Seed Potato Growth, Harvest Index and Net Economic Benefit Improvement through Irrigation Water, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Management

This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between the fertilization with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and irrigation with saline water on the water relations, gas exchanges and chlorophyll a fluorescence in West Indian cherry in the vegetative stage. The study was carried out in protected environment, using lysimeters filled with clay loam Regolithic Neosol, with low P content, installed in a randomized block design, arranged in a factorial scheme with five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw), and four managements of P and N fertilization, with three replicates and one plant per plot. Along the experiment, water relations, gas exchanges and chlorophyll a fluorescence were evaluated in West Indian cherry plants. The increase in irrigation water salinity reduces the gas exchanges of the plants, but the increment of 40% in N supply increases the photosynthetic activity of West Indian cherry at recommendation levels higher than 100:100% of the P/N ratio, when irrigated with ECw of up to 3.0 dS m-1. The combined action of N and P, at doses of 140:140% N/P recommendation, increases leaf turgor in the plants, regardless of the ECw level. The increment of 40% in N dose reduces the effects of salinity on the initial fluorescence of chlorophyll a in West Indian cherry irrigated with up to 2.2 dS m-1.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Irrigation Intervals on the Growth and Yield of Quinoa Crop and Its Components

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n9p182 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 182

Author(s):

Abdullah M. Algosaibi ◽

Ayman E. Badran ◽

Abdulrahman M. Almadini ◽

Mohammed M. El-Garawany

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Index Number

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of irrigation intervals on growth, yield and its components and some of the chemical characteristics of the soil after the harvest of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd) plant. Three treatments were used as follow: T1 (twice irrigation every week, which is the common in the region), T2 (once irrigation every week) and T3 (twice irrigation every two weeks) using in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The crop coefficient (Kc) value differed according to the stage of growth where the results showed that the T2 treatment gave the highest mean in all the studied traits followed by the T3 treatment in all traits except the number of seed/m2. The results also confirmed that the increase in water reduced the agronomic traits such as harvest index, number of seeds and yield of seeds and straw/m2. Also it showed that the pH values in soils were not significantly affected by irrigation, while Ec significantly affected. Correlation coefficient was negative with the most traits and low with the number of grain (0.34) under overall studied treatments which confirms that quinoa is a plant that needs limited amounts of irrigation water. On the other hand there was positive strong correlation between the harvest index and grain yield (0.92). The results showed that moisture stress treatments increased the concentration of the ionic, NH4-N and NO3-N significantly compared to soils which do not have moisture stress (T1, T2). We assume that the development based on Kc during growth-stages helps in irrigation management and provides precise water applications for quinoa plant. These results indicate that the water requirements of quinoa plant are limited and that quinoa plant growth is not affected by the lack of irrigation water on the crop and its qualities.

Download Full-text

Potato Growth Uniformity as Affected by Subsurface Drip and Seepage Irrigation

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.529c ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 529C-529

Author(s):

S.J. Locascio ◽

A.G. Smajstsrla ◽

D.H. Hensel ◽

D.P. Weigartner

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Tuber Yield ◽

Potato Production ◽

Field Studies ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Seepage Irrigation ◽

Subsurface Drip ◽

Potato Growth

Growth and production uniformity of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as influenced by conventional seepage irrigation and by subsurface drip irrigation was evaluated in field studies during two seasons in plots 16 rows (18.3 m) wide and 183 m long. Seepage irrigation water was supplied through ditches located on each side of each plot. Drip irrigation water was distributed through buried tubes placed under the beds 6.1 m apart extending the length of the rows. Water application throughout the plots was accomplished more rapidly with the subsurface drip system and water use during the two seasons was 33% less than with the conventional seepage system. Tuber yield during the first season was similar with the two irrigation systems. During the second season, plant growth, tuber development, and tuber yield were sampled on alternate rows beginning on each outside bed, at each end of each plot, and in the middle of the plots. Irrigation method and bed location among the 16 beds had little influence of potato growth and development. With water flow from north to south, plant growth, and tuber yield were significantly higher from potatoes growing at the north end, lowest in the plot center, and intermediate from potatoes growing at the south end. These data indicate that potato production with the two irrigation systems was similar.

Download Full-text

Role of beneficial microbes with nitrogen and phosphorous levels on canola productivity

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.227703 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

Author(s):

Hazratullah ◽

A. Muhammad ◽

M. Alam ◽

I. Ahmad ◽

A. Jalal

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Seed Filling ◽

Beneficial Microbes ◽

Biological Yield ◽

The Impact

Abstract A research was conducted to evaluate the impact of various nitrogen and phosphorus levels along with beneficial microbes to enhance canola productivity. The research was carried out at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar in winter 2016-2017. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block factorial design. The study was comprised of three factors including nitrogen (60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1), phosphorous (70, 100 and 130 kg ha-1) and beneficial microbes (with and without BM). A control treatment with no N, P and BM was also kept for comparison. Application of beneficial microbes significantly increased pods plant, seed pod, seed filling duration, 1000 seed weight, biological yield and seed yield as compared to control plots. Nitrogen applied at the rate of 180 kg ha-1 increased pods plant-1, seed pod, seed filling duration, seed weight, biological yield and seed yield. Maximum pods plant-1, seed pod, early seed filling, heavier seed weight, biological yield, seed yield, and harvest index were observed in plots treated with 130 kg.ha-1 phosphorous. As comparison, the combine treated plots have more pods plant-1, seeds pod-1, seed filling duration, heaviest seeds, biological yield, seed yield and harvest index as compared to control plots. It is concluded that application of beneficial microbes with N and P at the rate of 180 kg ha-1 and 130 kg ha-1, respectively, increased yield and its attributes for canola.

