scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces spp. isolated from Apis dorsata combs against some phytopathogenic bacteria

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10512
Author(s):  
Yaowanoot Promnuan ◽  
Saran Promsai ◽  
Sujinan Meelai
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Apis Dorsata ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial potential of actinomycetes isolated from combs of the giant honey bee, Apis dorsata. In total, 25 isolates were obtained from three different media and were screened for antimicrobial activity against four plant pathogenic bacteria (Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Pectobacterium carotovorum). Following screening using a cross-streaking method, three isolates showed the potential to inhibit the growth of plant pathogenic bacteria. Based on a 96-well microtiter assay, the crude extract of DSC3-6 had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against X. oryzae pv. oryzae, X. campestris pv. campestris, R. solanacearum and P. carotovorum of 16, 32, 32 and 64 mg L−1, respectively. The crude extract of DGA3-20 had MIC values against X. oryzae pv. oryzae, X. campestris pv. campestris, R. solanacearum and P. carotovorum of 32, 32, 32 and 64 mg L−1, respectively. The crude extract of DGA8-3 at 32 mgL−1 inhibited the growth of X. oryzae pv. oryzae, X. campestris pv. campestris, R. solanacearum and P. carotovorum. Based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences, all isolates were identified as members of the genus Streptomyces. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and of the phylogenetic tree based on the maximum likelihood algorithm showed that isolates DSC3-6, DGA3-20 and DGA8-3 were closely related to Streptomyces ramulosus (99.42%), Streptomyces axinellae (99.70%) and Streptomyces drozdowiczii (99.71%), respectively. This was the first report on antibacterial activity against phytopathogenic bacteria from actinomycetes isolated from the giant honey bee.

scholarly journals Apis andreniformis associated Actinomycetes show antimicrobial activity against black rot pathogen (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12097
Author(s):  
Yaowanoot Promnuan ◽  
Saran Promsai ◽  
Wasu Pathom-aree ◽  
Sujinan Meelai
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Apis Andreniformis

This study aimed to investigate cultivable actinomycetes associated with rare honey bee species in Thailand and their antagonistic activity against plant pathogenic bacteria. Actinomycetes were selectively isolated from the black dwarf honey bee (Apis andreniformis). A total of 64 actinomycete isolates were obtained with Streptomyces as the predominant genus (84.4%) followed by Micromonospora (7.8%), Nonomuraea (4.7%) and Actinomadura (3.1%). All isolates were screened for antimicrobial activity against Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pseudomonas syringae pv. sesame. Three isolates inhibited the growth of X. campestris pv. campestris during in vitro screening. The crude extracts of two isolates (ASC3-2 and ASC5-7P) had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 128 mg L−1against X. campestris pv. campestris. For isolate ACZ2-27, its crude extract showed stronger inhibitory effect with a lower MIC value of 64 mg L−1 against X. campestris pv. campestris. These three active isolates were identified as members of the genus Streptomyces based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences. Phylogenetic analysis based on the maximum likelihood algorithm showed that isolate ACZ2-27, ASC3-2 and ASC5-7P were closely related to Streptomyces misionensis NBRC 13063T (99.71%), Streptomyces cacaoi subsp. cacaoi NBRC 12748T (100%) and Streptomyces puniceus NBRC 12811T (100%), respectively. In addition, representative isolates from non-Streptomyces groups were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. High similarities were found with members of the genera Actinomadura, Micromonospora and Nonomuraea. Our study provides evidence of actinomycetes associated with the black dwarf honey bee including members of rare genera. Antimicrobial potential of these insect associated Streptomyces was also demonstrated especially the antibacterial activity against phytopathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Population Abundance of Potentially Pathogenic Organisms in Intestinal Microbiome of Jungle Crow (Corvus macrorhynchos) Shown with 16S rRNA Gene-Based Microbial Community Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isamu Maeda ◽  
Mohammad Shohel Rana Siddiki ◽  
Tsutomu Nozawa-Takeda ◽  
Naoki Tsukahara ◽  
Yuri Tani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Jungle Crow ◽  
Corvus Macrorhynchos

