scholarly journals Soil fertility evaluation and spatial distribution of grasslands in Qilian Mountains Nature Reserve of eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10986
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Junyin Yang ◽  
Wenhao Guan ◽  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
Guoxing He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Qilian Mountains ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Total N ◽  
Temperate Desert ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Phosphorus Application ◽  
Grassland Types

The study assessed the overall soil characteristics of grasslands on Qilian Mountains and rated the soil nutrient status with classification standard of the second national soil survey of China. Nemerow index method was used to evaluate the soil fertility of different grassland types. GIS was used to analyze the spatial distribution of the soil nutrients and provided a database for the grassland’s ecological protection and restoration. The study graded the soil organic matter (SOM), total N, and available K at level 2 (high) or above for most regions, available soil-P at level 4, while the soil bulk density, total porosity and pH were 0.77–1.32 g cm−3, 35.36–58.83% and 7.63–8.54, respectively. The rank of comprehensive soil fertility index was temperate steppe (TS) > alpine meadow (AM) > alpine steppe (AS) >upland meadow (UM) >alpine desert (AD)> lowland meadow (LM)> temperate desert steppe (TDS)> temperate desert (TD). The areas with high, medium and low soil fertility accounted for 63.19%, 34.24% and 2.57% of the total grassland area. Soil fertility of different grassland types had different main limiting factors, for instance, the pH, total N and SOM were the main factors limiting soil fertility in LM, while pH and available P were the main factors limiting soil fertility in UM, AM, TS and AS. In summary, the grassland soil fertility was generally at the mid-upper level, and the main limiting factors were found in the different types of the grasslands and their spatial distributions were figured out. Our findings also indicated that the typical grasslands and meadows may require phosphorus application, while for desert grasslands, both nitrogen and phosphorus were required to improve their comprehensive soil fertility and grassland productivity.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial variation of NPP and its response to climatic factors in main river valleys on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 01044
Author(s):  
Rong-rong Yang ◽  
Guang-chao Cao ◽  
Sheng-kui Cao ◽  
Yao Lan ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Qilian Mountains ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Qilian Mountain ◽  
Main River ◽  
River Valleys

Based on the NPP products of MODIS data, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of grassland NPP and its response to climatic factors in the vegetation growing season of the main river valleys in the southern slope of Qilian Mountains from 2000 to 2016 were carried out by correlation analysis and spatial interpolation. The research further provides a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of grassland ecosystems on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain and the rational use of grassland resources along the river. The results show that: (1) With the increasing distance of buffers on both sides of the river, the NPP of grassland in each year shows the characteristics of “single-peak” distribution, which is increased first and then decreased; (2) the NPP of grassland in the main river valley of the southern slope of Qilian Mountain The spatial distribution characteristics show a trend of increasing from northwest to southeast. (3) The spatial distribution of NPP and air temperature in the main river valleys of the southern slope of Qilian Mountains is gradually increasing from northwest to southeast, but the spatial distribution correlation coefficient of NPP and precipitation in the river valley grassland of vegetation growing season basically shows a trendof decreasing from northwest to southeast.

Temporo-Spatial Distribution and Evolution of Ore Deposits in the West Sector of the Northern Qilian Mountains

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAO Jingwen ◽  
ZHANG Xiaoyu ◽  
ZHANG Zhaochong ◽  
REN Fengshou ◽  
ZUO Guochao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Qilian Mountains ◽  
The West

scholarly journals Soil Chemistry and Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Yield as Influenced by 16 Years of Composted Poultry Litter Addition

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Hebert D. A. Abobi ◽  
Armand W. Koné ◽  
Bernard Y. Koffi ◽  
Saint Salomon F. Diahuissié ◽  
Stanislas K. Loukou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Litter Addition

