scholarly journals Microbial consortia at steady supply

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thibaud Taillefumier ◽  
Anna Posfai ◽  
Yigal Meir ◽  
Ned S Wingreen
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Maximum Biomass ◽  
Metabolic Fluxes ◽  
Almost All

Metagenomics has revealed hundreds of species in almost all microbiota. In a few well-studied cases, microbial communities have been observed to coordinate their metabolic fluxes. In principle, microbes can divide tasks to reap the benefits of specialization, as in human economies. However, the benefits and stability of an economy of microbial specialists are far from obvious. Here, we physically model the population dynamics of microbes that compete for steadily supplied resources. Importantly, we explicitly model the metabolic fluxes yielding cellular biomass production under the constraint of a limited enzyme budget. We find that population dynamics generally leads to the coexistence of different metabolic types. We establish that these microbial consortia act as cartels, whereby population dynamics pins down resource concentrations at values for which no other strategy can invade. Finally, we propose that at steady supply, cartels of competing strategies automatically yield maximum biomass, thereby achieving a collective optimum.

Effects of Community Versus Single Strain Inoculants on the Biocontrol of Salmonella and Microbial Community Dynamics in Alfalfa Sprouts†

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANABELLE MATOS ◽  
JAY L. GARLAND
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Acridine Orange Staining ◽  
Physiological Profiles ◽  
Alfalfa Sprouts ◽  
Alfalfa Seeds

Potential biological control inoculants, Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 and microbial communities derived from market sprouts or laboratory-grown alfalfa sprouts, were introduced into alfalfa seeds with and without a Salmonella inoculum. We examined their ability to inhibit the growth of this foodborne pathogen and assess the relative effects of the inoculants on the alfalfa microbial community structure and function. Alfalfa seeds contaminated with a Salmonella cocktail were soaked for 2 h in bacterial suspensions from each inoculant tested. Inoculated alfalfa seeds were grown for 7 days and sampled during days 1, 3, and 7. At each sampling, alfalfa sprouts were sonicated for 7 min to recover microflora from the surface, and the resulting suspensions were diluted and plated on selective and nonselective media. Total bacterial counts were obtained using acridine orange staining, and the percentage culturability was calculated. Phenotypic potential of sprout-associated microbial communities inoculated with biocontrol treatments was assessed using community-level physiological profiles based on patterns of use of 95 separate carbon sources in Biolog plates. Community-level physiological profiles were also determined using oxygen-sensitive fluorophore in BD microtiter plates to examine functional patterns in these communities. No significant differences in total and mesophilic aerobe microbial cell density or microbial richness resulting from the introduction of inoculants on alfalfa seeds with and without Salmonella were observed. P. fluorescens 2-79 exhibited the greatest reduction in the growth of Salmonella early during alfalfa growth (4.22 log at day 1), while the market sprout inoculum had the reverse effect, resulting in a maximum log reduction (5.48) of Salmonella on day 7. Community-level physiological profiles analyses revealed that market sprout communities peaked higher and faster compared with the other inoculants tested. These results suggest that different modes of actions of single versus microbial consortia biocontrol treatments may be involved.

Phylum-Specific Primer Design and Implication in Quantification of the Microbial Community Structure in GuJingGong Pit Mud

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Mei Luo ◽  
Zhi Lei Gao ◽  
Hui Min Zhang ◽  
An Jun Li ◽  
Hong Kui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Pit Mud ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers

In recent years, despite the significant improvement of sequencing technologies such as the pyrosequencing, rapid evaluation of microbial community structures remains very difficult because of the abundance and complexity of organisms in almost all natural microbial communities. In this paper, a group of phylum-specific primers were elaborately designed based on a single nucleotide discrimination technology to quantify the main microbial community structure from GuJingGong pit mud samples using the real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Specific PCR (polymerase chain reaction) primers targeting a particular group would provide promising sensitivity and more in-depth assessment of microbial communities.

scholarly journals Faecal Microbiota of Forage-Fed Horses in New Zealand and the Population Dynamics of Microbial Communities following Dietary Change

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e112846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlette A. Fernandes ◽  
Sandra Kittelmann ◽  
Christopher W. Rogers ◽  
Erica K. Gee ◽  
Charlotte F. Bolwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Dietary Change ◽  
Faecal Microbiota

