Mechanical Control of Oil Spills Utilizing a Streamlined Boom

1973 ◽  
Vol 1973 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-389
Author(s):  
David C. Wooten
Keyword(s):  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Oil Retention ◽  
Bow Wave ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Conventional Oil

ABSTRACT Conventional oil retention booms fail to contain oil in currents above one to two knots. A steamlined boom to operate in currents or while being towed in excess of two knots was designed and tested under varying current and combined wave-current conditions. The boom consists of airfoil-shaped sections which resemble hydrofoils operating at the water surface. The boom is designed so that the stagnation streamline at the leading edge of the foil is located beneath the oil spill under a range of dynamic current and wave conditions. Motion of the boom through the water (or the flow past the boom due to a net current) causes a bow wave which sweeps oil and water over the top of the leading edge of the boom and into a sump. Tests indicated that the streamlined boom profile has a drag coefficient of less than one-third that of conventional boom shapes. Collection efficiency measurements with oil indicate that collection efficiencies greater than 75 percent can be achieved at three knots.

EPHEMERAL DATA COLLECTION GUIDANCE MANUAL, WITH EMPHASIS ON OIL SPILL NRDAS

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 1029-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon A. Robilliard ◽  
Paul D. Boehm ◽  
Michael J. Amman
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Environmental Sampling ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Spilled Oil

ABSTRACT The purpose of the guidance manual is to identify for first responders the basic methods for collecting, preserving, and documenting essential ephemeral samples and data that are needed for NRDA and general environmental assessment in oil spills. The manual assumes that first responders will have limited specialized experience, expertise, and equipment in environmental sampling. Ephemeral data and samples include (a) source oil and freshly spilled oil, (b) the spatial distribution and amount of oil on the water surface and on shorelines, (c) unoiled beach sediments, (d) oil in the water column in unoiled and oiled areas, and (e) selected unoiled intertidal organisms. The manual provides guidance on where, when, and how to collect each type of sample and data. The manual emphasizes the importance of documenting samples and data so that they can be used later to evaluate the environmental impacts of the spilled oil.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the geoecological and fire situation in case of the oil spillage on the water surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022044
Author(s):  
T S Titova ◽  
R Akhtyamov ◽  
V V Bondarenko ◽  
V L Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Underwater Pipeline ◽  
Main Oil Pipeline

Abstract The work provides an assessment of the geoecological situation during an oil spill on the water surface. The modeling of the process of oil burning on the water surface is carried out, and also a model for estimating the oil burning time during depressurization of the underwater passage of the main oil pipeline is proposed. The assessment of individual and social risk in case of ignition of an oil spill as a result of depressurization of the underwater crossing of the main oil pipeline is given. The fire risk assessment was carried out under the condition of a guillotine rupture of the underwater pipeline, since, despite the lowest frequency of this type of depressurization, the levels of exposure to damaging factors, due to the largest volume of oil spills, will be maximum and will make the main contribution to the magnitude of the fire risk. When forecasting an emergency, a model of the spread of an oil slick along the water surface of a watercourse was developed, which takes into account the wind speed and the speed of the river flow.

scholarly journals Protection of water supply sources from the emergency oil spill on the water surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032026
Author(s):  
R Akhtyamov ◽  
T S Titova ◽  
D V Glazkov ◽  
I I Gavrilin
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Choice Of Technology ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

Abstract The article provides an algorithm for organizing oil spill response on the water surface, as well as the results of the analysis of existing methods of oil and oil product spill response. In order to improve the complex of measures to eliminate oil spills on the water surface, the main requirements for oil-absorbing materials are given. It is shown that the localization and elimination of oil and oil products spills on the water surface due to the destruction of the underwater passage of the main oil pipeline requires a set of works that require the use of various methods and the use of the necessary technical means. The developed set of measures for organizing work in response to oil spills on the water surface and the results of the analysis of existing methods for responding to oil and oil products spills will reduce the time for containment and response to the spill, taking into account the optimal choice of technology for cleaning the coastal strip from oil pollution.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the geoecological and fire situation in case of the oil spillage on the water surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032058
Author(s):  
T S Titova ◽  
R Akhtyamov ◽  
V V Bondarenko ◽  
V L Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Underwater Pipeline ◽  
Main Oil Pipeline

Abstract The work provides an assessment of the geoecological situation during an oil spill on the water surface. The modeling of the process of oil burning on the water surface is carried out, and also a model for estimating the oil burning time during depressurization of the underwater passage of the main oil pipeline is proposed. The assessment of individual and social risk in case of ignition of an oil spill as a result of depressurization of the underwater crossing of the main oil pipeline is given. The fire risk assessment was carried out under the condition of a guillotine rupture of the underwater pipeline, since, despite the lowest frequency of this type of depressurization, the levels of exposure to damaging factors, due to the largest volume of oil spills, will be maximum and will make the main contribution to the magnitude of the fire risk. When forecasting an emergency, a model of the spread of an oil slick along the water surface of a watercourse was developed, which takes into account the wind speed and the speed of the river flow.

scholarly journals Protection of water supply sources from the emergency oil spill on the water surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032057
Author(s):  
R Akhtyamov ◽  
T S Titova ◽  
D V Glazkov ◽  
I I Gavrilin
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Choice Of Technology ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

Abstract The article provides an algorithm for organizing oil spill response on the water surface, as well as the results of the analysis of existing methods of oil and oil product spill response. In order to improve the complex of measures to eliminate oil spills on the water surface, the main requirements for oil-absorbing materials are given. It is shown that the localization and elimination of oil and oil products spills on the water surface due to the destruction of the underwater passage of the main oil pipeline requires a set of works that require the use of various methods and the use of the necessary technical means. The developed set of measures for organizing work in response to oil spills on the water surface and the results of the analysis of existing methods for responding to oil and oil products spills will reduce the time for containment and response to the spill, taking into account the optimal choice of technology for cleaning the coastal strip from oil pollution.

