scholarly journals The Costly and Demanding—Exploring Solution-Based Othering of ‘Non-European Immigrants’ in Norwegian Policy Recommendations

Nordlit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Mosgaard Andreasen
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Social Challenge ◽  
European Immigrants ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Welfare State

This article examines the Norwegian scholarly report titled NOU 2017:2—Integration and Trust: Long-Term Consequences of High Immigration (English translation; chapter 1.1) to unpack how ‘non-European immigrants’ are constructed as an economic and social challenge for the welfare state. Principles from discourse theory (DT) and the conceptual framework of othering are applied to discuss how the designation of this category of people as objects of qualification/integration may serve to reify racialized relations of inferiorized difference between white Norwegian majorities and societal newcomers from the Global South. The author tracks this dynamic to a discourse in which the relationship between the Norwegian state and immigrants from countries outside of Europe is organized as a binary opposition between a vulnerable self and an overwhelming, inherently faceless ‘other’. It is suggested that the othering enabled in the NOU (Norges Offentlige Utredninger) report can be viewed as a specific production of monstrosity: a horror-vision of a failing, unintegrated welfare state that needs safeguarding against abnormal, ‘huge waves’ of immigrants from ‘further south’. The argument is finally presented that the report’s vision of integration, by being coded with the logic of presenting a necessary response to an existential threat to welfare state structures, engenders a precarious form of social distancing that is theorized as solution-based othering.

War and the State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Ball
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
British State ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Welfare State

This chapter characterizes the relationship of the British state to war over the long term. It analyses two epistemic turning points for the war–state relationship, one occurring in the 1860s, the other in the 1970s. It explains the importance of war to the British state under the ‘fiscal security’ compromise.The chapter traces the long and uneven emergence of the ‘welfare state’ as a successor to the ‘warfare state’. It argues that the ‘warfare state’ paradigm loses much of its empirical and conceptual force if it were to be extended beyond 1970. The relationship of the state to war changed so fundamentally at that point that history, the chapter suggests, ceased to be a useful guide for future conduct.

scholarly journals What Do Migrants Know About Their Childcare Rights? A First Exploration in West Germany

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Seibel
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Migrant Families ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Migrant Groups ◽  
The Welfare State

AbstractAlthough an increasing number of studies emphasise migrants’ lack of knowledge about their childcare rights as a crucial barrier to their childcare usage, almost none examines the conditions under which migrant families acquire this knowledge. This study contributes to the literature by exploring potential individual factors determining migrant families’ knowledge about their childcare rights in Germany. I use unique data collected through the project Migrants’ Welfare State Attitudes (MIFARE), in which nine different migrant groups in Germany were surveyed about their relation to the welfare state, including childcare. Analysing a total sample of 623 migrants living with children in their household and by using logistic regression analyses, I find that human and social capital play significant roles in explaining migrants’ knowledge about their childcare rights. Migrants who speak the host language sufficiently are more likely to know about their childcare rights; however, it does not matter whether migrants are lower or higher educated. Moreover, I observe that migrants benefit from their co-ethnic relations only if childcare usage is high among their ethnic group. Based on these results, policy recommendations are discussed in order to increase migrants’ knowledge about their childcare rights in Germany.

scholarly journals Welfare and citizenship

Intersections ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariann Dósa
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Democratic Citizenship ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
Academic Discourses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Welfare State

Ever since Marshall (1965), the relationship between welfare and citizenship has been a key topic in political and academic discourses, and this interrelationship is still far from being unambiguous. This paper reviews mainstream approaches to the welfare–citizenship nexus and argues that shifting our focus to an alternative perspective – viewing welfare as an agent of citizenship socialisation – provides a more comprehensive understanding of both democratic citizenship as a concept and its interrelationship with the welfare state. This view broadens our understanding of the functions of welfare, being a key agent of democracy among others; therefore it has crucial policy implications.   

Le vie cristiane della sicurezza sociale. I cattolici italiani e il welfare state

2013 ◽  
pp. 91-120
Author(s):  
Edoardo Bressan
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
State Model ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Social State ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Christian Socialism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Welfare State

In Italy, from the 1930s until the end of the century, the relationship between the Catholic world and the development of the Social state becomes a very relevant theme. Social thought and Catholic historiography issues witness a European civilisation crisis, by highlighting problems of poverty and historical forms of assistance. Furthermore, by following the 1931 Pope Pius XI encyclical Quadragesimo anno these issues interacted with fascist corporativism. After 1945, other key experiences arose, as the discussion on social security as the conclusion of the whole public assistance debate shown. These themes are reported in the Bologna social week works in 1949 and in Fanfani's and La Pira's positions, which present several correspondences with British and French worlds, such as Christian socialism, Reinhold Niebuhr's thought and Maritain's remarks. The 1948 Republican Constitution adopts the Welfare State model assumptions, and it is in those very years that the problem of a system based on a universal outlook arose. Afterwards, governments of coalition led by centre and left-wing parties fostered social security through welfare and health reforms until the '80s. While this model falls into crisis, and new social actors begin to be involved in a context of subsidiarity.

