Mapping long-term spatial trends of the Taimyr wild reindeer population

This report presents preliminary results of mapping and analyzing wild reindeer spatial dynamics in Taimyr, Russia. We collected, spatially referenced, and systematized comprehensive aerial and land survey information spanning from 1969 to 2003, which is the most complete long-term data available about a wild reindeer herd in Eurasia. The report introduces some of the mapping products and presents a summary of our observations on spatiotemporal changes in reindeer distribution and migration. Using these data and new digital products in the GIS (Geographic Information Systems) environment, we were able to observe the long-term shift of the Taimyr Reindeer Herd's summer, winter, and calving areas to the east and south with a simultaneous expansion of the habitat. We identified and confirmed locations of large reindeer concentrations (herds) seasonally formed throughout the study period. Using the most recent summer survey data (2009) we also were able to confirm the existence of two major migration flows in the fall: eastern (most reindeer) and western.

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Regional Integration: Do Intra-African Trade and Migration Improve Income in Africa?

International Regional Science Review ◽

10.1177/0160017619874852 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 587-631 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Blaise Gnimassoun

Keyword(s):

Regional Integration ◽

Capita Income ◽

Per Capita Income ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Wide Range ◽

Per Capita ◽

Migration Flows ◽

And Migration ◽

The Impact

Regional integration in Africa is a subject of great interest, but its impact on income has not been studied sufficiently. Using cross-sectional and panel estimations, this article examines the impact of African integration on real per capita income in Africa. Accordingly, we consider intra-African trade and migration flows as quantitative measures reflecting the intensity of regional integration. To address the endogeneity concerns, we use a gravity-based, two-stage least-squares strategy. Our results show that, from a long-term perspective, African integration has not been strong enough to generate a positive, significant, and robust impact on real per capita income in Africa. However, it does appear to be significantly income-enhancing in the short and medium terms but only through intercountry migration. These results are robust to a wide range of specifications.

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Immigration after Brexit

National Institute Economic Review ◽

10.1177/002795011623800111 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 238 ◽

pp. R13-R21 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jonathan Portes

Keyword(s):

Policy Change ◽

Migration Policy ◽

Short Term ◽

Key Issues ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Migration Flows ◽

And Migration ◽

The Uk ◽

New System

This paper examines the short and long-term impacts of the UK referendum on migration flows and migration policy. Even in the short term – before any policy change – the vote will affect migration flows directly and indirectly through both economic and other channels. Post Brexit, two key issues will need to be addressed. Will the UK preserve a substantial measure of preference for EU citizens in any new system? And will policy tilt in a liberal or restrictive direction?

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Working together: new directions in global labour history

Journal of Global History ◽

10.1017/s1740022815000352 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 66-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Leo Lucassen

Keyword(s):

Added Value ◽

Labour Relations ◽

Working Together ◽

Innovative Work ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Labour History ◽

And Migration ◽

Core Questions ◽

Term Data

AbstractThe aim of this article is to show the added value of global history that puts labour and labour relations as independent variables in the centre and uses structured long-term data by collaborating closely with historians in various parts of the world. The first part focuses primarily on the global labour relations approach, within the broader debate on social inequality and migration. The second part illustrates the potential of labour as an independent variable by reflecting on recent innovative work pertaining to labour-intensive industrializations in East Asia and Europe. The third part employs the perspective of migration to show the interrelated nature of labour relations and labour. Using the insights from the global labour relations approach and by taking labour seriously, the article will help to address core questions in labour history in a more structural way: why has work been valued and compensated in very different ways over the past five centuries? And how have people individually or collectively influenced these conditions? To find answers, it is crucial to make use of standardized empirical data, structured global comparisons, and more intensive collaborations.

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Hydrogeological responses in tropical mountainous springs

Memorias del I Congreso Internacional de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales ◽

10.15359/cicen.1.37 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Central Valley ◽

Distribution Functions ◽

Geochemical Composition ◽

Transit Times ◽

Management Plans ◽

Best Fit ◽

Term Data

This study presents a hydrogeochemical analysis of spring responses (2013-2017) in the tropical mountainous region of the Central Valley of Costa Rica. The isotopic distribution of δ18O and δ2H in rainfall resulted in a highly significant meteoric water line: δ2H = 7.93×δ18O + 10.37 (r2=0.97). Rainfall isotope composition exhibited a strong dependent seasonality. The isotopic variation (δ18O) of two springs within the Barva aquifer was simulated using the FlowPC program to determine mean transit times (MTTs). Exponential-piston and dispersion distribution functions provided the best-fit to the observed isotopic composition at Flores and Sacramento springs, respectively. MTTs corresponded to 1.23±0.03 (Sacramento) and 1.42±0.04 (Flores) years. The greater MTT was represented by a homogeneous geochemical composition at Flores, whereas the smaller MTT at Sacramento is reflected in a more variable geochemical response. The results may be used to enhance modelling efforts in central Costa Rica, whereby scarcity of long-term data limits water resources management plans.

