Caliper Method Versus Digital Photogrammetry for Assessing Arch Height Index in Pregnant Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 406-410
Author(s):  
Kathryn D. Harrison ◽  
Jean L. McCrory
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Digital Photogrammetry ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Index Measurement ◽  
Foot Arch

Background: Foot anthropometry may be altered during pregnancy. Pregnant women often report lower-extremity pain that may be related to these alterations. The Arch Height Index Measurement System is a common method of foot arch assessment; however, the required calipers are costly and are not widely available. Thus, we compared the reliability of a digital photogrammetry method of arch height index (AHI) assessment with that of the Arch Height Index Measurement System. Methods: Ten pregnant women (mean ± SD: age, 29 ± 4 years; height, 166.9 ± 6.8 cm; weight, 63.3 ± 8.8 kg) in their second trimester were recruited to participate, along with a control group of 10 nulliparous weight-matched women (mean ± SD: age, 22 ± 2 years; height, 164.6 ± 4.8 cm; weight, 61.5 ± 8.1 kg). During the second and third trimesters, and once postpartum, AHI was assessed using calipers and using digital photogrammetry. Mixed model absolute agreement type intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine correlation between the two methods for sitting and standing AHI. Results: The ICC results for sitting AHI only (0.819–0.968) were reasonable for clinical measures; ICC values for standing AHI (0.674–0.789) did not reach values deemed reasonable for clinical use. Conclusions: Caliper and digital photogrammetry methods of AHI assessment are correlated in pregnant women; however, for standing AHI, the correlation is not sufficient for clinical use. Photogrammetry may still be appropriate for clinical use, as long as values from this method are not substituted directly for results obtained from calipers.

Arch Height Index Normative Values of College-Aged Women Using the Arch Height Index Measurement System

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendi H. Weimar ◽  
Justin F. Shroyer
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Index Measurement ◽  
Foot Arch ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

Background: The arch height index measurement system (AHIMS) device has been found to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the arch height index (AHI) of the feet of individuals; however, normative data for the AHI are lacking for various populations. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to establish population normative AHI values for college-aged females and to compare the observed AHI data across right and left feet. Methods: Seventy-nine college-aged females served as study participants, and both feet were measured using the AHIMS in the seated and standing positions. The AHI was calculated as the ratio of the dorsum height of the foot at half the total foot length to the length of the foot from the heel to the base of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Results: The mean ± SD AHI values for the left and right feet in the seated position were 0.355 ± 0.031 and 0.369 ± 0.034, respectively. The mean ± SD AHI values for the left and right feet in the standing position were 0.338 ± 0.031 and 0.343 ± 0.033, respectively. There were significant differences observed between the left and right feet for the seated (P < .001) and standing (P = .003) positions. Conclusions: Normative values were established for college-aged females for the AHI using the AHIMS. Differences were noted between the right and left feet of the participants sampled. Although normative values were obtained, we caution against using these values to classify foot arch types based solely on a sample of the population studied. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(3): 213–217, 2013)

Reliability and Relevance of Radiographic Measures of Metatarsus Primus Elevatus and Arch Alignment in Individuals with Midfoot Arthritis and Controls

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Rao ◽  
Katie Bell
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
First Metatarsal ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Metatarsal Angle ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Low arch alignment and metatarsus primus elevatus (MPE) have been postulated to increase dorsal compressive stresses in the joints of the medial column of the foot and to contribute to the development of degenerative changes. The primary purposes of this study were 1) to examine the relationship between radiographic measures of arch alignment and MPE and 2) to assess arch alignment and MPE in individuals with midfoot arthritis and in asymptomatic controls. The secondary aim was to examine the reliability of radiographic measures of arch alignment and MPE. Methods: Radiographic measures of arch height and MPE were quantified on 28 individuals with midfoot arthritis and 22 individuals in a control group. Reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The Pearson product moment correlation (r) was used to assess the relationship between arch alignment and MPE. Between-group differences were assessed using a two-sample t test (α = 0.05). Results: Good to excellent reliability was noted for measures of arch height (ICC[2,3] = 0.919–0.994) as well as MPE (ICC[2,3] = 0.891–0.882). A modest positive association was noted between normalized cortical elevation and normalized navicular height (r = 0.274, P = .030) and calcaneal inclination angle (r = 0.263, P = .035). Individuals with midfoot arthritis demonstrated lower arch alignment, reflected in a significantly higher calcaneal–first metatarsal angle (P = .002), lower calcaneal inclination angle (P = .004), and lower normalized navicular height (P < .001) compared with controls. No evidence was found to support between-group differences in lateral intermetatarsal angle (P = .495) and normalized cortical elevation (P = .146). Conclusions: These findings provide objective data establishing the reliability of measures of MPE and arch alignment and their potential clinical significance. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(5): 347–354, 2013)

scholarly journals Photographic Estimation of Arch Height of Adult Bangladeshi Male

