scholarly journals Physical activity during pregnancy and its influence on delivery time: a randomized clinical trial

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque ◽  
Juan Carlos Sánchez-García ◽  
Antonio Manuel Sánchez-López ◽  
María José Aguilar-Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Difference

Introduction During pregnancy, women often change their lifestyle for fear of harmful effects on the child or themselves. In this respect, many women reduce the amount of physical exercise they take, despite its beneficial effects. Objective To determine the duration of labor in pregnant women who completed a program of moderate physical exercise in water and subsequently presented eutocic birth. Methods A randomized trial was performed with 140 healthy pregnant women, divided into an exercise group (EG) (n = 70) and a control group (CG) (n = 70). The women who composed the study population were recruited at 12 weeks of gestation. The intervention program, termed SWEP (Study of Water Exercise during Pregnancy) began in week 20 of gestation and ended in week 37. Perinatal outcomes were determined by examining the corresponding partographs, recorded by the Maternity Service at the Granada University Hospital Complex. Results The intervention phase of the study took place from June through October 2016, with the 120 women finally included in EG and CG (60 in each group). At term, 63% of the women in EG and 56% of those in CG had a eutocic birth. The average total duration of labor was 389.33 ± 216.18 min for the women in EG and 561.30 ± 199.94 min for those in CG, a difference of approximately three hours (p < 0.001). Conclusions The women who exercised in water during their pregnancy presented a shorter duration of labor than those who did not. The difference was especially marked with respect to the duration of the first and second stages of labor.

scholarly journals Physical exercise and goal attainment after shunt surgery in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a randomised clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Rydja ◽  
Lena Kollén ◽  
Per Hellström ◽  
Katarina Owen ◽  
Åsa Lundgren Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Shunt Surgery ◽  
Post Intervention

Abstract Background Rehabilitation in iNPH is suggested to be an important factor to improve patients’ functions but there are lack of clinical trials evaluating the effect of rehabilitation interventions after shunt surgery in iNPH. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a physical exercise programme and goal attainment for patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) after surgery compared to a control group. Methods This was a dual centre randomised controlled trial with assessor blinding, intention-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analysis. Individuals diagnosed with iNPH scheduled to undergo shunt surgery at the Linköping University Hospital in Linköping and Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden were consecutively eligible for inclusion. Inclusion was conducted between January 2016 and June 2018. The patients were randomised 1:1 using sequentially numbered sealed envelopes to receive either written exercise information (control group) or written information and an additional supervised high-intensity, functional exercise programme (HIFE) executed twice weekly over 12 weeks (exercise group). Preoperatively, the patients set individual goals. The primary outcome was change from baseline in the total iNPH scale score at the post-intervention follow-up. Secondary outcomes were goal attainment, and change in the separate scores of gait, balance, neuropsychology and continence and in the total score after 6 months. Results In total, 127 participants were randomised to the exercise group (n = 62) and to the control group (n = 65). In the ITT population (exercise group, n = 50; control group, n = 59), there were no between-group differences in the primary outcome, but the attrition rate in the exercise group was high. The exercise group improved more than the control group in the balance domain scores after 6 months. Post-intervention, the PP exercise population achieved their set goals to a greater extent than the controls. Conclusions An additional effect of the 12-week HIFE-programme on the overall improvement according to the iNPH-scale after shunt surgery in iNPH was not shown. This could be due to high attrition rate. However, the long-term effect on balance and higher goal achievement indicate beneficial influences of supervised physical exercise. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02659111. Registered 20 January 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02659111

