scholarly journals Complications Associated with Osmotic Therapy in Acute Stroke Patients- A Prospective Longitudinal Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhan Rackimuthu ◽  
Pawan Raj Pulu Ishwara ◽  
Sucharitha Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Cumulative Dose ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Introduction: Mannitol is one of the most frequently used drugs to treat cerebral oedema resulting from ischemic and haemorrhagic strokes. Mannitol administration is associated with complications such as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and electrolyte imbalance. Aim: To study effect of mannitol therapy on electrolyte levels and renal function in acute stroke patients. Materials and Methods: The present prospective longitudinal observational study was carried out from January 2019 till September 2019 in Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India. After taking informed consent, patients with acute stroke who received mannitol were recruited into the study. Nature of the stroke, presence of comorbidities and dosage of mannitol given were recorded. Serum electrolytes, Serum urea and creatinine were recorded at admission and on fifth day. Serum urea was measured by enzymatic photometric method using urease and glutamate dehydrogenase and serum creatinine was measured by Jaffe’s kinetic method. Comparison of data among different groups was performed using student t-test, ANOVA test, Mann-whitney test and Pearson test. The p-values <0.05 were taken as statistically significant. Results: Total of 72 patients were included in the study. Mean age was 57.7±14.6 years and male: female ratio was 2.27:1. Of the total study subjects, 16 suffered from diabetes (22.22%), 40 from hypertension (55.55%). Ischemic stroke was seen in 41.66% patients and haemorrhagic stroke was seen in 58.33% of the patients. The dose of mannitol administered to all the patients was less than 1 gram/kg/day (low dose mannitol). Cumulative dose of mannitol was 180±177.3 grams. Serum sodium levels were significantly lower on fifth day compared to admission (p-value 0.030) whereas serum potassium and chloride levels were not significantly changed during therapy. There was statistically significant elevation in serum urea levels from admission to fifth day (p-value <0.001) whereas creatinine levels were not significantly altered. Total cumulative dose was compared to serum electrolyte levels and urea and creatinine at admission and fifth day and no significant changes were found. On analysing comorbidities, electrolyte fluctuations were more common in diabetics and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients whereas renal function parameters were abnormal in diabetics, CKD and hypertensive patients. None of the patients needed any corrective measures to treat the dyselectrolytemias or altered renal function. Conclusion: Low dose mannitol therapy does not produce any significant electrolyte or renal function abnormality in patients with acute stroke. Careful monitoring may be required while treating patients with additional comorbidities.

Effectiveness of Homoeopathy in Tinea corporis and Tinea cruris – A Prospective, Longitudinal Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 618-627
Author(s):  
Yogeshwari Gupta ◽  
◽  
Sonia Tuteja ◽  
Ankita Acharya ◽  
Vikrant Tripathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Clinical Symptom ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Tinea Corporis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tinea Cruris ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Dermatophytoses refers to superficial fungal infection of keratinized tissues caused by keratinophilic dermatophytes. According to observations worldwide, dermatophytoses are the most common of the superficial fungal infections. It is common in tropics and may present in epidemic proportions in areas with high rates of humidity. This prospective, longitudinal, observational study was conducted at SKHMC, Jaipur for a period of 1 year (April 2018 to March 2019), aiming to ascertain the effectiveness of homoeopathic medicines in the treatment of Tinea corporis and Tinea cruris. In this study, 65 cases of Tinea Infection (33 cases of Tinea cruris & 32 cases of Tinea corporis) were treated with homoeopathic medicines prescribed on the basis of totality of the symptoms. Treatment outcomes were assessed using Clinical Symptom Score, designed for this study & approved by Institutional Ethical Committee. Out of 65 patients, 41 patients (63.1%) got improved; 19 patients (29.2%) were at status quo and 05 patients (07.7%) became worse. Maximum patients were found to be in the age group of 11-40 years (n=50; 76.9%). Males were observed to be affected more as compared to females. Paired t-test was conducted on the Clinical Symptom Scores obtained before and after treatment and the result showed that p value is < 0.05 & value of t (11.623) is greater than the tabulated value in t-table at df = 64 (1.997), which was statistically significant and which also concluded that homoeopathic medicines were effective in treating Tinea corporis and Tinea cruris. Keywords Homeopathy; Dermatophytoses; Fungal infection; Observational study