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
M Tanveer Hossain Parash ◽  
Humaira Naushaba ◽  
Md Ashfaqur Rahman ◽  
Sadia Choudhury Shimmi
Keyword(s):  
Standing Position ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Third World Country ◽  
Index Measurement ◽  
Foot Arch ◽  
Rearfoot Eversion ◽  
Alternative Idea

Context: The height of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot is commonly thought to be a predisposing factor to injuries. High-arched runners exhibit more bony, ankle and lateral injuries but low-arched runners reveal a higher risk of soft tissue, knee and medial injuries. Moreover high-arched and low-arched people have greater rearfoot eversion excursions than those with normal arch structure. So, it is important to have relatively easy and reliable way to measure the height of foot arch. The most reliable and valid way of measuring the foot arch is by the arch height index measurement system (AHIMS). The AHIMS can be costly to buy or construct for a third world country like Bangladesh. An alternative idea developed recently involved the use of digital photography to assess the arch height. Study design: Cross sectional, analytical type of study. Place and period of the study: Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011. Materials and Method: A total number of 110 medical students of 3rd and 4th year were chosen by purposive sampling. Results: The values of arch height were 6.04 cm to 8.78 cm in sitting position and 4.83 cm to 7.03 cm in standing position respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17284 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 59-62

scholarly journals Dapatkah Kelas Ibu Hamil Model Virtual Meningkatkan Praktik Pencegahan Risiko Tinggi Kehamilan ?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ayun Sriatmi ◽  
Sri Suwitri ◽  
Zahroh Shaluhiyah ◽  
Sri Achadi Nugraheni
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Abstract The inability of pregnant women to identify and recognize danger signs of pregnancy indicates the lack of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of mothers about healthy pregnancies which has an impact on the low practices of prevention of high risk of pregnancy. Pregnant Women Class Program (KIH) which is held is not optimal because of the low presence of pregnant women for various reasons. The aim of study to determine the effect of the KIH-Virtual model on the practice of preventing high risk of pregnancy. This is a quasi-experimental study with case-control approach. The population is pregnant women in Semarang City. The total sample was 60 mothers for the intervention group and 61 mothers for control group. The independent variable is KIH-Virtual intervention and dependent variable is the practice of preventing high risk pregnancy (covering 7 dimensions). Data collection through interviews and observations with four times measurements (pretest, posttest 1,2,3). Partial analysis using independent-T test and Paired test. Simultaneous analysis with Linear-Mixed-Model. Statistically, there were differences in the practice of preventing high risk pregnancy between intervention groups and control at the last measurement (p<0.05). Although both groups experienced an increase in scores at each measurement stage, it was evident in the intervention group that the increase was higher for all dimensions of practice. The highest increase in the effect of interventions on communication and collaboration practices was followed by health status monitoring practices. Daily self-care practices and lifestyle practices are the dimensions with the lowest intervention effect. Virtual-KIH influences the practice of pregnant women in the prevention of high risk of pregnancy and is able to improve the practice better than conventional models that have been underway. Abstrak  Ketidakmampuan ibu hamil mengidentifikasi dan mengenali tanda bahaya kehamilan mengindikasikan rendahnya pengetahuan, sikap dan persepsi ibu tentang kehamilan sehat, yang berdampak pada rendahnya praktik pencegahan risiko tinggi kehamilan. Program Kelas Ibu Hamil (KIH) yang diselenggarakan belum optimal karena terkendala rendahnya kehadiran ibu hamil dengan berbagai alasannya. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis pengaruh model KIH Virtual terhadap praktik pencegahan risiko tinggi kehamilan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi experimental dengan pendekatan kasus-kontrol. Populasi adalah ibu hamil di Kota Semarang. Jumlah sampel 60 ibu untuk kelompok intervensi dan 61 ibu untuk kelompok kontrol. Variabel bebas yaitu intervensi KIH Virtual dan variabel terikatnya yaitu praktik pencegahan risiko tinggi kehamilan (meliputi 7 dimensi). Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan observasi dengan 4 kali pengukuran (pretest, posttest-1,2,3). Analisis parsial menggunakan uji beda independen dan berpasangan. Analisis simultan dengan Linear-Mixed-Model. Secara statistik ada perbedaan praktik pencegahan risiko tinggi kehamilan antara kelompok intervensi dengan kontrol pada pengukuran terakhir (p<0,05). Meski kedua kelompok mengalami peningkatan skor pada setiap tahap pengukuran, namun terbukti pada kelompok intervensi peningkatannya lebih tinggi untuk semua dimensi praktik. Peningkatan tertinggi efek intervensi pada praktik komunikasi dan kerjasama, diikuti praktik pemantauan status kesehatan. Praktik perawatan diri sehari-hari dan praktik gaya hidup merupakan dimensi praktik dengan efek intervensi terendah. KIH Virtual memengaruhi praktik ibu hamil dalam pencegahan risiko tinggi kehamilan dan mampu meningkatkan praktik tersebut dengan lebih baik dibandingkan model konvensional yang selama ini berlangsung.  