scholarly journals The Effects of School-based Physical Exercise With Different Cognitive Loads on Executive Functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
Shohre Mardasangi Dulabi ◽  
◽  
Mohammadreza Ghasemian ◽  
Mohammadali Aslankhani ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
School Based ◽  
Cognitive Exercise ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The present study aimed to compare the effects of 3 school-based physical exercises with different levels of cognitive engagement on executive functions. Materials and Methods: In total, 47 students aged 13-14 years were randomly divided into 3 groups, as follows: the Integrated Physical and Cognitive (IPC) exercise, peer physical exercise group (with the same physical challenge), and control group (the routine physical education program). A Continuous Performance Test (CPT), the N-back test, and the Stroop test were used to evaluate executive functions in pretest and posttest. Results: The obtained results indicated that the IPC group significantly improved more than the other groups on the executive functions. Accordingly, physical exercise with a higher cognitive load benefitted both speed and accuracy on cognitive tasks significantly more than the same physical activity alone. Conclusion: Therefore, in the integrated physical and cognitive exercise, the cognitive and physiological effects of this training style interact with each other; therefore, their beneficial effects can be gradually increased, while interventions that only focus on the physical dimension would be less effective in promoting cognitive functions.

scholarly journals Influence of a Water-Based Exercise Program in the Rate of Spontaneous Birth: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque ◽  
María José Aguilar-Cordero ◽  
Ana Eugenia Marín-Jiménez ◽  
Ana María Núñez-Negrillo ◽  
Antonio Manuel Sánchez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Spontaneous Delivery

Introduction: Many women change their lifestyles and habits when they become pregnant, to avoid potentially harmful effects to themselves and their babies. This is especially so with respect to physical exercise, which is often greatly reduced due to ignorance of the benefits it provides during pregnancy. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of spontaneous birth among women who participated in a water-based physical exercise program. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with a sample of 129 pregnant women (Control Group, CG = 64; Exercise Group, EG = 65). A physical exercise protocol, specifically designed for pregnant women, was created and applied. Those in the EG performed 60 min exercise sessions, three times per week for 17 weeks. The participants in the CG received routine check-ups and advice throughout their pregnancy. Findings: The women in the EG presented better results for the onset of spontaneous birth (OR = 2.060 (0.980–4.332)) and for neonate Apgar score of 10 at five minutes (OR = 8.53 (3.60–20.17)). Those who had normal weight at the start of pregnancy achieved better results for spontaneous delivery (OR = 2.099 (1.017–4.335)) than those with overweight/obesity. The rate of caesarean delivery was higher in the women with overweight/obesity (OR = 3.570 ((1.226–10.397)) than in those with normal weight. Conclusions: In our study, the women who followed the water-based exercise program gained less weight during pregnancy, which facilitated a better rate of spontaneous, non-instrumental childbirth, together with a better Apgar test score at five minutes.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Yoga and Exercise on Psychological Paradigms of an Individual

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubashir Gull
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heavy Exercise ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Psychological Paradigms ◽  
Age Range ◽  
And Control

The study was conducted to examine the effects of yogic and physical exercise on self concept. One hundred twenty subjects in four groups viz. light exercise group, heavy exercise group, yoga performers group and control group were administered measure of self-concept. All the subjects are male in the age range of 26 to 58 years. Data were analyzed by simple ANOVA suitable for multi-group design. Results revealed that the control group had significantly self-concept than the exercise and yoga performing group.

Physical exercise accelerates reentrainment of human sleep-wake cycle but not of plasma melatonin rhythm to 8-h phase-advanced sleep schedule

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (3) ◽  
pp. R681-R691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujiro Yamanaka ◽  
Satoko Hashimoto ◽  
Yusuke Tanahashi ◽  
Shin-ya Nishide ◽  
Sato Honma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temporal Isolation ◽  
Melatonin Rhythm ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Shift Schedule ◽  
Sleep Schedule