Effectiveness of Characteristic Keynote Prescription of Homeopathic Medicines in Acute Nasopharyngitis in Paediatric Age Group - A Prospective, Longitudinal Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 609-617
Author(s):  
Saket Kumar Singh ◽  
◽  
Vikrant Tripathi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Acute Nasopharyngitis is a common upper respiratory tract infection caused by adenoviruses, influenza, rhinovirus, parainfluenza or respiratory syncytial viruses. This prospective, longitudinal, observational study was conducted at SKHMC, Jaipur for a period of 1 year (April 2018 to March 2019), aiming to ascertain the effectiveness of characteristic keynote prescription of homoeopathic medicines in the cases of Acute Nasopharyngitis in paediatric age group. In this study, 59 cases of Acute Nasopharyngitis were treated with homoeopathic medicines prescribed on the basis of totality of the symptoms along with characteristic keynote symptoms. Treatment outcomes were assessed using Common Cold Questionnaire. Out of 59 patients, 36 patients (61.0%) were improved; 15 patients (25.5%) were at status quo, and 08 patients (13.5%) became worse. Maximum patients were found to be in the age group of School Age children (n=27; 45.8%) and Pre-School children (n=21; 35.6%). Males were observed to be affected more as compared to females. Paired ttest was conducted on the CCQ scores obtained before and after treatment and the result showed that p value was < 0.05 & t = 8.404, which was statistically significant which concluded that characteristic keynote prescription of homoeopathic medicines was effective in cases of Acute Nasopharyngitis. Keywords Homeopathy; Common Cold; School age children; Observational study

Continuous glucose monitoring in acute stroke

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Aponte-Becerra ◽  
Rodrigo Quispe ◽  
Laura Mendez-Pino ◽  
Vera Novak ◽  
Magdy Selim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
P Value ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Glycaemic Variability ◽  
Acute Brain Ischemia

"Hyperglycaemia upon admission is a pathophysiological response to acute brain ischemia that has been independently associated with high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Glycaemic variability (GV) has also shown association with poor clinical outcomes among stroke patients. GV is best assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), which enables consecutives glucose measurements every 5 minutes. This pilot study aimed: 1) To describe safety, feasibility and tolerability of CGM in the acute stroke setting; and 2) To compare CGM and conventional FS glucose-based monitoring regimen in terms of their relationship with GUA and the accuracy of hypoglycaemic episodes detection. Safety, feasibility and tolerability of CGM was excellent in our cohort of 23 patients with acute stroke (61% ischemic and 39% intracerebral haemorrhage) and there were no adverse events. CGM recorded ten hypoglycaemic episodes that were not detected by conventional FS monitoring. GUA was associated with coefficient of variation (CV) of CGM (p=0.03), CV of FS (p=0.01), standard deviation (SD) of CGM (p-value=0.01) and mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE) (pvalue= 0.001)."

scholarly journals STROKE OUTCOMES IN NON-DIABETIC, DENOVO DIABETIC AND DIABETIC INDIAN PATIENTS MEASURED BY MODIFIED RANKIN SCALE: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Syed Junaid Ahmed ◽  
Abdur Rahman Mohd Masood ◽  
Safiya Sumana ◽  
Khadeer Ahmed Ghori ◽  
Javed Akhtar Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Modified Rankin Scale ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
The Mean

