Molecular Determination of Mixed Infections of Dermatophytes and Nondermatophyte Molds in Individuals with Onychomycosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya K. Gupta ◽  
Kerry-Ann Nakrieko
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Scopulariopsis Brevicaulis ◽  
Infecting Organisms ◽  
Molecular Determination

Background Reports of mixed infections with nondermatophyte molds (NDMs) and dermatophytes in onychomycosis are rare, possibly owing to the inhibition of NDM growth during traditional culture. We sought to determine the prevalence of mixed infections in onychomycosis using molecular identification. Methods Molecular analyses were used to identify infecting organisms directly from at least two serial great toenail samples from each of the 44 patients. Results Mixed infections were present in 41% of the patients (18 of 44). A single coinfecting NDM was the most common mixed infection and was detected in 34% of patients with onychomycosis (15 of 44), with Fusarium oxysporum present in 14% (6 of 44), Scopulariopsis brevicaulis in 9% (4 of 44), Acremonium spp in 2% (1 of 44), Aspergillus spp in 4.5% (2 of 44), and Scytalidium spp in 4.5% (2 of 44). Mixed infections with two NDMs were found in 7% of patients (3 of 44). Conclusions Mixed onychomycosis infections may be more prevalent than previously reported.

Molecular determination of the origin of acephalic cysticercus

Parasitology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-Y. CHUNG ◽  
W.-G. KHO ◽  
S.-Y. HWANG ◽  
E.-Y. JE ◽  
Y.-T. CHUNG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit ◽  
Subarachnoidal Space ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Molecular Determination

Acephalic cysticercus (Ac), a rarely developed multilobulated and nonencysted form of larval Taenia, causes hydrocephalus or adhesive arachnoiditis in the ventricles and subarachnoidal space that often lead to fatal outcome in affected patients. Ac has been proposed to originate from T. solium on the basis of morphological features, while no molecular data supporting the presumption have been available. In the present study, we investigated the immunological properties as well as molecular characteristics of Ac that was obtained surgically from 6 patients. Immunoblotting of the cyst fluid from Ac samples demonstrated the constitutive expression of a T. solium metacestode (TsM) 10 kDa protein. Specific antibodies against the truncated 10 kDa protein, which appears to be species specific for TsM cysticercosis, were detected in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples of Ac patients. Nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) genes of Ac were almost identical to those of T. solium but differed substantially from those of the other Taenia species. In phylogenetic analysis, Ac clustered with T. solium in a well-supported clade. Our results strongly suggest that Ac may have originated from T. solium.

W. T. Astbury and Ross G. Harrison: the search for the molecular determination of form in the developing embryo

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-219 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Amphibian Embryo ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Biology I ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
Molecular Determination

Amongst the Fellows elected to the Royal Society in 1941 were W. T. Astbury for his studies using X-ray analysis to study the structures of natural fibres, and amongst the Foreign Members elected that year was Ross G. Harrison for his contributions to embryology. Astbury and Harrison were very different in temperament, and worked in very different fields on either side of the Atlantic, yet they were united in their approach to the study of biological phenomena. Both Astbury and Harrison believed that the organization and form of biological materials whether wool fibres or the limb-bud in an amphibian embryo depended on molecular structure and pattern. Moreover both were concerned with dynamic aspects of form; Astbury’s greatest achievement was to demonstrate the dynamic, reversible folding and stretching of proteins in the k-m-e-f group, and Harrison looked to changing molecular patterns to account for changing symmetries in the developing embryo. It was this common approach that brought them together and led to Harrison spending a brief month in Leeds where they and K. M. Rudall performed what have been described as ‘truly progressive experiments in molecular biology’. I believe this short series of experiments illuminates the character and work of both Harrison and Astbury and illustrates the difficulties, practical and conceptual, in carrying out ‘progressive experiments’. I shall begin by reviewing briefly the embryological background of the time before going on to discuss in detail the approaches of Harrison and Astbury to their work and the outcome of their collaboration.

scholarly journals Puparia Cleaning Techniques for Forensic and Archaeo-Funerary Studies

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Jennifer Pradelli ◽  
Fabiola Tuccia ◽  
Giorgia Giordani ◽  
Stefano Vanin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Wrong Identification ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Diptera puparia may represent both in forensic and archaeo-funerary contexts the majority of the entomological evidence useful to reconstruct the peri and post-mortem events. Puparia identification is quite difficult due to the lack of identification keys and descriptions. In addition, external substances accumulated during the puparia permanence in the environment make the visualization of the few diagnostic characters difficult, resulting in a wrong identification. Six different techniques based on physical and chemical treatments have been tested for the removal of external substances from puparia to make identification at species level feasible. Furthermore, the effects of these methods on successful molecular analyses have also been tested as molecular identification is becoming an important tool to complement morphological identifications. The results of this study indicate that cleaning via warm water/soap, the sonication and treatment with a sodium hydroxide solution are the best methods to achieve a good quality of the samples.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL AND MOLECULAR DETERMINATION OF A ZINC COMPLEX WITH SCHIFF BASE

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. F. Santos ◽  
C. A. Wegermann ◽  
M. S. Monsalve ◽  
C. A. Simone ◽  
A. M. C. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Zinc Complex ◽  
Molecular Determination

scholarly journals The elected questions of condition of cellular factors of resistance during tick-borne mixed-infections

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
N. P. Pirogova ◽  
M. R. Karpova ◽  
V. V. Novitsky ◽  
A. P. Zima ◽  
O. V. Voronkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

The authors of the article are trying to generalize the literary data that characterizing proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines production of peripheral blood immune cells during tick-borne neuroinfections: Lyme borreliosis, associated with tick- borne encephalitis. The immune response development to antigens of a tick-borne encephalitis virus and Borrelia burgdorferi in pa- tients with a mixed-infection essentially differs from those during monoinfections.

scholarly journals Identification of the Pathogen Causing Stem Blight Disease on Chili in Sindangjaya Village, Cipanas, Cianjur, West Java Based on Morphological and Molecular Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Wartono Wartono
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
West Java ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

<p>Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is a vegetable commodity with high economic value which is widely cultivated by farmers in Indonesia. One of the obstacles faced in chili cultivation is stem rot disease. This study aimed to identify the pathogens that caused stem rot in chili plants obtained from one location in Sindangjaya Village, Cipanas District, Cianjur Regency, West Java Province based on morphological and molecular analyses. Pathogen identification was performed with morphological and molecular approaches. The morphological characters observed included colony shape, sporangium diameter, and mating type. The pathogenicity of the isolates was assayed by inoculating chili stems aged 40 days. Molecular identification was carried out using two pairs of primers for ITS regions and TEF-1 gene. Based on the results of morphological and molecular identification, as well as pathogenicity tests, it was confirmed that Phytophthora capsici pathogen was the causal agent of stem rot in chili plants collected from Sindangjaya Village. Further study is needed to determine the spread of the disease, damage, and yield loss caused by stem rot disease, as well as how to prevent and control the disease.</p>

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