scholarly journals Effectiveness of Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) in Input Delivery in Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ibitunde Ibidun Olatohun ◽  
Farinde Akinloye Jimoh ◽  
Adereti Francis Oke
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The study identified the problems of access to inputs by the small-scale farmers; and analyzed the structure and operations of the Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) on input supply to small-scale farmers in Southwestern Nigeria with the view to investigate the effectiveness of GESS in South western Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed in selecting 420 GESS farmers. The interview schedule was used to collect data which were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis to test the hypothesis. Results showed that the mean age of the small-scale farmers was 49.57±10.49 years and a high level, 75.70 per cent were males. A higher percentage (55.80%) showed a high level of identified problems of access to inputs. Analysis of the structure and operations of GESS on input supply showed that GESS was structured and operated by the government among the various stakeholders using the top-down approach. Out of the nineteen GESS effectiveness indicators, none was effective at solving the problems of inputs delivery to the respondents. Chi-square analysis showed a significant association between the effectiveness of GESS and respondents' sex (χ2=46.159; p≤ 0.01). Correlation analysis showed a negative and significant relationship between the effectiveness of GESS and identified problems of access to inputs (r=-0.214, p≤0.001). It was concluded that GESS recorded a low level of effectiveness of GESS in the study area as a result of the high level of identified problems of access to agricultural inputs through GESS. The study therefore recommends that there should be better orientation for future likely programmes and a reorientation of the farmers about the GESS in which there will be more extensive sensitization and enlightenment, especially at the grassroots level, also that quantity of input supply be increased and that more inclusive participatory approach instead of top-down approach should be adopted for planning, execution and evaluation of the GESS programme.

scholarly journals Assessment of Extension Officers Contribution to Cocoa Production in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1123-1128
Author(s):  
O.S. Oke ◽  
M.O. Nosiru ◽  
A.A. Ogunbela ◽  
J.T. Marizu ◽  
M.O. Lawah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

This study was carried out to evaluate the extension officer contribution to cocoa production in Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used, where two hundred and sixteen questionnaires were distributed in Osun and Ondo state , the information gathered were analyzed using descriptive statistic such as; frequency and percentage, while chi-square analysis was used to analyze the data obtained. From the results, married (77.6%),  male (84.0%), secondary school holders (52.0%), between 40-49 (34.4%) years old farmers were seen as the highest cocoa producers. Extension training(64.0%), commercial agents(64.0%), fellowship(52.8%), self observation(76.0%) were the best source of information on extension service of cocoa farming , most respondents (65.0%); get extension training programme at regular basis, identified Constraints facing cocoa production in the study area includes deficient credit facilities, high cost of labour, bad road, poor marketing/storage facilities, lack of technical knowledge / assess to technical tools and so on. in view of afore mentioned result it is therefore recommended that the government should make loan available to the cocoa famers at very low interest rate and urge cocoa farmers to form cooperative society, strengthen their agricultural extension agents so that they will be able to rain cocoa farmers on the basic things they should know about primary processing such as fermentation and drying of cocoa beans in improving the quality in Nigeria to meet international market. Keywords: Assessment, Extension officer, Contribution, Farmers, Cocoa production

scholarly journals Assessment of crop farmers coping strategies to pastoralism/nomad activities in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Kayode Samuel Obaniyi ◽  
Ayorinde Kolawole ◽  
Abiodun Ajala ◽  
Abigail Adeyonu ◽  
Adedayo Oguntade
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Coping

AbstractThis study examined the coping strategies of crop farmers to pastoralist activities in Odo-Otin Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 120 farmers. The data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire and interview and were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The result revealed various levels of damage caused to food security by the pastoralist as follows: compaction of soil (84%), damage and eating of the crops on the field (79%), indiscriminate bush burning leading to fire outbreak on farms (73%), stealing of farm produce by herders (73%), pollution of water points (54%), killing of farmers (13%) and others. The result further revealed the coping strategies used by crop farmers: praying for peace (98%), early harvesting (95%), early planting (92%), multiple farm plots (91%), group farming (90%), relocating farm (77%), police intervention (60%), government intervention (9%), NGO intervention (9%) and insurance (4.2%). The results of Chi-square analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the educational status (X2 = 13.06, P = 0.01) and coping strategies used against pastoralist activities. Therefore, it is recommended that the government should formulate a policy that will stimulate peace among crop farmers and pastoralist to sustain food security and reduce poverty among rural dwellers, thereby transforming the rural environment into an attractive centre.