Objective: Hyperglycemia is a known risk factor which adversely impacts the outcomes in stroke patients compared to patients with normal blood glucose levels. Patients suffering from an acute stroke who are previously nonhyperglycemic may show elevated blood glucose levels. The present study was designed to measure the outcomes in denovo diabetic and diabetic stroke patients compared to nondiabetics.Methods: A prospective observational study over a period of 6 mo, in which 103 patients were divided into three cohorts based on their blood glucose levels (nondiabetic, denovo diabetic and diabetics). The modified Rankin scale (mRS) score was calculated at in-hospital admission and discharge in these three cohorts. The initial and final scores were correlated and mean differences with respect to outcomes between all the three cohorts was calculated.Results: The mean mRS at the time of hospital admission in diabetics and nondiabetics was 3.6±0.81 and 3.3±0.78 which decreased to 2.8±0.95 and 2.9±0.83 respectively at the time of discharge. The mean mRS score in denovo diabetic stroke patients during in-hospital admission was 4±0.81 which was calculated as 3.7±0.85 at the time of discharge. The mean difference in mRS score in diabetics vs non-diabetics was found to be 0.73±0.8 (p =<0.001). The mean difference in mRS score of denovo diabetics vs non-diabetics and denovo diabetics vs diabetics was 0.30±0.63 and 0.38±0.61 respectively (p = 0.1).Conclusion: Results of these observational study in Indian patients, highlights the need for controlling hyperglycemia in stroke patients to improve outcomes and to prevent mortality arising out of acute stroke attacks.

scholarly journals Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Associated Risk Factors in Patients With Lung Cancer: A Longitudinal Observational Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1195-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ni ◽  
Jian Feng ◽  
Linda Denehy ◽  
Yi Wu ◽  
Liqin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cancer Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Purpose. This study aimed to measure symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Chinese patients following a new diagnosis of lung cancer. Secondary aims were to explore factors at diagnosis that may predict PTSD symptoms at 6 months. Methods. This was a prospective longitudinal observational study that included 93 patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer. PTSD symptomology was assessed using the PTSD Checklist Civilian Version (PCL-C) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed with the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer questionnaire. Measures were completed at diagnosis and 6 months. Results. No patient had PTSD at baseline or 6 months as measured by a score of ⩾50 in the PCL-C. However, at diagnosis, 44% of patients had “mild” symptoms of PTSD. At 6 months, 64% of patients had “mild” and 8% had “moderate” PTSD symptoms. PTSD symptom scores significantly worsened over 6 months (mean difference [95% CI] = 7.2 [5.4 to 9.0]). Six months after diagnosis, higher PTSD scores were seen in people who at diagnosis were younger ( P = .003), had a lower smoking pack history ( P = .012), displayed less sedentary behavior ( P < .005), or initially had worse cancer symptoms, including fatigue ( P = .001) and poorer HRQoL ( P = .004). Conclusions. Mild PTSD symptoms are common in patients with lung cancer 6 months after treatment; however, a full diagnosis of PTSD is uncommon. Screening for PTSD symptoms may be considered for at-risk patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN SUB-ACUTE STROKE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Aisha Sarfaraz ◽  
Dr Abdul Azeem ◽  
Mehwish Butt ◽  
Muhammad Umar
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
P Value ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Stroke is a very common neurological condition affects various aspects of health. The primary objective of this study was to find out the frequency of functional disability and cognitive impairments in Sub-acute Stroke patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 112 Sub-acute Stroke patients in Karachi, Pakistan. Using Barthel Index (BI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test was used to find out the frequency of functional disability and cognitive impairments of Sub-acute Stroke patients. RESULTS The correlation of BI scores with MMSE scores for the Male gender was 0.576 whilst the correlation of BI scores with MMSE scores for the Female gender was 0.440. The severity of functional disability concerning age groups assessed P-value was 0.026 using Chi-Square Test. The severity of functional disability (BI severity) concerning gender, P-value was found 0.097 using the same test. CONCLUSION Functional Disability is directly linked with age. However, there was no linkage established between Cognitive Impairment and age as well as gender. On close inspection, there was a trend between Functional disability and gender but not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Prothrombotic disturbances of hemostasis of patients with severe COVID-19: A prospective longitudinal observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaël Hardy ◽  
Isabelle Michaux ◽  
Sarah Lessire ◽  
Jonathan Douxfils ◽  
Jean-Michel Dogné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document