Chapter 10. Phonology: Pre-Slavic and Common Slavic Vowels and Diphthongs

Septentrio Educational ◽

10.7557/8.3500 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Tore Nesset

Keyword(s):

Font Size ◽

The Difference ◽

Contemporary Standard ◽

Modern Russian

Now that you have learned about morphology and syntax, you are ready for phonology – the study of sound systems. Phonology is the topic of this and the following three chapters. We start with vowels and diphthongs in the Pre-Slavic and Common Slavic periods. You will learn how the difference between short and long vowels disappeared, and how a number of sound laws created a special type of syllables called “open syllables”. In addition, this chapter gives you the answer to a number of questions about Modern Russian. Why are there no words beginning with the letter ы in Contemporary Standard Russian? Why is ‘city’ represented as град in Leningrad and Stalingrad, but город in Novgorod? Why does the letter н show up in the inflected forms of nouns like имя and время (cf. nominative singular имя vs. genitive singular имени)? Click on the links below to learn more!<a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3500/135" target="_blank">10.4 Open syllables </a> - licensed under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a><a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3500/135" target="_blank"> </a>

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Chapter 11. Phonology: Pre-Slavic and Common Slavic Consonants

Septentrio Educational ◽

10.7557/8.3501 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Tore Nesset

Keyword(s):

Font Size ◽

Different Shapes ◽

Contemporary Standard ◽

Modern Russian

While studying Modern Russian grammar, you have no doubt struggled with the consonant alternations in verbal stems. Why does the stem have different shapes in могу ‘I can’ and можешь ‘you can’? Why are there consonant alternations in verbs like писать ‘write’ (пишу, пишешь, пишут) and любить ‘love’ (люблю, любишь, любят)? And why are alternations characteristic of verbs, but not of nouns? In order to find answers, we have to go back in time. This chapter compares the consonant system of Contemporary Standard Russian with those of Late Proto-Indo-European, Proto-Slavic, and Old Rusian (section 11.1), and then takes you through consonant changes in Pre-Slavic (sections 11.2–11.3) and Common Slavic (sections 11.4–11.9). Click on the links below to learn more!<a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3501/161">11.3 Ruki rule</a>

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PENGENDALIAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH OLEH TEH HIJAU DAN ATAU TEH DAUN MURBEI PADA TIKUS DIABETES

Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan ◽

10.25182/jgp.2010.5.2.87-94 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Rusman Efendi ◽

Evy Damayanthi ◽

Lilik Kustiyah ◽

Nastiti Kusumorini

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Green Tea ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Font Size ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The Difference ◽

Control Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is degeneratif disease with high prevalence that happens in many countries. Several studies had been done to control diabetes by using green tea, mullberry leaf tea, and their mixture. The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of the administration green tea, mullbery leaf tea, and their mixtures to blood glucose level of diabetic rats both during 120 minutes after administration. This research had four phases, first to determine the best mullberry leaf tea, second to fourth phases respectively, determine turnover of blood glucose level on normal rats; attempt during 120 minutes on diabetic rats. The result of research during 120 minutes have showed that blood glucose level on diabetic rats which were administered by green tea, mullberry leaf tea and their mixture is significantly difference with diabetic rats which were administered by water. Blood glucose level at baseline increased at 30th minutes and showed the difference significantly and then until 60th and 120th minutes and relatively stable. During 120 minutes after feed consumption, inhibition of blood glucose level occured increasingly on diabetic rats which were administered by green tea, mullberry leaf tea, and their mixture compared to diabetic rats which were administered by water.

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L'anglicisme dans la langue française

Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities ◽

10.29037/digitalpress.43286 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 00013

Author(s):

Danny Susanto

Keyword(s):

English Language ◽

Oil Industry ◽

English Word ◽

Public Institutions ◽

Font Size ◽

The World ◽

French Speaking ◽

The Difference ◽

Definition Of ◽

Bibliographic Study

The purpose of this study is to analyze the phenomenon known as “anglicism”: a loan made to the English language by another language. Anglicism arose either from the adoption of an English word as a result of a translation defect despite the existence of an equivalent term in the language of the speaker, or from a wrong translation, as a word-by-word translation. Said phenomenon is very common nowadays and most languages of the world including making use of some linguistic concepts such as anglicism, neologism, syntax, morphology etc, this article addresses various aspects related to Anglicisms in French through a bibliographic study: the definition of Anglicism, the origin of Anglicisms in French and the current situation, the areas most affected by Anglicism, the different categories of Anglicism, the difference between French Anglicism in France and French-speaking Canada, the attitude of French-speaking society towards to the Anglicisms and their efforts to stop this phenomenon. The study shows that the areas affected are, among others, trade, travel, parliamentary and judicial institutions, sports, rail, industrial production and most recently film, industrial production, sport, oil industry, information technology, science and technology. Various initiatives have been implemented either by public institutions or by individuals who share concerns about the increasingly felt threat of the omnipresence of Anglicism in everyday life.