CLEANING UP EMERGENCY OIL SPILLS FROM THE WATER SURFACE WITH MAGNETIC ADSORBENTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Rubanov ◽  
Yury Rubanov ◽  
Yulia Tokach ◽  
Yulia Tokach ◽  
Marina Vasilenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Steelmaking Slag ◽  
Magnetic Adsorbents ◽  
Ratio Of Components ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate ◽  
Electric Furnace Steelmaking

There was suggested a method of obtaining a complex adsorbent with magnetic properties for the oil spill clean-up from the water surface by means of controlled magnetic field. As magnetic filler a finely-dispersed iron-ore concentrate in the form of magnetite, obtained by wet magnetic separation of crushed iron ore, was suggested. As an adsorbing component the disintegrating electric-furnace steelmaking slag, obtained by dry air-cooling method, was selected. The mass ratio of components slag:magnetite is 1(1,5÷2,0). For cleaning up emergency oil spills with the suggested magnetic adsorbent a facility, which is installed on a twin-hulled oil recovery vessel, was designed. The vessel contains a rectangular case between the vessel hulls with inlet and outlet for the treated water, the bottom of which is a permanently moving belt. Above the belt, at the end point of it there is an oil-gathering drum with magnetic system. The adsorbent is poured to oil-products layer from a hopper, provided with drum feeder. Due to the increased bulk weight the adsorbent sinks rapidly into the oil layer on the water surface. If the large non-floating flocculi are formed, they sink and sedimentate on the moving belt and are moved to the oil-gathering drum. The saturated adsorbent is removed from the drum surface with a scraper, connected with a gutter, with contains a rotating auger.

ECOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE VULNERABILITY OF THE COASTS OF THE KARA SEA TO THE OIL SPILL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Ermolov ◽  
Alexander Ermolov
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
International System ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
International Systems

International experience of oil spill response in the sea defines the priority of coastal protection and the need to identify as most valuable in ecological terms and the most vulnerable areas. Methodological approaches to the assessing the vulnerability of Arctic coasts to oil spills based on international systems of Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) and geomorphological zoning are considered in the article. The comprehensive environmental and geomorphological approach allowed us to form the morphodynamic basis for the classification of seacoasts and try to adapt the international system of indexes to the shores of the Kara Sea taking into account the specific natural conditions. This work has improved the expert assessments of the vulnerability and resilience of the seacoasts.

An assessment of toxic metals content in the marine sediments of the Shuaiba Industrial Area, Kuwait, after the oil spill during the Gulf War

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Al-Muzaini ◽  
P. G. Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Very High

A field study was carried out involving seven fixed sampling stations. The sampling locations were selected to cover the distribution of pollutants in the Shuaiba Industrial Area (SIA), which was contaminated with oil released from oil wells and broken pipelines and with a vast amount of burnt and unburnt crude oil from the burning and gushing oil wells. The samples were collected biweekly between July 1993 and July 1994. The concentrations of V, Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb were determined and compared with the previously collected baseline data to assess the degree of environmental damage caused due to the oil spills during the Gulf war. The average concentrations (mg/kg) of various elements in the marine sediment were 17.3 for V, 30.8 for Ni, 55.5 for Cr, 0.02 for Cd and 1.95 for Pb. Our results show that even after the heavy spillage of oil, associated metal concentrations were not very high compared with previously reported base line values.

scholarly journals Next-Generation Smart Response Web (NG-SRW): An Operational Spatial Decision Support System for Maritime Oil Spill Emergency Response in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6585
Author(s):  
Mihhail Fetissov ◽  
Robert Aps ◽  
Floris Goerlandt ◽  
Holger Jänes ◽  
Jonne Kotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
The Baltic

The Baltic Sea is a unique and sensitive brackish-water ecosystem vulnerable to damage from shipping activities. Despite high levels of maritime safety in the area, there is a continued risk of oil spills and associated harmful environmental impacts. Achieving common situational awareness between oil spill response decision makers and other actors, such as merchant vessel and Vessel Traffic Service center operators, is an important step to minimizing detrimental effects. This paper presents the Next-Generation Smart Response Web (NG-SRW), a web-based application to aid decision making concerning oil spill response. This tool aims to provide, dynamically and interactively, relevant information on oil spills. By integrating the analysis and visualization of dynamic spill features with the sensitivity of environmental elements and value of human uses, the benefits of potential response actions can be compared, helping to develop an appropriate response strategy. The oil spill process simulation enables the response authorities to judge better the complexity and dynamic behavior of the systems and processes behind the potential environmental impact assessment and thereby better control the oil combat action.

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