Effects of timed physical exercise were examined on the reentrainment of sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythms to an 8-h phase-advanced sleep schedule. Seventeen male adults spent 12 days in a temporal isolation facility with dim light conditions (<10 lux). The sleep schedule was phase-advanced by 8 h from their habitual sleep times for 4 days, which was followed by a free-run session for 6 days, during which the subjects were deprived of time cues. During the shift schedule, the exercise group ( n = 9) performed physical exercise with a bicycle ergometer in the early and middle waking period for 2 h each. The control group ( n = 8) sat on a chair at those times. Their sleep-wake cycles were monitored every day by polysomnography and/or weight sensor equipped with a bed. The circadian rhythm in plasma melatonin was measured on the baseline day before phase shift: on the 4th day of shift schedule and the 5th day of free-run. As a result, the sleep-onset on the first day of free-run in the exercise group was significantly phase-advanced from that in the control and from the baseline. On the other hand, the circadian melatonin rhythm was significantly phase-delayed in the both groups, showing internal desynchronization of the circadian rhythms. The sleep-wake cycle resynchronized to the melatonin rhythm by either phase-advance or phase-delay shifts in the free-run session. These findings indicate that the reentrainment of the sleep-wake cycle to a phase-advanced schedule occurs independent of the circadian pacemaker and is accelerated by timed physical exercise.

INOVASIA Study: A Randomized Open Controlled Trial to Evaluate Pravastatin to Prevent Preeclampsia and its Effects on sFlt1/PLGF Levels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar ◽  
Angelina Yosediputra ◽  
Raditya Eri Pratama ◽  
Nur Lailatul Fadhilah ◽  
Sulistyowati Sulistyowati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Clinical Risk Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Plgf Ratio

Objectives To evaluate the effect of pravastatin to prevent preeclampsia (PE) in pregnant women at a high risk of developing preeclampsia and the maternal and perinatal outcomes and the sFlt1/PLGF ratio. Study Design This is an open labelled RCT part of INOVASIA trial. Pregnant women at a high risk of developing PE were recruited and randomized into an intervention group (40) and a control group (40). The inclusion criteria consisted of pregnant women with positive clinical risk factor and abnormal uterine artery doppler examination at 10-20 weeks gestational age. The control group received low dose aspirin (80 mg/day) and calcium (1 g/day), while the intervention group received additional pravastatin (20 mg twice daily) starting from 14-20 weeks gestation until delivery. Research blood samples were collected before the first dose of pravastatin and before delivery. The main outcome was the rate of maternal preeclampsia, maternal-perinatal outcomes, and sFlt-1, PLGF, sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and sEng levels. Results The rate of preeclampsia was (non-significantly) lower in the pravastatin group compared with the control group (17.5% vs 35%). The pravastatin group also had a (non-significant) lower rate of severe preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, acute kidney injury and severe hypertension. The rate of (iatrogenic) preterm delivery was significantly (p=0.048) lower in the pravastatin group (n=4) compared with the controls (n=12). Neonates in the pravastatin group had significantly higher birthweights (2931 + 537 vs 2625 + 872 g; p=0.006), lower Apgar scores < 7 (2.5 vs 27.5%, p=0.002), composite neonatal morbidity (0 vs 20%, p=0.005) and NICU admission rates (0 vs 15%, p=0.026). All biomarkers show a significant deterioration in the control group compared with non significant changes in the pravastatin group. Conclusions Pravastatin holds promise in the secondary prevention of preeclampsia and placenta-mediated adverse perinatal outcomes by improving the angiogenic imbalance.

Does Physical Exercise Help Maintain Mental Health During Pregnancy? A Comparison of Changes in Mental Health in Participants of Physical Exercise Classes and Childbirth Classes

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Guszkowska ◽  
Marta Langwald ◽  
Katarzyna Sempolska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Exercise Classes