Poultry litter is increasingly used as organic amendment in market gardening in Côte d’Ivoire. To know about the sustainability of this practice, its impacts on soil quality should be known. This study aimed at assessing the effect on soil fertility of composted poultry litter addition for 16 years following two distinct ways, and identifying soil parameters driving cucumber yield. Trials were laid out in a Fisher randomized block design with 3 treatments replicated 5 times each: Control (C), Surface-applied compost (SAC) and Buried compost (BC). Soil (0-20 cm) chemical characteristics and cucumber growth and yield parameters were measured. Values of all parameters were higher with compost addition compared to the control, except for the C:N ratio. SAC and BC showed similar values of organic C, total N, CEC, pH and available phosphorus. However, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and base saturation were higher in SAC than in BC. Relative to values in the control, the greatest changes in soil parameters were observed with exchangeable cations, followed by soil organic matter. Soil organic C and total N concentrations have doubled in SAC while Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ increased at greater rate (702.4, 400.9 and 186.67% respectively). Also, cucumber growth parameters were the highest with compost addition compared to the control. Significant effect of the compost application way on cucumber was also observed: collar diameter, leaf area and fresh fruit yield in SAC (0.72±0.02 cm, 258.9±12.3 cm2, 11.1±1.3 t ha-1, respectively) were higher than in BC (0.56±0.01 cm, 230.2±2.5 cm2, 5.4±0.5 t ha-1 respectively). Fruit yields in SAC and BC were four times and twice higher than in the control (2.6±0.3 t ha-1), respectively. Cucumber growth parameters were determined by soil concentration in Mg2+ while yield was determined by Ca2+. Composted poultry litter should be promoted for a sustainable soil fertility management in vegetable farming systems.

scholarly journals SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BRACKISHWATER POND SOIL CHARACTERISTICS IN PEKALONGAN CITY CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Andi Indrajaya Asaad ◽  
Akhmad Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Kriging Interpolation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method ◽  
Brackishwater Pond ◽  
Central Java Province

Spatial distribution of brackishwater pond soil has a vital role in the system of bioenvironment including brackishwater pond environment. This research was aimed to determine the spatial distribution of brackishwater pond soil characteristics in Pekalongan City, Central Java Province. A total of 59 sampling points each with two different soil depth samplings were determined by simple random method. A total of 21 soil characteristics were measured in the field and analyzed further in the laboratory. Geostatistic with Kriging Interpolation method in the ArcGIS 9.3 software were used to depict the distribution of the data across the landscape. Furthermore, the spatial distribution was presented by using ALOS AVNIR-2 image. Research result indicates that in general, pond soil in Pekalongan City can be classified as soil with high variability or relatively heterogenic with the value of variation coefficient more than 36%. Soil characteristics which have similar pattern of spatial distribution are acid sulfate soil and soil nutrient content. High value of pH, organic matter, and total-N of soil, and on the other hand, low value of PO4 were generally found in the pond area of Krapyak Lor Village, while in Pekalongan City, it was found high clayish soil content but relatively homogenous. It is recommended that pond management must be based on soil characteristics which are different from one area to another. The soil characteristics itself can be drawn and assessed through spatial distribution.

scholarly journals Relationships between Plant Biodiversity and Soil Fertility in a Mature Tropical Forest, Costa Rica

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin B. Nadeau ◽  
Thomas P. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Fertility Index ◽  
Tree Species Richness ◽  
Soil Fertility Index

We aimed to study relationships between plant biodiversity and soil chemical fertility in a mature tropical forest of Costa Rica. Soil samples were collected in nine sampling plots (5 m by 25 m) in order to identify P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Al and total N contents, soil fertility index, CEC, pH, and C/N ratio. Furthermore, species richness, Shannon-Wiener and Simpson’s species diversities, structural richness, and structural diversity were calculated for each plot. Simple linear regression analyses were conducted. Tree species richness was inversely related to concentration levels of K, Ca, and P, CEC, and soil fertility index. Therefore, higher tree species richness tended to be found on sites with lower soil fertility, which is the complete opposite of temperate forests. As a result, tropical and temperate forest ecology should be considered separately. Shannon-Wiener tree species diversity was positively correlated to C/N ratio. Herb structural richness was positively correlated with soil fertility index and P concentration. Therefore, herb structural richness may be a good indicator of soil fertility. This study gives important insights on ecological relationships between plant biodiversity and soil chemical fertility in a primary tropical forest.

scholarly journals Dry Matter Production, Nutrient Cycled and Removed, and Soil Fertility Changes in Yam-Based Cropping Systems with Herbaceous Legumes in the Guinea-Sudan Zone of Benin

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Raphiou Maliki ◽  
Brice Sinsin ◽  
Anne Floquet ◽  
Denis Cornet ◽  
Eric Malezieux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Total N ◽  
Herbaceous Legumes ◽  
Andropogon Gayanus ◽  
The Impact