Jungle Crows (Corvus macrorhynchos) prefer human habitats because of their versatility in feeding accompanied with human food consumption. Therefore, it is important from a public health viewpoint to characterize their intestinal microbiota. However, no studies have been involved in molecular characterization of the microbiota based on huge and reliable number of data acquisition. In this study, 16S rRNA gene-based microbial community analysis coupled with the next-generation DNA sequencing techniques was applied to the taxonomic classification of intestinal microbiome for three jungle crows. Clustering of the reads into 130 operational taxonomic units showed that at least 70% of analyzed sequences for each crow were highly homologous toEimeriasp., which belongs to the protozoan phylumApicomplexa. The microbiotas of three crows also contained potentially pathogenic bacteria with significant percentages, such as the generaCampylobacterandBrachyspira. Thus, the profiling of a large number of 16S rRNA gene sequences in crow intestinal microbiomes revealed the high-frequency existence or vestige of potentially pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals PROBIOTIC CHARACTERIZATION OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAIN ISOLATED FROM INFANT FECAL MATTER REVEALED BY 16S rRNA GENE AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
DEVARANJAN DAS ◽  
CHANDI CHARAN RATH ◽  
NAKULANANDA MOHANTY ◽  
SMITA HASINI PANDA
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Antimicrobial Metabolites

Objective: The rationale of our study was to isolate and identify the putative probiotic strain from infant fecal matter exhibiting a broad range of antimicrobial activity and to analyze the effect of different culturing conditions on its probiotic properties and the production of antimicrobial metabolites. Methods: In the present study, bacterial strains were screened for probiotic properties and antimicrobial activity from infant fecal matter (6 months–2 years). The effect of varying culture conditions such as tolerance to acid, bile salt, phenol, NaCl, pH, incubation period, and temperature along with autoaggregation assay, hydrophobicity, and hemolysis was studied. The characterization of the potent strain was studied by morphological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing along the phylogenetic affiliation of the strain was studied. Results: Two putative probiotic bacteria (DAM and IFM) were isolated, identified, characterized, and predicted at pH 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0, the isolate IFM had 50%, 60%, and 70% survivability, while isolate DAM had 55%, 63%, and 75% survivability, respectively. At a bile salt concentration of 0.5%, both isolates had a 75% survival rate. The isolates exhibited a high percentage of hydrophobicity and autoaggregation. The isolates also had non-hemolytic activity and were susceptible to many clinical tested antibiotics (tetracycline, erythromycin, ampicillin, gentamycin, penicillin, etc.). The isolate showed antimicrobial activity against enteric pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Shigella dysenteriae. The accession number of Bacillus subtilis MT279753 and MK453362 was submitted to NCBI. Conclusion: The result revealed that isolates have potent probiotic properties and possess a direct influence on the production of antimicrobial metabolites. These parameters can be modified for the improvement of the potentiality of the isolates.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria from Tembelekan (Lantana camara L.) as Antibacterial Compounds Producer

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
Dina Dyah Saputri ◽  
Maria Bintang ◽  
Fachriyan H Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Ms Analysis

Endophytic bacteria are microorganisms that live in the internal tissues of plants and have symbiotic mutualism with their host plants. Endophytic bacteria may produce secondary metabolites that can be developed for medical, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Lantana camara is a medicinal plant that has therapeutic potential to treat a variety of diseases such as fever, tuberculosis, rheumatism, asthma, and skin disease. The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from Lantana camara which has potential to produce antibacterial compounds. The method of this research include isolation of endophytic bacteria of Lantana camara. Antibacterial activity assay was done against four types of pathogenic bacteria i.e. Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella enteritidis. Characterization of endophytic bacteria was by 16S rRNA gene analysis and identification of antibacterial compounds by GC-MS analysis. Isolation of endophytic bacteria from Lantana camara resulted in BT22 as a potential isolate. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene showed that the BT22 isolate was similar to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YB-1402 with 99% identity. The results of GC-MS analysis showed some antibacterial compounds such as: Cyclohexanone, 2-[2-(1,3-dithiolan-2-yl)propyl]-6-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl), Octadecane (CAS) n-Octadecane and Tetracosane (CAS) n-Tetracosane.

