scholarly journals Numerical modeling of the groundwater flow in the fractured and karst aquifer of the Salento peninsula (Southern Italy)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna De Filippis ◽  
Mauro Giudici ◽  
Stefano Margiotta ◽  
Fiorella Mazzone ◽  
Sergio Negrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Complex Relationships

Water resources represented by coastal aquifers are very important for regions characterized by a relevant request of freshwater, but limited rainfall, lack of surface water bodies and intrusion of the seawater through the sediments which host groundwater. Therefore some coastal areas, like the Salento peninsula (southern Italy), are subjected to the risk of desertification and a proper management of groundwater resources requires tools to analyze and predict the water balance and the evolution of the physical system in response to human activities (e.g., ground water withdrawals) and climatic factors. The Salento peninsula is a typical Mediterranean basin, where the main water resource is the aquifer hosted in Cretaceous carbonatic rocks (Calcare di Altamura, Altamura limestone): this is a fractured and karst aquifer, with a poor recharge and complex relationships with the sea. In order to develop a tool to assess the water balance at regional scale for the considered aquifer system, a groundwater flow model was developed by Giudici et al. (2012a); it is based on a conceptual model obtained from a reconstruction of the hydrostratigraphic architecture of the region, which includes the main aquifer and the overlaying rocks characterized by low permeability which can host local and relatively thin aquifers. In this paper that work is updated, by improving the reconstruction of the hydraulic head and of the conceptual model, above all in those areas that the previous model evidenced as critical for the absence of fresh water along the whole aquifer thickness. Moreover, since the estimate of some model’s input parameters is affected by high uncertainty, a sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate the effects of this uncertainty on the model’s results.

scholarly journals Hydrogeological Conceptual Model in the Middle of Randublatung Groundwater Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012078
Author(s):  
D L Setyaningsih ◽  
K D Setyawan ◽  
D P E Putra ◽  
Salahuddin
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Unconfined Aquifer ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
The North ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Groundwater Basin ◽  
Constant Head

Abstract Randublatung groundwater basin is one of the groundwaters basins with massive utilization of groundwater pumping. However, the knowledge of the comprehensive hydrogeological system in this groundwater basin is limited, so this research aims to determine a comprehensive hydrogeological conceptual model of the Randublatung groundwater basin. The methodology was conducted by collecting secondary and primary data of deep and shallow wells to evaluate boundaries of pattern and direction of groundwater flow and develop the aquifer system’s geometry. The result shows that the groundwater flow boundaries are Grogol River in the west, Wado River in the East, Bengawan Solo river in the South as a river boundary, and Rembang Mountains in the North as a constant head boundary. Therefore, groundwater flows from the hills area to the Bengawan Solo River and the north as the river’s flow. Based on the log bor evaluation, the aquifer system of the study area consist of an unconfined aquifer with a maximum thickness of 20 m and three layers of confined aquifers with thickness vary between 8 to 60 m. the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifers depends on the aquifer’s lithology range from sand, gravel, limestone, and sandstone. This hydrogeological conceptual model provides essential information for numerical groundwater models in the middle of the Randublatung groundwater basin.

scholarly journals Simulation of Regional Karst Aquifer System and Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Manatí-Vega Baja, Puerto Rico

2015 ◽  
Vol 07 (12) ◽  
pp. 909-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balati Maihemuti ◽  
Reza Ghasemizadeh ◽  
Xue Yu ◽  
Ingrid Padilla ◽  
Akram N. Alshawabkeh
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Karst Aquifer System ◽  
Vega Baja

3D modelling of a hydrological structure combining spatial data science and geophysics: Application to a coastal aquifer system in the island of Crete, Greece

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Varouchakis ◽  
Leonardo Azevedo ◽  
João L. Pereira ◽  
Ioannis Trichakis ◽  
George P. Karatzas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Geostatistical Simulation ◽  
Groundwater Flow Model ◽  
Aquifer System

