Performance of Agricultural Wastes as a Biofilter Media for Low-Cost Wastewater Treatment Technology

The exemplary properties of eggshell waste have gained a lot of attention due to its chemical composition and bio-degradable features making it a suitable choice to be used in wastewater treatment. The use of biosorption as an alternate treatment technology to conventional processes such as chemical precipitation and ion exchange is seen as a promising solution to the many drawbacks experienced by conventional processes. Furthermore, due to higher imposed environmental legislations, eco-friendly and low-cost considerations have set the momentum in the search for biosorbents of this nature. With the circular economy being the focal point of industrial operations, eggshell waste is a highly promising biosorbent due to its non-toxicity properties and its ability to be converted from a waste material to a valuable product. In this review paper, fundamental aspects of biosorption will be discussed where the main focus will lie in qualitatively examining the properties of eggshell waste, binding mechanisms, kinetics and isotherm modelling that make it an attractive option to be used in the biosorptive process. Finally, a summary of the important considerations for future research work in this field is presented.

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Research on the Experimental Device of Combined Two-Phase ABR and SBR

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.507.677 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 507 ◽

pp. 677-681

Author(s):

Ling Jing ◽

Xin Xia Wang

Keyword(s):

Mass Transfer ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Low Cost ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Water Environment ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Two Phase

With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production in China, the industrial waste water and city wastewater discharged to water environment are increasing. Anaerobic biological treatment is a low-cost wastewater treatment technology and is also a combined technology of the wastewater treatment and energy recovery, it can be used as a core part of energy production and environmental protection system, its product can be actively used to result economic value. After in-depth and systematically study the mechanism and mass transfer theory of anaerobic biological treatment technology, this paper designs anaerobic reactor of high efficiency in mass transfer, namely the anaerobic baffled - elastic packing biofilm reactor.

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Low cost wastewater treatment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0150 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 39-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Petr Grau

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Fault Tolerant ◽

Low Cost ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Environment Friendly ◽

Cost Treatment ◽

Scientists And Engineers ◽

Free Environment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Systems

One of the key roles of water quality scientists and engineers is to develop affordable wastewater treatment systems, as efficient as required by applicable legislation, error and nuisance free, environment-friendly, fault-tolerant and easy to operate. The concepts of affordability and appropriateness are considered. A number of “classic” errors in the implementation of supposedly low cost treatment systems are outlined. Finally the features of three successful types of treatment technology are described.

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The Applicability of Eggshell Waste as a Sustainable Biosorbent Medium in Wastewater Treatment – A Review

Materials Research Foundations - Advances in Wastewater Treatment I ◽

10.21741/9781644901151-5 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 171-203

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Focal Point ◽

Low Cost ◽

Research Work ◽

Future Research ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Attractive Option ◽

Industrial Operations ◽

The Many ◽

Eggshell Waste

The exemplary properties of eggshell waste have gained a lot of attention due to its chemical composition and bio-degradable features making it a suitable choice to be used in wastewater treatment. The use of biosorption as an alternate treatment technology to conventional processes such as chemical precipitation and ion exchange is seen as a promising solution to the many drawbacks experienced by conventional processes. Furthermore, due to higher imposed environmental legislations, eco-friendly and low-cost considerations have set the momentum in the search for biosorbents of this nature. With the circular economy being the focal point of industrial operations, eggshell waste is a highly promising biosorbent due to its non-toxicity properties and its ability to be converted from a waste material to a valuable product. In this review paper, fundamental aspects of biosorption will be discussed where the main focus will lie in qualitatively examining the properties of eggshell waste, binding mechanisms, kinetics and isotherm modelling that make it an attractive option to be used in the biosorptive process. Finally, a summary of the important considerations for future research work in this field is presented.