Arch Height Index Measurement System

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Butler ◽  
Howard Hillstrom ◽  
Jinsup Song ◽  
Christine J. Richards ◽  
Irene S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Index Measurement ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
Extremity Injuries

Background: The purposes of this study were 1) to determine the intrarater and interrater reliability of the arch height index measurement system device, 2) to establish population normative values for the arch height index in recreational runners, and 3) to compare arch height index values between the right and left feet and between genders. Methods: Eleven subjects were used to establish intrarater and interrater reliability of the arch height index measurement system. This system was then used to measure the arch height index of 100 recreational runners. Results: Measurements taken with the arch height index measurement system device exhibited high intrarater and interrater reliability. The mean ± SD arch height index of the recreational runners was 0.340 ± 0.030. Men had larger feet than women, but the arch height index between genders was similar. Conclusions: The arch height index measurement system device is reliable to use between testers while simplifying the measurement procedure for recording the arch height index. The arch height index may be helpful in identifying potential structural factors that predispose individuals to lower-extremity injuries. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 98(2): 102–106, 2008)

The Arch-Height-Index Measurement System: A New Method of Foot Classification

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 56-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl G. Mattacola ◽  
Jennifer S. Howard ◽  
Dustin Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
New Method ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
System A ◽  
Index Measurement

Reliability and Correlation of Static and Dynamic Foot Arch Measurement in a Healthy Pediatric Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Scholz ◽  
Astrid Zech ◽  
Karl Wegscheider ◽  
Susanne Lezius ◽  
Klaus-Michael Braumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Foot Arch ◽  
Arch Index

Background: Measurement of the medial longitudinal foot arch in children is a controversial topic, as there are many different methods without a definite standard procedure. The purpose of this study was to 1) investigate intraday and interrater reliability regarding dynamic arch index and static arch height, 2) explore the correlation between both arch indices, and 3) examine the variation of the medial longitudinal arch at two different times of the day. Methods: Eighty-six children (mean ± SD age, 8.9 ± 1.9 years) participated in the study. Dynamic footprint data were captured with a pedobarographic platform. For static arch measurements, a specially constructed caliper was used to assess heel-to-toe length and dorsum height. A mixed model was established to determine reliability and variation. Results: Reliability was found to be excellent for the static arch height index in sitting (intraday, 0.90; interrater, 0.80) and standing positions (0.88 and 0.85) and for the dynamic arch index (both 1.00). There was poor correlation between static and dynamic assessment of the medial longitudinal arch (standing dynamic arch index, r = –0.138; sitting dynamic arch index, r = –0.070). Static measurements were found to be significantly influenced by the time of day (P &lt; .001), whereas the dynamic arch index was unchanged (P = .845). This study revealed some further important findings. The static arch height index is influenced by gender (P = .004), whereas dynamic arch index is influenced by side (P = .011) and body mass index (P &lt; .001). Conclusions: Dynamic and static foot measurements are reliable for medial longitudinal foot arch assessment in children. The variation of static arch measurements during the day has to be kept in mind. For clinical purposes, static and dynamic arch data should be interpreted separately.

scholarly journals Arch Height Index, Arch Rigidity Index and Arch Stiffness Values in a Symptomatic Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Balsdon ◽  
Michaela E Khan ◽  
Dillon Richards ◽  
Colin E Dombroski
Keyword(s):  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Normative Sample ◽  
Weak Relationship ◽  
Index Measurement ◽  
Arch Structure ◽  
Rigidity Index