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Methodological Choices In Detecting Divergent Earnings

Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) ◽

10.19030/jabr.v16i3.2047 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Author(s):

David T. Doran

Keyword(s):

Market Price ◽

Test Statistics ◽

Font Size ◽

Methodological Choices ◽

Random Samples ◽

Nonparametric Statistical Methods ◽

Expected Earnings ◽

The Difference ◽

Reported Earnings ◽

Nonparametric Statistical

This paper empirically tests for methodological superiority in detecting divergent earnings (the difference between actual and expected earnings).  Divergent earnings are generated using Value Line forecasted and reported earnings data.  Two hundred random samples of 100 cases each are drawn.    One hundred independent two sample tests are performed with 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10 % positive earnings introduced.  The two sample tests are performed using both parametric (t test), and nonparametric (Mann Whitney test) statistics.  They are performed on the “divergent earnings” data deflated by: 1) forecasted earnings , and 2) the market price of the stock.  The results indicate that the superior alternative is nonparametric statistical methods based upon ranks, and the deflator choice under these nonparametric methods is of little consequence.

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Chapter 4. Morphology: Nouns

Septentrio Educational ◽

10.7557/8.3494 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Tore Nesset

Keyword(s):

Font Size ◽

Contemporary Standard ◽

Russian Section

Learning Contemporary Standard Russian, you have struggled with all the exceptions from the rules. Where do the exceptional inflections of words such as время ‘time’, телёнок ‘calf’ and дочь ‘daughter’ come from? Why is путь the only masculine noun in declension III? Why do some masculines such as рог ‘antler’ and глаз ‘eye’ have ‑a, and not ‑ы in the nominative plural? And where do exceptional plural forms such as небеса and чудеса from небо ‘heaven’ and чудо ‘wonder’ come from? This chapter offers answers to these and many other questions. We start from what you are already familiar with, namely nouns in Contemporary Standard Russian (section 4.1), and then turn to changes concerning declension classes (4.2 and 4.3), number and case (4.4), hard and soft stems (4.5), gender (4.6), and animacy (4.7). You find a brief summary in section 4.8. Click on the links below to learn more!<a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3494/148">4.3 Declensions - from six to three</a>

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ADJECTIVE NEOLOGISMS DERIVED FROM LOAN-WORDSTEMS IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

Cherepovets State University Bulletin ◽

10.23859/1994-0637-2020-6-99-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (99) ◽

pp. 117-129

Author(s):

NATALIA V. KOZLOVSKAYA ◽

ALINA S. PAVLOVA

Keyword(s):

Semantic Analysis ◽

Word Formation ◽

Russian Language ◽

Loan Word ◽

Semantic Adaptation ◽

The Difference ◽

Lexical Data ◽

Modern Russian

The article deals with the semantic analysis and reveals the peculiarities of the adaptation and functioning of the adjective neologismsderived from a borrowed stemby adding a Russian derivational affix.In the course of the first-stage researchthe thematic classification of the above-mentioned “hybrid” adjectivesis made (the current samplecomprises approximately 200 lexical units).The investigation of the lexical data has shown that the majority of “hybrid” adjectives are derived from English stems and mainly consist of relative adjectives. The article analyses the main derivational patterns in the word-formation of adjectives derived from borrowed nouns and adjectives, and the most productive suffixes are revealed. It is stated that the tendency for adjective derivation from the English stems ending in -ing (the trend which was first observed in the 1990s) has been growing rapidly at the beginning of the 21st century.The analysis of variedlexical data has shown that the functioning of “hybrid” adjectives in the texts different in genre and styleis connected with the phenomenon of variationwhich consists in the difference in root spelling, as well as in the competition between the adjective suffixes. In the concluding part of the article, the authors describe peculiar properties of semantic adaptation which are typical of adjective neologisms derived from loan-word stems.

