysfunctional influences of personality traits on cognitive, behavioural and emotional responses. Thus, studies in sport contexts have shown that athletes who participate in competitive sports have higher scores in the dark triad than those who do not. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to evaluate the linear and predictive relationships between dark traits and competitiveness (p < 0.01), as well as to identify any differences based on sports orientation (professionals vs. amateurs). Scales SD3 (dark personality) and C−10 (competitiveness) were applied to a sample of Spanish athletes (n = 806). The results show that competitiveness is strongly related to the traits of the dark personality triad. Narcissism is related to both the desire to win and the fear of losing, while Machiavellian tendencies are high when athletes feel like losers. Finally, psychopathic tendencies are related to feelings of inferiority and fear of failure. In conclusion, the results suggest that dark personality traits are related not only to the individuality of the athletes, but also to the self-perception of both their psychological response and the competitiveness of their sporting environment.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Achievement Motivation and Job Performance among Chinese Physicians: A Conditional Process Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Botang Guo ◽  
Binbin Qiang ◽  
Jiawei Zhou ◽  
Xiuxian Yang ◽  
Xiaohui Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background. To explore the relationship between achievement motivation and job performance among physicians, this study investigated the impacts of different personality traits on job performance among the physicians. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 and 1,523 physicians from eight tertiary grade A hospitals in Harbin, China. The type of data collected included the achievement motivation of the physicians, job performance, organizational commitment, personality traits, and other demographic variables. To assess and compare the demographic data, independent t -test and ANOVA were applied. Further, Pearson correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the correlation among the variables. Moderated mediation analysis was performed to test the correlation among the job performance, achievement motivation, organizational commitment, neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Results. Achievement motivation directly influences job performance and organizational commitment partially mediates the direct effects of achievement motivation on job performance. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that agreeableness and conscientiousness moderate the strength of the relationships between achievement motivation and job performance mediated by organizational commitment. Conclusion. We propose that hospital managers should pay attention to the personal growth of the physicians and improve their organizational commitment via creating a positive working climate and training for career planning and education. Moreover, managers should identify conscientiousness and agreeableness individuals and increase their responsibilities geared towards improving the performance of the organization.

Looking from the bright side: The Light Triad predicts Tinder use for love

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2136-2144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barış Sevi ◽  
Burak Doğruyol
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Bright Side ◽  
Cooperative Relationship

The Dark Triad of personality has gained much attention in the literature, while the lighter side of personality has not received comparable attention. This study aimed to examine how the Light Triad of personality traits (Faith in Humanity, Humanism, and Kantianism) differs between Tinder users, and how these personality traits are related to motivations to use Tinder for short- and long-term mating. Cross-sectional data from current Tinder users ( n = 130), past Tinder users ( n = 56), and people who have never used Tinder ( n = 121) were examined. The results revealed that compared to Tinder users, nonusers have higher scores on Kantianism, which might be related to Kantians not emphasizing attractiveness, a factor that has a role in online dating success. Further, Tinder users with higher total scores on the Light Triad were found to show higher motivation to use Tinder for long-term mating, whereas a significant relation was not found motivation to use Tinder for short-term mating. Long-term mating requires establishing a cooperative relationship with someone, and the motivation to use Tinder to find long-term mates may be due to the cooperation-promoting nature of the Light Triad.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Personality Traits and Achievement Motivation of Students of Tertiary Institutions in Plateau State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
U. Esther Ude ◽  
O. Oyedoyin Akintunde
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Achievement Motivation Inventory ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between personality traits and achievement motivation of students in tertiary institution in Plateau state. The study adopted the cross-sectional research survey design in its investigation of the variables. Primary source of data was generated through structured, self- administered questionnaire using the big five inventory which comprises of 44-items and achievement motivation inventory which comprises of 32 items. A sample of 333 respondents was drawn from a population of 2000 second year (200 levels) students in the Faculty of Education in five tertiary institutions in Plateau State.  Reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring coefficients above 0.70. Data generated were analyzed and presented using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The hypotheses were tested using the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The tests were carried out at a 95% confidence interval and a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that there is a positive significant relationship between personality traits and achievement motivation of students in tertiary institution in Plateau state. The study thus recommends that teachers should guide students to identify their personality traits and encouraged them to strive to develop their traits in order to be successful in their pursuit.