Download Full-text

Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Variety on Physiological Indices and Nutrient Composition of Livingstone Potato (Plectranthus esculentus N.E.Br.) in Gombe, Northern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2021/v43i1130770 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 180-188

Author(s):

E. D. Elemi ◽

P. O. Ukatu ◽

G. F. Uwak ◽

L. J. Agah

Keyword(s):

Harvest Index ◽

Starch Content ◽

Block Design ◽

High Yield ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Genetic Trait ◽

Physiological Indices ◽

Four Levels ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

Plectranthus esculentus N.E.Br. locally known as “rizga” is an important indigenous tuber crop in Nigeria which is currently endangered. One major factor that causes disappearance of this species, is the lower agronomic recommendations developed for growers and lack of information about nutrient contents leading to loss of interest in its cultivation. A field experiment was therefore conducted during the 2016 and 2017 rainy seasons to determine the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and variety on physiological indices as an attempt to conserve and evaluate the potential of the crop in food security, source of income and its adaptation in the Northern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments consisted four levels of nitrogen and phosphorus (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha), respectively and two varieties (vat Riyom and vat Loang’at). Results from analysis of variance showed that nitrogen and phosphorus applied at 90 kg/ha significantly produced higher physiological indices in both years. Beyond this rate, there was a decline in physiological indices resulting in decrease in starch content and dry matter accumulation. Harvest index indicated a positive relationship between the proportion of the biological yield and nutrient levels. Although, varietal difference was not significant on harvest index. This is an indication that HI is purely a genetic trait as affected by environmental factors. It was therefore concluded that, for high yield of livingstone potato, soils should be treated with a moderate application rate of 90 kg/ha nitrogen and phosphorus for enhanced physiological indices which are measures of growth and productivity per unit area of land in the Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria.

Download Full-text

Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on the Growth and Seed Yield of Spinach

Asian Plant Research Journal ◽

10.9734/aprj/2019/v3i130056 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Md. Rafiqul Islam ◽

Khaleda Khatun ◽

Tahmina Mostarin ◽

Md. Ehsanul Haq ◽

Md. Nahidul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Economic Benefit ◽

Block Design ◽

Mutual Effect ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Economic Point ◽

Four Levels

The experiment was conducted at the farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during Rabi (November 2017 to March 2018) season to find out the growth, yield and economic benefit of spinach seed as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorus. The research involved two factors. Factor A: Four levels of nitrogen; N0= 0 kg/ha N1= 27.6 kg/ha, N2=55.2 kg/ha, N3= 82.8 kg/ha, and factor B: Four levels of phosphorus; P0= 0 kg/ha; P1 = 15.84 kg/ha, P2= 31.68 kg/ha, P3= 47.52 kg/ha. There were 16 treatment combinations in the experiment and laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Quality tests of seeds were done based on the germination test (%), seed vigor test (Electrical conductivity). In case of nitrogen, the highest seed yield (1.10 t ha-1), germination percentage (87.33%) and lowest value in EC test (11.87 dS/cm) were obtained from N2, while the lowest seed yield (0.81 t ha-1), germination percentage (79.33%) and highest value in EC test ( 13.87 dS/cm) from N0. For phosphorus levels, the highest seed yield (1.05 t ha-1), germination percentage (86.58 % and) and lowest value in EC test (11.79 dS/cm) were recorded from P2, whereas the lowest seed yield (0.84 t ha-1), germination percentage (79.91%) and highest value in EC test (13.35 dS/cm) from P0. Due to mutual effect, the highest seed yield (1.30 t ha-1), germination percentage (91.33%) and lowest value in EC test (10.2 dS/cm) were noted from N2P2, whereas the lowest seed yield (0.69 t ha-1), germination percentage (72.66%) and highest value in EC test (14.83 dS/cm) from N0P0. From the economic point of view, the highest Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) (1.59) was found in the treatment of N2P2 and the lowest BCR (1.01) was found in the treatment of N0P0. It is apparent that the treatment combination N2P2 gave the best performance for the seed yield and economic benefit of spinach.

Download Full-text

Effect of cropping strategies on the irrigation water productivity of durum wheat

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/370/2012-pse ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 29-36

Author(s):

Khaledian MR ◽

Mailhol JC ◽

P. Ruelle ◽

C. Dejean

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Plant Density ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Sowing Date ◽

The Impact ◽

Climatic Series ◽

Irrigation Water Productivity

The importance of irrigation for durum wheat is often questionable because of possible spring rainfalls in the south-east of France. The cropping strategies i.e. plant density (PD), sowing date and irrigation management were analysed for improving irrigation water productivity (IWP). An experiment was carried out to calibrate and validate the PILOTE model. An adaptation of the potential harvest index to PD was implemented in PILOTE. The latter satisfactorily simulates different model outputs with coefficients of efficiency greater than 0.97. The model was employed for simulating the impact of cropping strategies on IWP for a long climatic series. According to model simulations, the necessity of irrigation is questionable under our conditions. IWP was notably lower under high PD than under low PD for the same sowing date. Under low PD and without irrigation it would be possible to obtain yield similar to that obtained under high PD with irrigation.

Download Full-text