scholarly journals First Report of Bacterial Stalk Rot of Maize Caused by Dickeya zeae in Mexico

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1267-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Martinez-Cisneros ◽  
G. Juarez-Lopez ◽  
N. Valencia-Torres ◽  
E. Duran-Peralta ◽  
M. Mezzalama
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
The State ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
First Report ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Positive Controls

A bacterial disease of maize, bacterial stalk and top rot, was found in the state of Morelos in February 2011, and in the state of Puebla in July 2013, Mexico. In both cases, the incidence of diseased plants was lower than 0.5%. The typical symptoms were a soft rot and darkening of the tissues affecting the stalk and the top of the plant, causing breaking of the stalk. The lesions progressed from the top to below nodes, leaf sheaths and blades, and rotten tissues emitted an unpleasant odor. Eleven diseased plants were collected, and bacterial colonies were isolated from fragments detached from the edges of symptomatic tissues after sterilization with a 0.5% solution of NaClO for 30 s, rinsing three times in sterile water. The sterilized fragments were macerated in drops of distilled sterile water for 10 min and the extract was streaked on King's medium B (agar 15 g, distilled water 1,000 ml, proteose peptone 20 g, K2HPO4 1.5 g, MgSO4·7H2O 1.5 g, glycerol 10 ml). Eight representative strains from Morelos and five from Puebla were selected for identification. All strains were gram-negative, grew at 37°C, showed pectynolitic activity on potato tubers, were positive for indole production, utilized arabinose, galactose, glucose, glycerol, lactose, mannose, melibiose, rafinose, ribose, and sucrose but did not produce acid from arabitol, adonitol, and keto-methyl-glucoside (3,4). Pathogenicity tests were conducted with each strain by inoculating with a syringe four 25-day-old maize seedlings with 107 CFU ml–1 bacterial cells in the leaf collar. Plants were incubated in the greenhouse at 30°C during the day and 24°C during the night with a 12-h photoperiod, and relative humidity of 93%. The reference strains Erwinia chrysanthemi pv zeae ATTC29942 and Dickeya zeae CFBP 2052 were used as positive controls in laboratory and greenhouses tests. Sterile water was used as negative control. Two days after inoculation, soft stalk rot symptoms developed that were identical to those observed in the field. No symptoms were observed on the negative controls. Diagnostic amplification of DNA by conventional PCR was carried out and yielded the expected amplicon size of 420 bp of the Dickeya-specific pel gene with the ADE primers set (2). PCR was used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene with the universal primers 27f and 1495r (5) for molecular identification of the 13 strains (GenBank Accession Nos. KJ438941, KJ438942, KJ438943, KJ438944, KJ438945, KJ438946, KJ438947, KJ438948, KJ438949, KJ438950, KJ438951, KJ438952, and KJ438953). The strains D. zeae CFBP 2052 and E. chrysanthemi pv. zeae ATCC 29942 were sequenced as positive controls. A BLAST search with the 13 16S rRNA gene sequences of 1.4 kb were 99% identical to the sequence of D. zeae CFBP 2052 (NR_041923). D. zeae can be a major disease of maize in tropical and subtropical countries. It is particularly severe under conditions of high temperature and high humidity, but it occurs sporadically. Control of the vector, Chilo partellus, can aid disease management (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of D. zeae causing maize stalk rot in Mexico. References: (1) CABI. Crop Prot. Compend. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 2014. (2) A. Nassar et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:2228, 1996. (3) R. Samson et al. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 55:1415, 2005. (4) N. W. Schaad et al. Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. 3rd ed. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, 2001. (5) W. G. Weisburg. J. Bacteriol. 173:697, 1991.

scholarly journals Vogesella perlucida-induced bacteremia in an advanced-age patient: first case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengxian Yu ◽  
Fang Zhu ◽  
Xinghe Tao ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Suliu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
First Case ◽  
Microbiological Testing