<p>Groundwater resources in Mediterranean coastal aquifers are under threat due to overexploitation and climate change impacts, resulting in saltwater intrusion. This situation is deteriorated by the absence of sustainable groundwater resources management plans. Efficient management and monitoring of groundwater systems requires interpreting all sources of available data. This work aims at the development of a set of plausible 3D geological models combining 2D geophysical profiles, spatial data analytics and geostatistical simulation techniques. The resulting set of models represents possible scenarios of the structure of the coastal aquifer system under investigation. Inverted resistivity profiles, along with borehole data, are explored using spatial data science techniques to identify regions associated with higher uncertainty. Relevant parts of the profiles will be used to generate 3D models after detailed Anisotropy and variogram analysis. Multidimensional statistical techniques are then used to select representative models of the true subsurface while exploring the uncertainty space. The resulting models will help to identify primary gaps in existing knowledge about the groundwater system and to optimize the groundwater monitoring network. A comparison with a numerical groundwater flow model will identify similarities and differences and it will be used to develop a typical hydrogeological model, which will aid the management and monitoring of the area's groundwater resources. This work will help the development of a reliable groundwater flow model to investigate future groundwater level fluctuations at the study area under climate change scenarios.</p><p> </p><p>This work was developed under the scope of the InTheMED project. InTheMED is part of the PRIMA programme supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 1923.</p>

scholarly journals GROUNDWATER CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR PADDY IRRIGATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fikri Abdullah ◽  
Wan Amirul Wan Mustapa
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Visual Modflow ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Aquifer Storage ◽  
Paddy Irrigation ◽  
Rice Irrigation ◽  
Current Water

Hydrological modelling is representative of current, past or future hydrologic balance. It has been used widely in water-related problem such as drought, flood, water contamination and irrigation. Crops irrigation requires a lot of water to irrigate the root zone layer especially for paddy crops. With the current issues of water such as drought and pollution, an alternative source is needed to overcome the problem of water scarcity.  Generally Malaysia depends on the surface water to irrigate the crops with no aided of groundwater. This study focuses on the availability of groundwater resources to irrigate the paddy crops. Hence, a conceptual model of groundwater flow was developed to shows the current situation of the groundwater flow at the study area. Several models were developed to see if groundwater can be extracted using wells and be used as an alternative source for irrigation. The study area is located at Sawah Sempadan, which is one of Malaysia’s greeneries areas under Tanjung Karang Rice Irrigation Scheme (TAKRIS). The conceptual model is built by using Visual MODFLOW 4.2. The conceptual model shows the current water balance, water table elevation and equipotential head in the study area. Simulations with pump wells have been done to shows the availability of groundwater sources for paddy irrigation. The result shows that groundwater flows from area of higher elevation towards the lower elevated area. It is also shows that groundwater extraction could not be too excessive as it may dry up the aquifer storage.

scholarly journals Characterization of extractable metals from the aquifers with arsenic contamination in the Tsengwen Creek, Taiwan

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
H.-Y. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Arsenic Contamination ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Creek Watershed ◽  
Groundwater Hydrochemistry ◽  
Extractable Metals

Arsenic contamination in groundwater is a common groundwater problem worldwide. To manage groundwater resources effectively, it is crucial to determine the arsenic source. Taiwan’s Tsengwen Creek watershed is one of the known areas for groundwater arsenic contamination. Water-rock interactions are evaluated on a regional scale. A conceptual hydrogeological framework is first established based on groundwater hydrochemistry. The local aquifer system can be categorized into high-arsenic deep aquifer and low-arsenic shallow aquifer. The average geochemistry of sediments indicates that arsenic and heavy metals are not significantly enriched in the deeper aquifer on the scale of the whole watershed. Therefore, arsenic contamination in the deeper groundwater of the Tsengwen Creek watershed is not simply source-controlled. However, the Fe-Mn oxides in sediments contain slightly more arsenic in the deep aquifer. The long residence time of groundwater could magnify the enrichment and cause natural arsenic contamination in the deep aquifer.