scholarly journals Types of Attitudes toward Traits and Their Role in Selfand Other Assessments

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-559
Author(s):  
Milena V. Baleva ◽  
Olga I. Polyanina ◽  
Irina V. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Traits

The study integrates the experimental and descriptive approaches to the attitudes. The assumptions that the emotional, cognitive and behavioral components of attitudes toward personality traits, as well as the types of these attitudes mediate the selfand the Other assessments are under consideration. The study involved 314 students aged 18 to 30 years old (M = 20.23; SD = 1.59), of which 79 men (25%) and 235 women (75%). To measure attitudes toward traits, as well as the selfand the Other assessments, a list of 20 antonymic adjectives denoting personality characteristics was used. The objects of perception were young man and woman who answered the questions of the Short Dark Triad Questionnaire as an absolutely “good” or “bad” person. Using cluster analysis, different types of attitudes toward traits were highlighted within each component (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral). These types were determined by the participants’ position in relation to positive and negative traits. The attained results indicate that the subject’s self-esteem depends on the attitudes toward traits and detects different severity depending on the attitudes type. The highest self-esteem is observed in those subjects who: 1) consider that positive traits are more common than negative; 2) give highly contrast emotional ratings to positive and negative traits; 3) believe that positive traits are less controlled than negative ones. The assessment of the Other also reveals a connection with the types of the attitudes toward traits: the “good” Other is rated higher when the emotional attitudes toward traits are highly contrast, while the “bad” Other is rated higher when: 1) the negative traits are treated as more common; 2) the contrast between positive and negative traits is perceived as moderate. The results obtained open up the new perspectives for the correction of the selfand the Other assessments through the formation of attitudes toward traits.

scholarly journals Dark Triad, Impulsivity And Honesty-Humility And Intended Behavior In A Prisoner’s Dilemma Game: A Simulation Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Lainidi ◽  
Eirini Karakasidou ◽  
Anthony Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Prisoner's Dilemma ◽  
Prisoner’S Dilemma ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Situational Judgment Tests ◽  
Intended Behavior ◽  
Dirty Dozen

Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate if the Dark Triad personality traits, Impulsivity and Honesty-Humility can predict individuals’ intended behavior in one-shot Prisoner’s Dilemma Games (PDG). Method: A cross-sectional correlational design was followed, examining multiple linear regression models. A total sample of 197 Greek adults (64% women, M=35.13 years old) completed a one-shot simulated PDGs, the Dirty Dozen scale, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale and the Honesty-Humility subscale from the HEXACO NEO-PI. Results: Significant correlations between Dirty Dozen scores and Impulsivity, and Dirty Dozen scores and Honesty-Humility (p<.01) where identified. Honesty-Humility predicted Dark Triad scores (p<.01). Dark Triad scores predicted the classification of participants in groups, according to their decision in the first PDG simulation (p<.01), while Honesty/Humility and Impulsivity were not significant predictors.Conclusions: Simulated social situations can serve as situational judgment tests in an effort to develop new measures of personality and a better understanding in the underpinning mechanisms between personality traits and intended behavior in ethical dilemmas and moral judgment.

scholarly journals Personality differences between academic team sport players and physical education undergraduate students

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra M. Rogowska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background and Study Aim: Although personality research in psychology of sport has a long history, a little is known about the personality of the team sport players among university students. The aim of this study is to investigate differences in personality traits between Team Sport Players (TSP), Physical Education Students (PES) and Other Faculties Students (OFS). Material and Methods: Participants in the cross-sectional study were 441 university students aged between 18 and 34 years old (M = 22.09, SD = 2.19), including 60.09% of men, at a large university in the south of Poland. The NEO-FFI questionnaire was used to assess Big-Five personality traits. Results: One-way ANOVA revealed that TSP sample scored significantly lower in neuroticism, openness and agreeableness than both PES and OFS groups. TSP also demonstrated higher scores in extraversion, in comparison to PES. The PES and OFS did not differ one another in personality traits. Conscientiousness was at the same level in all three groups. Conclusions: Increasing achievement motivation and compliance with norms may heighten conscientiousness among undergraduates. The information about personality should be used by the coach to team conflict reduction, to make an appropriate selection decision and to develop individual development plans for particular team members.

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