Traditional yam-based cropping systems (shifting cultivation, slash-and-burn, and short fallow) often result in deforestation and soil nutrient depletion. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of yam-based systems with herbaceous legumes on dry matter (DM) production (tubers, shoots), nutrients removed and recycled, and the soil fertility changes. We compared smallholders’ traditional systems (1-year fallow ofAndropogon gayanus-yam rotation, maize-yam rotation) with yam-based systems integrated herbaceous legumes (Aeschynomene histrix/maize intercropping-yam rotation,Mucuna pruriens/maize intercropping-yam rotation). The experiment was conducted during the 2002 and 2004 cropping seasons with 32 farmers, eight in each site. For each of them, a randomized complete block design with four treatments and four replicates was carried out using a partial nested model with five factors: Year, Replicate, Farmer, Site, and Treatment. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the general linear model (GLM) procedure was applied to the dry matter (DM) production (tubers, shoots), nutrient contribution to the systems, and soil properties at depths 0–10 and 10–20 cm. DM removed and recycled, total N, P, and K recycled or removed, and soil chemical properties (SOM, N, P, K, and pH water) were significantly improved on yam-based systems with legumes in comparison with traditional systems.

scholarly journals The The response of soil physicochemical properties to tillage and soil fertility resources in Central Highlands of Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milka N. Kiboi ◽  
Felix K. Ngetich ◽  
Anne Muriuki ◽  
Noah Adamtey ◽  
Daniel Mugendi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Total N ◽  
Central Highlands

To attain agricultural sustainability, use of soil resources and tillage requires equal consideration for chemical and physical components of soil fertility. We assessed responses of selected soil physical and chemical properties to tillage and soil fertility amending resources. The study was carried out in Meru South and Kandara sub-counties located in the Central Highlands of Kenya for four cropping seasons. The experimental design was split-plot with tillage as the main factor - conventional (D15) - and minimum (D0) tillage and soil fertility resources (SFR) as sub-factors - mineral fertilizer (F), crop residues + fertilizer (RF), residues + fertilizer + animal manure (RFM), residues + Tithonia diversifolia + manure (RTiM), residues + Tithonia diversifolia + phosphate rock (Minjingu) (RTiP), residues + manure + legume intercrop (RML) and control (no input). Compared with control, aggregate stability was significantly higher on average under SFRs with sole organics by 19% in Meru South. Total N and available P were higher under integration of fertilizer and organics in both sites. Calcium increased under sole organic or integration with fertilizer in Meru South and under sole organics in Kandara. Magnesium significantly increased under all SFRs compared with control in Kandara. Soil organic carbon significantly (P=0.02) increased under D0 by 6% compared to D15 in 0-5 cm depth in Kandara. Application of RTiM had the highest SOC in all depths’ at Meru South. SOC significantly increased under RTiP and RML by 11% in 0-5 cm depth and under RML by 13% in 5-10 cm depth at Kandara. Mineral-N (NO3–-N and NH4+-N) was higher under D0 at planting compared with D15 in Meru South. In Kandara, NO3–-N and NH4+-N were significantly higher by 17% and 30%, respectively under D0 compared with D15 at planting during SR16 season. Higher mineral N was recorded under F application on the 30th and 45th days in both sites. The highest mineral-N content was on the 45th day after planting during SR16 season and on the 30th day during LR17 season at Meru South. In Kandara, NO3–-N and NH4+-N were highest on the 45th day and 30th day, respectively, during SR16 season. During LR17 season, mineral-N was highest on the 30th day in Kandara. The study highlights that minimal soil disturbance and organic inputs use or integration with fertilizers are feasible alternatives for improving soil fertility in the Nitisols of Central Highlands of Kenya.

Study on Spatial Distribution of Soil Nutrients and Comprehensive Evaluation of Nutrients in Low Mountain-Hilly Region of Sichuan Province, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 2544-2548
Author(s):  
Jiu Jin Xiao ◽  
Hong Xing Ma ◽  
Chuang Tai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Hilly Region

It is generally accepted that to overuse fertilize can led to cause fertilize resource waste, increase agriculture production cost, reducing the quality of agricultural products, and cause agricultural non-point source pollution. Determining soil nutrient distribution is critical to identify sites which are at risk of N, P and K nutrition loading. In order to know the soil nutrition spatial distribution and to determine agricultural rational fertilization, a total of 98 soil samples from the plow layer (0-20 cm) were collected in low mountain-hilly region of Sichuan Province, China. Spatial variability and distribution of soil organic matter (SOM), total N (TN), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) in agricultural soils were studied using geographic information system (GIS) software. And the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weight of indexes by using quantitative analysis.

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