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Morphometric studies of artemia males from different populations of the Altai region

Rybovodstvo i rybnoe hozjajstvo (Fish Breeding and Fisheries) ◽

10.33920/sel-09-2007-03 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 28-38

Author(s):

L. Vesnina ◽

G. Lukerina ◽

T. Ronzhina ◽

A. Savos’kin ◽

D. Surkov

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Hydrogen Index ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Altai Region ◽

Sexual Structure ◽

Different Populations ◽

Artemia Population ◽

Term Data ◽

Brine Salinity

The long-term data from morphometric studies of Artemia males from bisexual and parthenogenetic populations from hyperhaline reservoirs of the Altai region (Bolshoe Yarovoe Lake, Maloe Shklo Lake, and the Tanatar Lakes system) is analyzed in this paper. The description of signs of sexual dimorphism and sexual structure in different populations is given. The influence of brine salinity and hydrogen index on morphometric parameters of males was analyzed. There are differences in the sexual structure of the Artemia population: in the lakes Maloe Shklo and the thanatar system, the populations are bisexual (the share of males is 28.5 — 75.0 %), in the lake Bolshoe yarovoe — parthenogenetic (the share of males on average does not exceed 3 %). At the same time, sexual dimorphism is typical for both types of populations: females are larger than males, males have a larger head (the distance between the eyes is greater by 15.5 %, the diameter of the eye is 26.1 %, the length of the antenna is 22.3 %) and a larger number of bristles (36.1 %). The greatest variability is observed in the parameters of the Furka structure associated with the salinity of water by feedback and the pH — line indicator. Significant differences between the samples of males were revealed. The largest number of significant differences in morphometric indicators was found between samples of males from bisexual populations (lake thanatar and lake Maloe Shklo), the smallest — between males from the parthenogenetic population of lake Bolshoe yarovoe and males from lake Maloe Shklo.

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Information technology. Digitally recorded media for information interchange and storage. Test method for the estimation of lifetime of optical disks for long-term data storage

10.3403/30341531u ◽

2017 ◽

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Data Storage ◽

Test Method ◽

Storage Test ◽

Optical Disks ◽

Information Interchange ◽

And Storage ◽

Term Data

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Information technology. Digitally recorded media for information interchange and storage. Test method for the estimation of lifetime of optical disks for long-term data storage

10.3403/30341531 ◽

2017 ◽

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Data Storage ◽

Test Method ◽

Storage Test ◽

Optical Disks ◽

Information Interchange ◽

And Storage ◽

Term Data

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Global dynamics of international migration systems across South–South, North–North, and North–South flows, 1990–2015

Applied Network Science ◽

10.1007/s41109-020-00322-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Diego F. Leal ◽

Nicolas L. Harder

Keyword(s):

International Migration ◽

Network Effects ◽

Global Dynamics ◽

Core Set ◽

Migration Dynamics ◽

Key Drivers ◽

Migration Flows ◽

And Migration ◽

Migration Systems

AbstractEvidence from 184 countries over the span of 25 years is gathered and analyzed to understand North–North, South–South, and North–South international migration flows. Conceptually, the analysis borrows from network theory and Migration Systems Theory (MST) to develop a model to characterize the structure and evolution of international migration flows. Methodologically, the Stochastic Actor-oriented Model of network dynamics is used to jointly model the three types of flows under analysis. Results show that endogenous network effects at the monadic, dyadic, and triadic levels of analysis are relevant to understand the emergence and evolution of migration flows. The findings also show that a core set of non-network covariates, suggested by MST as key drivers of migration flows, does not always explain migration dynamics in the systems under analysis in a consistent fashion; thus, suggesting the existence of important levels of heterogeneity inherent to these three types of flows. Finally, evidence related to the role of political instability and countries’ care deficits is also discussed as part of the analysis. Overall, the results highlight the importance of analyzing flows across the globe beyond typically studied migratory corridors (e.g., North–South flows) or regions (e.g., Europe).

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Climate Mobility and Development Cooperation

Population and Environment ◽

10.1007/s11111-021-00387-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Robert Stojanov ◽

Sarah Rosengaertner ◽

Alex de Sherbinin ◽

Raphael Nawrotzki

Keyword(s):

Climate Adaptation ◽

Human Mobility ◽

Climate Impacts ◽

Development Cooperation ◽

Climate Variability And Change ◽

Policy Frameworks ◽

And Migration ◽

And Function ◽

Role And Function

AbstractDevelopment cooperation actors have been addressing climate change as a cross-cutting issue and investing in climate adaptation projects since the early 2000s. More recently, as concern has risen about the potential impacts of climate variability and change on human mobility, development cooperation actors have begun to design projects that intentionally address the drivers of migration, including climate impacts on livelihoods. However, to date, we know little about the development cooperation’s role and function in responding to climate related mobility and migration. As such, the main aim of this paper is to outline the policy frameworks and approaches shaping development cooperation actors’ engagement and to identify areas for further exploration and investment. First, we frame the concept of climate mobility and migration and discuss some applicable policy frameworks that govern the issue from various perspectives; secondly, we review the toolbox of approaches that development cooperation actors bring to climate mobility; and third, we discuss the implications of the current Covid-19 pandemic and identify avenues for the way forward. We conclude that ensuring safe and orderly mobility and the decent reception and long-term inclusion of migrants and displaced persons under conditions of more severe climate hazards, and in the context of rising nationalism and xenophobia, poses significant challenges. Integrated approaches across multiple policy sectors and levels of governance are needed. In addition to resources, development cooperation actors can bring data to help empower the most affected communities and regions and leverage their convening power to foster more coordinated approaches within and across countries.

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