scholarly journals Conceptual and numerical modeling approach of the Guarani Aquifer System

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 295-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rodríguez ◽  
L. Vives ◽  
A. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Guarani Aquifer ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In large aquifers, relevant for their considerable size, regional groundwater modeling remains challenging given geologic complexity and data scarcity in space and time. Yet, it may be conjectured that regional scale groundwater flow models can help in understanding the flow system functioning and the relative magnitude of water budget components, which are important for aquifer management. The Guaraní Aquifer System is the largest transboundary aquifer in South America. It contains an enormous volume of water; however, it is not well known, being difficult to assess the impact of exploitation currently used to supply over 25 million inhabitants. This is a sensitive issue because the aquifer is shared by four countries. Moreover, an integrated groundwater model, and therefore a global water balance, were not available. In this work, a transient regional scale model for the entire aquifer based upon five simplified, equally plausible conceptual models represented by different hydraulic conductivity parametrizations is used to analyze the flow system and water balance components. Combining an increasing number of hydraulic conductivity zones and an appropriate set of boundary conditions, the hypothesis of a continuous sedimentary unit yielded errors within the calibration target in a regional sense. The magnitude of the water budget terms resulted very similar for all parametrizations. Recharge and stream/aquifer fluxes were the dominant components representing, on average, 84.2% of total inflows and 61.4% of total outflows, respectively. However, leakage was small compared to stream discharges of main rivers. For instance, the simulated average leakage for the Uruguay River was 8 m3 s−1 while the observed absolute minimum discharge was 382 m3 s−1. Streams located in heavily pumped regions switched from a gaining condition in early years to a losing condition over time. Water is discharged through the aquifer boundaries, except at the eastern boundary. On average, pumping represented 16.2% of inflows while aquifer storage experienced a small overall increment. The model water balance indicates that the current rate of groundwater withdrawals does not exceed the rate of recharge in a regional sense.

scholarly journals Preliminary conceptual model of an Alpine carbonate aquifer (Pale di San Martino, Dolomites, Italy)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Lucianetti ◽  
Lucia Mastrorillo ◽  
Roberto Mazza
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Groundwater Reserves ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A hydrogeological and hydrochemical monitoring was conducted in the Pale di San Martino mountain ridge (Trento and Belluno Provinces, Italy) to build a preliminary conceptual model of the groundwater system. The model derives from a combination of new fieldwork and preexisting data provided by various public authorities. New data include geological and hydrogeological surveys, such as in situ measurements of the physical and chemical parameters, geochemical sampling and streamflow measurements. The lithologies outcropping in the area were grouped into seven hydrogeological complexes, each playing a different role in groundwater circulation. The dolomitic body of the ridges forms the main aquifer complex and is located above a terrigenous and evaporitic aquiclude. Due to this geometrical relationship, the site can be considered an isolated hydrostructure with well-defined no-flow boundaries. The main springs outcome near the aquifer-aquiclude boundary and in particular where the elevation of the contact is low and the tectonic pattern favors the drainage. Most of them have a calciumbicarbonate water composition, low temperature and low electrical conductivity, supporting the hypothesis of a fast flowing circulation in carbonate rocks and a high-altitude recharge. Seasonal streamflow measurements allowed the identification of linear springs and provided the first cumulative discharge data at the scale of the entire mountain group. The resulting model highlights a great spatial and temporal variability of the groundwater resources. Considering the geometry of the aquifer and the great seasonal variability of the discharge, it is possible to infer the absence of significant groundwater reserves at a regional scale. Thus, the hydrostructure shows a great capacity to supply water resources (mean discharge of 6 m3/s), but a low selfregulation capacity. It is necessary to consider this aspect when planning a long-term exploitation of the water resources that are used in the area for drinking purposes and hydropower generation.

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