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An Analysis Of Factors Impacting The Value-Relevance Of SFAS No. 107 Fair Value Disclosures

Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) ◽

10.19030/jber.v1i4.2995 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Daniel R. Brickner

Keyword(s):

Value Relevance ◽

Fair Value ◽

Relative Magnitude ◽

Financial Statement ◽

Font Size ◽

Historical Cost ◽

Financial Condition ◽

The Difference

This study examines the impact of hypothesized factors on the value-relevance of SFAS No. 107 fair value disclosures.  These factors include firm size, the relative magnitude of the difference between the fair value and the historical cost measurements for each financial instrument, firm financial condition, and the quality of a firm’s financial statement audit.  A pooled valuation model is employed on the sample of 867 firm years for banks and bank holding companies during the period of 1996 and 1997.   The results indicate that the SFAS No. 107 fair value disclosures for investment securities, net loans, and long-term debt are value-relevant in explaining the market value of common equity for the sample banks.  With respect to the hypothesized factors, firm size was found to have a statistically significant impact on the value-relevance of the disclosures for net loans and long-term debt.  Additionally, the relative magnitude of the difference between the fair value and historical cost had a statistically significant effect on the value-relevance of the disclosure for investment securities and long-term debt.  Finally, firm financial condition and the quality of a firm’s audit were found to have a statistically significant impact on the fair value disclosure for net loans.  The results of this study are descriptive of the behavior of financial statement users with respect to these fair value disclosures.  The implications of this study’s findings are useful for both accounting standard-setters and preparers of financial statements.  Taken together, these findings suggest that the market does not respond to the SFAS No. 107 fair value disclosures at their face value alone or without considering their context.  Specifically, it appears to look to other factors that may impact the relevance and/or reliability of these disclosures.

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Shaping the regional structure in the modern Russian Federation

New Technologies ◽

10.47370/2072-0920-2020-16-5-95-101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 95-101

Author(s):

A. Z. Sapiev

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

The State ◽

Regional Structure ◽

Vital Functions ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Federal Center ◽

Modern Russian

The article considers shaping the regional structure in the modern Russian Federation. One of the vital functions of any state is the search for methods and forms of combining the interests of the state and its territories. The discrepancy between the interests of the state and its territorial entities, as well as the inhabitants of these territories, is a constant problem for any type of state. A state seeks to mitigate the high differentiation of its various territories, which is a destabilizing factor in the development of a state. Naturally, the difference between different regions is a consequence of the impact of natural and climatic conditions, socio-economic factors, as well as the peculiarities of the historical development of a particular region of a country. However, the state and the regions are concerned mainly due to the lagging behind a number of regions in socio-economic development. As a result, depressed regions appear. At present, in the Russian Federation there is a sharp differentiation due to the economic crisis and formation of new relations between the federal center and the regions. Taking into account the territorial extent of Russia, the achievement of sustainable development and stability is possible only with an even development of regions in economic and social terms. There is no progress on this issue on a national scale, because socio-economic and natural parameters of individual regions are worse than average ones in the state. For a modern state problems of sustainable development and territorial balance are especially important and should constantly be in the focus of the federal center.

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Does cat attachment have an effect on human health? A comparison between owners and volunteers

Pet Behaviour Science ◽

10.21071/pbs.v0i1.3986 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Filipa A.B.S.G. Dinis ◽

Thais Lima Fernandes Martins

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Human Health ◽

Font Size ◽

Reduce Heart Rate ◽

Human Animal ◽

The Difference ◽

Animal Interaction ◽

Positive Effect

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-no-proof: yes;">Cat owners and volunteers from a rehoming centre were given the Lexington Attachment to Pet Scale (LAPS) questionnaire to assess their level of attachment to their own or rescue cats. In addition, heart rate and blood pressure were measured 10 minutes before, during, and after spending time with the cats. Consistent with other studies, the results here show that spending time with a cat can reduce heart rate and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and that this reduction is generally more pronounced in the cats’ owners rather than in volunteers from a cat rehoming centre. For owners, levels of attachment as measured by the LAPS scale were positively associated with this reduction in metabolic measurements before and during pet presence; i.e. the difference (B-D) was positively correlated with the level of attachment. This was not observed for volunteers. Interestingly, however, reported levels of attachment were not significantly different between owners and volunteers. For owners, duration of ownership had a positive effect on the level of attachment reported and this effect increased sharply after two plus years of ownership. This contribution to Human Animal Interaction (HAI) research suggests that attachment is an important factor in promoting health benefits to owners.

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Appendix 2: Major Differences between Old Church Slavonic and Old Rusian

Septentrio Educational ◽

10.7557/8.3507 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Tore Nesset

Keyword(s):

Font Size ◽

Modern Russian

This appendix gives you a brief overview of the major differences between Old Church Slavonic and Old Rusian. This is obviously useful when you are working with Old Church Slavonic texts, but it also enables you to identify slavonicisms (Church Slavic elements) in Old Rusian and Modern Russian texts. For more information and examples, see Galinskaja (1997: 6–8). <span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Click on the links below to learn more!<a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3507/156"><span style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Major differences OR OCS</a>

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