Background:This study aims to compare the changes in the negative indices of mental health in pregnant women who participated in programs of either physical exercise classes or childbirth classes.Methods:The study was quasi-experimental in nature and run on 109 healthy primigravidae aged from 22 to 37, including 62 women participating in an exercise program (exercise group, E-group) for pregnant women and 47 women attending traditional childbirth classes (childbirth classes group, CC-group). The mental health assessment was performed using Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28).Results:The negative indices of mental health did not change over time. Lower levels of somatic symptoms and severe depression, as well as total score, were observed in the E-group (condition effect). Time × condition interactions, as well as analysis of change within the groups, indicated that in the CC-group all indices of disorders increased significantly, whereas in the E-group, only the increase of depression was significant.Conclusions:Regular physical exercises during pregnancy may constitute a factor in the prophylaxis of mental health disorders in pregnant women.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND ANTHROPOMETRIC VARIABLES IN EX-CRACK COCAINE USERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-289
Author(s):  
Jéssica Abatti Martins ◽  
Ana Maria Volpato ◽  
Vanise dos Santos Ferreira Viero ◽  
Antonio Jose Grande ◽  
Leonardo Roever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cocaine Users ◽  
Total Body

ABSTRACT Introduction: Worldwide cocaine use in all its various forms is increasing; cocaine users exceeded 17 million in the world. In Brazil, this data is also alarming. A survey conducted in 2010 found that the country has more than 900,000 crack-cocaine users. Objective: To evaluate the effects of exercise on anthropometric variables and components of physical fitness in ex-crack cocaine users. Methods: Randomized controlled trial with 20 men, divided into exercise group (n=10) and control group (n=10), admitted to a detoxification center. We assessed the physical fitness components related to health (cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, muscular strength/endurance, and body composition) before and after the physical training program. Results: The exercise contributed to the maintenance of anthropometric variables, while the control group had an increased in total body fat and visceral fat. Regarding physical fitness, resistance training led to the increase of most variables studied, particularly strength and cardiorespiratory capacity. On the other hand, the VO2max and the strength of the sedentary subjects were reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion: The exercise showed beneficial effects on the components of physical fitness and maintenance of body composition.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON THE RECOVERY OF OBESITY MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 783-785
Author(s):  
Mian Wang ◽  
Fan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Early Exercise ◽  
Physical Functions

ABSTRACT Introduction: Myocardial infarction caused by human obesity can cause a decline in mobility and a decline in the quality of a healthy life. Sports training is beneficial to maintain early physical functions after myocardial infarction. Objective: This article deals with the effect of applying walking aerobic exercise in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: We enrolled 91 patients with myocardial infarction in the early exercise group and 90 patients in the control group. The control group received the routine nursing intervention, and the early exercise group received early physical exercise rehabilitation therapy. Results: The actual quality of life of the early exercise group was higher than that of the control group. The incidence of cardiovascular adverse events was lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: Physical exercise therapy used in acute myocardial infarction can reduce adverse cardiovascular events and improve the quality of life of patients. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals β-endorphin response to aerobic and anaerobic exercises in Wistar male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-9
Author(s):  
Rostika Flora ◽  
Mohammad Zulkarnain ◽  
Sukirno
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

BACKGROUND Physical exercise is strongly associated with the release of β-endorphin. It is assumed that the type and intensity of physical exercise contributes to the release of β-endorphin. This study aimed to compare levels of β-endorphin in brain tissue in response to aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise. METHODS This study was an experimental laboratory study using 35 male Wistar rats divided into one control group and two physical exercise treatment groups: aerobic and anaerobic. Physical exercise was conducted on an animal treadmill running at aspeed of 20 m/min for 30 min of aerobic exercise and 35 m/min with 1-min intervals every 5 min for 20 min for anaerobic exercises. Each aerobic and anaerobic exercise group was furtherly classified into three subgroups (1×/week, 3×/week, and 7×/week). β-endorphin levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS The highest mean of β-endorphin level was found in the weekly exercise (54.45 [1.41] pg/ml) of aerobic exercise group and daily exercise (70.50 [11.67] pg/ml) of anaerobic exercise group. Mean of β-endorphin level in control group was 33.34 (3.54) pg/ml. A significant increased of β-endorphin mean level (p<0.001) was found in all aerobic and anaerobic exercise groups except the aerobic exercise 7×/week group(37.37 [6.30] pg/ml) compared to control. CONCLUSIONS Both aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise conducted for 6 weeks could increase the level of β-endorphin in brain tissue.

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