Anabaenopsis morphospecies (Cyanobacteria, Nostocales) from Los Patos shallow lake (Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 272 (3) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANABELLA AGUILERA ◽  
JIŘĺ KOMÁREK ◽  
RICARDO O. ECHENIQUE
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Shallow Lake ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
American Continent ◽  
First Report ◽  
Almost All

The genus Anabaenopsis comprises about 20 morphospecies distributed in plankton of tropical, subtropical and temperate regions during warm periods. The morphological diversity and population dynamics of Anabaenopsis species from one artificial shallow lake from the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, was studied during summer 2005 and 2006; and from April 2012 to May 2014. The most common and abundant species were identified as A. elenkinii and A. cf. cunningtonii (first report in Argentina). Anabaenopsis circularis and A. milleri (first report in the American continent and Argentina) were less common, whereas A. nadsonii was rarely observed. Almost all species contributed to algal blooms during warm periods. However, some species were registered even under the lowest temperatures recorded (7.5 °C) and sustained biovolume also during winter (A. milleri, A. elenkinii and A. cf. cunningtonii). These results indicate that some species of the genus are capable of growing at temperatures much lower than 20°C. The species richness noted in this study suggests that there is likely much more diversity remaining on this genus to be reported in Argentina.

scholarly journals Strongly Deterministic Population Dynamics in Closed Microbial Communities

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zak Frentz ◽  
Seppe Kuehn ◽  
Stanislas Leibler
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Communities

scholarly journals Fermentation process of mulberry juice-whey based Tibetan kefir beverage production

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 494-501
Author(s):  
Li BO ◽  
Gao Xin ◽  
Li Na ◽  
Mei Jun
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Fermented Beverage ◽  
Ethyl Caproate ◽  
Kefir Grains ◽  
Volatile Flavour ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Mulberry Juice ◽  
Potential Substrate

Mixture of mulberry juice and whey was evaluated as a potential substrate for the production of a beverage by Tibetan kefir grains. Different mulberry juice addition was used. Acidity, pH, volatile flavour compounds as well as microbial communities were determined during 40 h of fermentation at 18°C. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis revealed that ethanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol were dominant alcohols, and ethyl caprylate, ethyl caprate, ethyl acetate and ethyl caproate were the most dominant ester compounds. The microbial communities of fermented beverage were close to kefir grains indicating that they had similar microbial communities gradually during the fermentation process. Lactococcus was frequently detected at the beginning and then Lactobacillus rapidly proliferated after acclimatizing to the fermentation environment. Acetobacter was steadily increasing during the fermentation process. For the fungi, Candida was frequently detected with the highest abundances in almost all samples.

scholarly journals Applying indirect open-circuit calorimetry to study energy expenditure in gnotobiotic mice harboring different human gut microbial communities

Microbiome ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilia G. Halatchev ◽  
David O’Donnell ◽  
Matthew C. Hibberd ◽  
Jeffrey I. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Gnotobiotic Mice ◽  
Environmental Microbes

AbstractGiven the increasing use of gnotobiotic mouse models for deciphering the effects of human microbial communities on host biology, there is a need to develop new methods for characterizing these animals while maintaining their isolation from environmental microbes. We describe a method for performing open-circuit indirect calorimetry on gnotobiotic mice colonized with gut microbial consortia obtained from different human donors. In this illustrative case, cultured collections of gut bacterial strains were obtained from obese and lean co-twins. The approach allows microbial contributions to host energy homeostasis to be characterized.

scholarly journals Need for Laboratory Ecosystems To Unravel the Structures and Functions of Soil Microbial Communities Mediated by Chemistry

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateryna Zhalnina ◽  
Karsten Zengler ◽  
Dianne Newman ◽  
Trent R. Northen
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Genome Annotations

ABSTRACTThe chemistry underpinning microbial interactions provides an integrative framework for linking the activities of individual microbes, microbial communities, plants, and their environments. Currently, we know very little about the functions of genes and metabolites within these communities because genome annotations and functions are derived from the minority of microbes that have been propagated in the laboratory. Yet the diversity, complexity, inaccessibility, and irreproducibility of native microbial consortia limit our ability to interpret chemical signaling and map metabolic networks. In this perspective, we contend that standardized laboratory ecosystems are needed to dissect the chemistry of soil microbiomes. We argue that dissemination and application of standardized laboratory ecosystems will be transformative for the field, much like how model organisms have played critical roles in advancing biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology. Community consensus on fabricated ecosystems (“EcoFABs”) along with protocols and data standards will integrate efforts and enable rapid improvements in our understanding of the biochemical ecology of microbial communities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document