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2-D Modeling to Understand the Design Configuration and Flow Dynamics of Pond-in-Pond (Pip) Wastewater Treatment System for Reuse

10.20944/preprints202104.0709.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kushal Adhikari ◽

Clifford Fedler ◽

Alireza Asadi

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Water Scarcity ◽

Water Reuse ◽

Low Cost ◽

Wastewater Reuse ◽

Flow Dynamics ◽

Treatment System ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Modeling Tools ◽

Lower Velocity

Water reuse for irrigation is increasingly recognized as an essential and economical strategy in areas with water scarcity. A simple, low-cost, low-maintenance, and highly efficient Pond-In-Pond (PIP) treatment system can be used for wastewater reuse. PIP is a treatment technology in which two types of ponds -- anaerobic and aerobic -- are combined into a single pond and consist of a deeper inner section entirely submerged within the outer pond. Previous studies on PIPs and PIP-like systems have reinforced the potential for reuse through promising performance results with BOD removal over 80% and a reduction in land area requirements by approximately 40%. Yet, no prior efforts have been made to understand the performance mechanism of such systems. This study makes use of two, 2-D modeling tools in developing a fundamental understanding of PIP flow dynamics and the expected performance. The modeling results showed that the PIP configuration offers improved flow diversion along with reduced flow velocity. Additionally, the PIP retained approximately 17% more (p<0.05) particles than the traditional pond with most of the particles concentrated within the inner pond. Lower velocity and the higher solids retention in the PIP thus allowed for better treatment performance compared to traditional ponds. The findings from this study can be used as preliminary data for future in-depth investigations of the PIP system leading toward effective and optimal designs. This will help address the major societal concern of water scarcity with low-cost and effective wastewater treatment.

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Integrated constructed wetland systems: design, operation, and performance of low-cost decentralized wastewater treatment systems

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2007.140 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (7) ◽

pp. 155-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

L.L. Behrends ◽

E. Bailey ◽

P. Jansen ◽

L. Houke ◽

S. Smith

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Constructed Wetland ◽

Low Cost ◽

Nitrate Removal ◽

Systems Design ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Surface Flow ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Decentralized Market

Several different types of constructed wetland systems are being used as decentralized treatment systems including surface-flow, subsurface-flow, vertical-flow, and hybrid systems. Archetypical wetland systems have design strengths and weaknesses, and therefore it should be possible to design combined (integrated) systems to optimize a number of important treatment processes. This study provides comparative efficacy data for two integrated wetland treatment systems (IWTS) designed to enhance treatment of medium strength wastewater generated from a pilot-scale intensive fish farm. Results from the twenty eight months study included consistently high removal of COD (84%+) and ammonia nitrogen (93%) in both systems. Initially, phosphorus removal was also high (>90%) in both systems, but removal efficacy declined significantly over time. Nitrate removal was significantly better in the system that provided sequential aerobic and anoxic environments. Short hydraulic retention times coupled with sustained removal of COD and ammonia indicate that the ReCip components could be a least-cost wastewater treatment technology in the decentralized market sector.

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MASALAH DAN ALTERNATIF TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR UNTUK MASYARAKAT MISKIN KOTA

Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan ◽

10.29122/jrl.v6i3.1938 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Arie Herlambang

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Ground Water ◽

Potable Water ◽

Diarrheal Disease ◽

Low Cost ◽

Clean Water ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Alternative Technologies ◽

The Poor ◽

Daily Water

Clean water to poor communities who live in crowded municipal area is stillexpensive and a luxury. This condition is evidenced by the number of people whouse ground water for their daily water, because water taps still seems expensivefor them. Diarrheal disease is still relatively high for Indonesia, where nearly 16thousand people suffer from diarrhea due to poor sanitation. To help the poor inthe city, there are several alternative technologies that can be applied to publicaccess to clean water and adequate low-cost, including ground water treatmenttechnology with a filter system equipped with an ultraviolet sterilizer, or ozonegenerators, or using ultrafiltration, if possible can also use the reverse osmosismembrane that for fresh water. Arsinum is the best alternative should be chosenfor fulfilled potable water in slump area.Keywords : Sanitation, water treatment technology, portable water, low-cost, slump area

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Experience from 10 Years Advanced Wastewater Treatment – Technology and Results

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1982.0053 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 14 (1-2) ◽

pp. 121-133

Author(s):

C Forsberg ◽

B Hawerman ◽

B Hultman

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Urban Population ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Removal Efficiencies ◽

Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Operational Modes ◽

Polluted Waters

Experience from advanced municipal wastewater treatment plants and recovery of polluted waters are described for the last ten years in Sweden. Except in municipalities with large recipients, the urban population is served by treatment plants with combined biological and chemical treatment. Most of these plants are post-precipitation plants. Several modified operational modes have been developed in order to improve the removal efficiencies of pollutants and to reduce the costs. Results are presented on the recovery of specially investigated lakes with a lowered supply of total phosphorus and organic matter.

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