Justifying Interventions—The Case of ECOWAS in Liberia

2021 ◽  
pp. 339-354
Author(s):  
Nina Wilén
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Military Interventions ◽  
Discursive Analysis ◽  
System P ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Constitutive Norm ◽  
Normative Order ◽  
The Relationship

In contrast to the other chapters in Part V, Nina Wilén’s focus is on multilateral military interventions at the regional level: She explores the relationship between sovereignty, intervention, and the international normative order, by examining how ECOWAS, an African regional organization, justified its intervention in Liberia’s civil war referring to international norms. Based on a critical discursive analysis of the speeches related to ECOWAS’ decision to intervene in Liberia in 1990, as well as the responses the justifications provoked from the UN and the United States, it is argued that ECOWAS’ intervention and the justifications which accompanied it were clearly influenced by an international normative order where sovereignty is the key constitutive norm and non-intervention the main regulative norm. Yet the fact that ECOWAS also violated the very same norms through its intervention, created a precedent for future regional interventions and implied long-term consequences for the international normative system.

‘The Organized Selfishness of Empire’

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Sandra den Otter
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Political System ◽  
The Self ◽  
Civilizing Mission ◽  
Victorian Britain ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Welfare State

This essay examines T. H. Green’s evolving ideas on empire. Professor of moral philosophy in Oxford until his death in 1882, Green was the most prominent and respected philosophical idealist in Victorian Britain. The influence of his personal example and of his ideas has been traced by Jose Harris and other historians of the welfare state down to the 1940s. Initially enthusiastic for the civilizing mission of empire, Green came to see that any political system or relationship imposed by force, or dependent on coercion or control, was intrinsically incompatible with the ideals of citizenship, voluntarism, and solidarity that define the good community and make possible the self-realization of individuals within it. The essay opens up a new field for discussion and research: the relationship between idealist welfare thinking and imperialism. It argues that empire had a major impact on idealist notions of social welfare.

scholarly journals Immigration policy and the modern welfare state, 1880–1920

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Kalm ◽  
Johannes Lindvall
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
German Empire ◽  
Modern Welfare State ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Welfare State

This article puts contemporary debates about the relationship between immigration policy and the welfare state in historical perspective. Relying on new historical data, the article examines the relationship between immigration policy and social policy in Western Europe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when the modern welfare state emerged. Germany already had comparably strict immigration policies when the German Empire introduced the world’s first national social insurances in the 1880s. Denmark, another early social-policy adopter, also pursued restrictive immigration policies early on. Almost all other countries in Western Europe started out with more liberal immigration policies than Germany’s and Denmark’s, but then adopted more restrictive immigration policies and more generous social policies concurrently. There are two exceptions, Belgium and Italy, which are discussed in the article.

scholarly journals Power and Persuasion: Processes by Which Perceived Power Can Influence Evaluative Judgments

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Briñol ◽  
Richard E. Petty ◽  
Geoffrey R. O. Durso ◽  
Derek D. Rucker
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Evaluative Judgments ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Approach ◽  
Perceived Power

The present review focuses on how power—as a perception regarding the self, the source of the message, or the message itself—affects persuasion. Contemporary findings suggest that perceived power can increase or decrease persuasion depending on the circumstances and thus might result in both short-term and long-term consequences for behavior. Given that perceptions of power can produce different, and even opposite, effects on persuasion, it might seem that any relationship is possible and thus prediction is elusive or impossible. In contrast, the present review provides a unified perspective to understand and organize the psychological literature on the relationship between perceived power and persuasion. To accomplish this objective, present review identifies distinct mechanisms by which perceptions of power can influence persuasion and discusses when these mechanisms are likely to operate. In doing so, this article provides a structured approach for studying power and persuasion via antecedents, consequences, underlying psychological processes, and moderators. Finally, the article also discusses how power can affect evaluative judgments more broadly.

The Welfare State: A Fundamental Dimension of Modern Government

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Garland
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
State Government ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Specific Mode ◽  
Social Fact ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
The Welfare State

AbstractWhat, in fact,isthe Welfare State? This article traces the emergence of the welfare state as a specific mode of government, describing its distinctive rationality as well as its characteristic forms, functions and effects. It identifies five sectors of welfare governance, the relations between them, and the various forms these take in different times and places. It discusses the contradictory commitments that shape welfare state practices and the problems associated with these practices and contradictions. It situates welfare state government within a long-term account of the changing relations between the social and the economic spheres. And it argues that the welfare state ought to be understood as a “normal social fact”—an essential (though constantly contested) part of the social and economic organization of modern capitalist societies.

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