BACKGROUND: Normative studies on the Arch Height Index (AHI), Arch Rigidity Index (ARI), and arch stiffness have primarily focused on healthy populations, with little consideration of pathology. The purpose of this study was to create a normative sample of the aforementioned measurements in a pathological sample and to identify relationships between arch structure measurements and pathology. METHODS: AHI was obtained bilaterally at 10% and 90% weightbearing conditions using the Arch Height Index Measurement System (AHIMS). ARI and arch stiffness were calculated using AHI measurements. Dependent t-tests compared right and left, dominant and non-dominant, and injured and non-injured limbs. Measurements of the dominant foot were compared between sexes using independent t-tests. Relationships between arch stiffness and age, sex, and AHI were examined using the coefficient of determination (R2). One-way ANOVAs were used to determine differences between arch structure measurements and number of pathologies or BMI. RESULTS: A total of 110 participants reported either one (n=55), two (n=38), or three or more (n=17) pathologies. Plantar fasciitis (n=31) and hallux valgus (n=28) were the most commonly reported primary concerns. AHI, ARI, and arch stiffness did not differ between limbs for any comparisons, nor between sexes. Between subgroups of BMI and number of pathologies, no differences exist in AHI or ARI; however, BMI was found to have an impact on AHI (10%WB) and arch stiffness (p&lt;.05). Arch stiffness showed a weak relationship to AHI, where a higher AHI was associated with a stiffer arch (R2=0.06). CONCLUSIONS: Normative AHI, ARI and arch stiffness values were established in a pathological sample with a large incidence of plantar fasciitis and hallux valgus. Findings suggest relationships between arch stiffness and both BMI and arch height; however, few trends were noted in AHI and ARI. Determining relationships between arch structure and pathology is helpful for both clinicians and researchers.

Decompensation placental dysfunction: diagnostics and delivery tactics

2017 ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
V.I. Boyko ◽  
◽  
S.A. Tkachenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
Perinatal Pathology ◽  
Delivery Times ◽  
Case Rate ◽  
Major Factors

The objective: depression of frequency of perinatal pathology at women with decompensation form of placental dysfunction by improvement of the main diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Patients and methods. 154 pregnant women in gestation term from 22 to 40 weeks were surveyed. Depending on features of course of pregnancy and families of all surveyed it was divided into 4 groups. The group of the retrospective analysis was made by 45 pregnant women with decompensation placental dysfuction, the group of prospective research included 109 pregnant women of whom the main group was made by 38 women with decompensation form of placental dysfunction, the group of comparison included 47 pregnant women with the compensated form of placental dysfunction. The control group was made by 24 pregnant women with the uncomplicated course of pregnancy and labors. The complex of the conducted researches included clinical, ehografical, dopplerometrical, laboratory, morphological and statistical methods. Results. Use of advanced algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions allows to increase efficiency of diagnostics of decompensation form of placental dysfunction for 33.3%, and rational tactics of a delivery leads to depression of perinatal pathology for 22.7%. Conclusion. Decompensation placental dysfuction is one of the main reasons for perinatal mortality and a case rate at the present stage. Use of the algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions improved by us allows major factors of risk of this complication and the indication for change of tactics and delivery times. Key words: decompensation placental dysfunction, diagnostics, delivery tactics.

Clinical and microbiological aspects of vaginal microbiota at pregnant with threat of late miscarriages during treatment with vaginal gestagens forms

2017 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
I.P. Polishchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Late Miscarriage ◽  
Microbiological Aspects ◽  
Micronized Progesterone

The objective: was to examine the effectiveness of treatment of late miscarriage threat by micronized form of progesterone for 100 mg – 3 times a day in the form of gelatin pills and vaginal tablets with lactose. Patients and methods. Under our supervision there were 70 pregnant women with normocenosis of vagina (NCV) without extragenital pathology, which were not performed systemic or local treatment with antibacterial drugs in the last 4 weeks. Among them 25 pregnant women with TLSM treated by gelatin tablets of micronized progesterone (GTP) (group 1); 25 pregnant women with TLSM, treated by vaginal micronized progesterone tablets (VPT) (2nd group) and 20 healthy women with physiological pregnancy – PV (control group). The distribution of women in the group adhered to the principles of randomization. The age of examined women ranged from 19 to 32 years, most pregnant women were aged under 30 years (89.02%). General clinical examination was carried out according to the standard scheme according to the Order MH of Ukraine № 620. Results. During the research we have determined the colpocytologcal dynamics and state of vaginal microbiota in pregnant women with threatened late miscarriage with initial vaginal normocenosis before and after treatment whit vaginal forms of progesterone. Conclusion. The received results showed low efficiency of micronized progesterone gelatin dragee at threat of the late miscarriage that at small therapeutic effect has led to the development of vaginal dysbiosis in all surveyed. In contrast, the use of micronized progesterone vaginal tablets – the maximally rapid therapeutic effect without disturbance of vaginal normocenosis. Key words: the threat of a late miscarriage, vaginal micronized forms of progesterone.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document