Abstract Background Vogesella species are common aquatic, Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria, originally described in 1997. Vogesella perlucida was first isolated from spring water in 2008. Furthermore, bacterial pathogenicity of Vogesella perlucida has never been reported. Here, we report the first case of rare Vogesella perlucida-induced bacteremia in an advanced-age patient with many basic diseases and history of dexamethasone abuse. Case presentation A 71-year-old female was admitted with inflamed upper and lower limbs, rubefaction, pain and fever (about 40 °C). She had been injured in a fall at a vegetable market and then touched river snails with her injury hands. A few days later, soft tissue infection of the patient developed and worsened. Non-pigmented colonies were isolated from blood cultures of the patient. Initially, Vogesella perlucida was wrongly identified as Sphingomonas paucimobilis by Vitek-2 system with GN card. Besides, we failed to obtain an acceptable identification by the MALDI-TOF analysis. Finally, the isolated strain was identified as Vogesella perlucida by 16S rRNA gene sequences. In addition, the patient recovered well after a continuous treatment of levofloxacin for 12 days. Conclusion Traditional microbiological testing system may be inadequate in the diagnosis of rare pathogenic bacteria. Applications of molecular diagnostics techniques have great advantages in clinical microbiology laboratory. By using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, we report the the first case of rare Vogesella perlucida-induced bacteremia.

scholarly journals Reduction of Arcobacter at Two Conventional Wastewater Treatment Plants in Southern Arizona, USA

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghaju Shrestha ◽  
Sherchan ◽  
Kitajima ◽  
Tanaka ◽  
Gerba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Wwtp Effluent

This study aimed to identify the bacterial community in two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and to determine the occurrence and reduction of Arcobacter, along with virulence genes (ciaB and pldA). A total of 48 samples (24 influent and 24 effluent) were collected at two WWTPs in southern Arizona in the United States, monthly from August 2011 to July 2012. Bacterial DNA extract was utilized for 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing. Quantification of Arcobacter 16S rRNA gene was conducted using a recently developed SYBR Green-based quantitative PCR assay. Among 847 genera identified, 113 (13%) were identified as potentially pathogenic bacteria. Arcobacter 16S rRNA gene was detected in all influent samples and ten (83%) and nine (75%) effluent samples at each plant, respectively. Log reduction ratios of Arcobacter 16S rRNA gene in Plant A and Plant B were 1.7 ± 0.9 (n = 10) and 2.3 ± 1.5 (n = 9), respectively. The ciaB gene was detected by quantitative PCR in eleven (92%) and twelve (100%) of 12 influent samples from Plant A and Plant B, respectively, while the pldA gene was detected in eight (67%) and six (50%) influent samples from Plant A and Plant B, respectively. The prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria in WWTP effluent indicated the need for disinfection before discharge into the environment.

scholarly journals Diversity of Cultivated Endophytic Bacteria from Sugarcane: Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Isolates

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (22) ◽  
pp. 7259-7267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Mendes ◽  
Aline A. Pizzirani-Kleiner ◽  
Welington L. Araujo ◽  
Jos M. Raaijmakers
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Endophytic Bacterial Community

ABSTRACT Bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere and from inside the roots and stems of sugarcane plants grown in the field in Brazil. Endophytic bacteria were found in both the roots and the stems of sugarcane plants, with a significantly higher density in the roots. Many of the cultivated endophytic bacteria were shown to produce the plant growth hormone indoleacetic acid, and this trait was more frequently found among bacteria from the stem. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the selected isolates of the endophytic bacterial community of sugarcane belong to the genera of Burkholderia, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, and Microbacterium. Bacterial isolates belonging to the genus Burkholderia were the most predominant among the endophytic bacteria. Many of the Burkholderia isolates produced the antifungal metabolite pyrrolnitrin, and all were able to grow at 37°C. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and recA gene sequences indicated that the endophytic Burkholderia isolates from sugarcane are closely related to clinical isolates of the Burkholderia cepacia complex and clustered with B. cenocepacia (gv. III) isolates from cystic fibrosis patients. These results suggest that isolates of the B. cepacia complex are an integral part of the endophytic bacterial community of sugarcane in Brazil and reinforce the hypothesis that plant-associated environments may act as a niche for putative opportunistic human pathogenic bacteria.

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