scholarly journals Farmers’ involvement in capital markets investment as an alternative source of funding for agriculture in Ondo State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 8647-8662
Author(s):  
OO Fasina
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Capital Market

Farming in Nigeria largely takes place in peasant and small scale physical labour-fed farms where productivity diminishes with age. Given depleting productivity accounted for by loss of agility due to advancement in age and general insufficiency of capital, avenues capable of sufficiently salvaging this dearth must, therefore, be explored. The study examined farmers’ involvement in the capital markets as an alternative funding source for agricultural activities in Ondo State of Nigeria. It specifically examined farmers’ awareness of the capital markets as well as the influence of their socioeconomic characteristics on their involvement in the capital market. Using a random sampling technique, a well structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 90 farmers selected for the study. Descriptive statistics like frequency tables were used to present the results of the study while the chi square analysis was used to test the study hypothesis. Results revealed that majority of respondents were males (86.7%). Nearly all were married (96.6%) and above 40 years of age (84.4%). Majority (82.2%) had one form of formal education or the other. Those with farming experience over 10years were 63.3%. Only thirty six percent of the farmers were aware of capital markets investment while only 8% actually had investment in the capital markets. The study also found that agricultural extension services had never disseminated any information on the capital market. A major constraint to respondents’ investment was lack of adequate information. At p ≤ 0.05, chi square analysis revealed that age of the farmers, their level of education, farming experience and awareness of capital markets investment were significantly associated with their investment in the capital market. The study recommended that agricultural extension agents should be mobilised to develop and disseminate information on the capital markets to farmers. Stock brokers should also visit farmer groups for enlightenment campaigns.

scholarly journals Agricultural Inputs Subsidy in Nigeria: An Overview of the Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amurtiya Michael ◽  
Abdu Karniliyus Tashikalma ◽  
David Chinda Maurice
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Late Delivery ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Successes And Challenges ◽  
Farm Inputs

The Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) was initiated by the Nigerian government to boost agricultural production through the provision of ‘smart subsidies’ on some farm inputs to small‑scale farmers. This review highlights the successes and challenges of the Scheme’s implementation process across the country. The study reviewed scholarly articles and other secondary data from government sources on the scheme. Findings from the study revealed that the Scheme was able to deliver subsidised agricultural inputs to small-scale farmers with relative ease and at affordable rate which was able to boost farm output. However, the scheme is affected majorly by its politicization, the inability of the governments to release funds to agro-dealers leading to late delivery of inputs and the lack of support service (extension) to farmers. Based on these findings, it is therefore recommended that, adequate synergy should be established between all collaborating agencies of the government participating in the scheme to ensure adequate release of funds, timely disbursement of farm inputs and the provision of suitable support services to farmers.

scholarly journals Tingkat Stres Ibu Menyusui dan Pemberian Asi pada Bulan Pertama

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Zuly Daima Ulfa ◽  
Yuli Setyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Moderate Stress

ENGLISHStress on maternal can inhibit breastmilk production so that it disrupts lactation. Stress occurs in the first month after birth delivery as the adaptation of new roles. This condition causes mother give up on breastfeeding early and it affects the sustainibility of exclusive breastfeeding as ideal nutrition for infant. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between stress levels of breastfeeding mothers and behavior of giving the breast milk in the first month. This study used a cross sectional approach which was carried out in the working area of Community Health Center of Tayu I. The sampling technique was  purposive sampling. The results showed that breastfeeding mothers who suffered from stress in the first month were as many as 42.5%, consisting of 25% mild stress, 15% moderate stress and 2.5% severe stress. Breastfeeding in the first month was as many as 75%, carried out by mothers not sufferring stress and those suffering mild and moderate stress. The results of chi square analysis obtained ρ 0.041 which means that there was a correlation between stress levels of breastfeeding mothers in the first month. The Odds Ratio (OR) was as many as 9,33 (95% Cl= 1,38,63,20) which means that mothers who suffered from moderate-high level of stress had as many as 9,33 times of possibility not to breastfeeding in the first month. Breastfeeding mothers who did not suffer from stress and suffer mild level of stress were more likely to keep breastfeeding in the first month. INDONESIAStres pada ibu dapat menghambat pengeluaran ASI. Stres sering dialami pada bulan pertama setelah persalinan sebagai adaptasi menjalankan peran baru. Keadaan tersebut dapat membuat ibu berhenti menyusui lebih awal yang berpengaruh pada keberlangsungan pemberian ASI Eksklusif sementara ASI adalah nutrisi terbaik bagi bayi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat stres ibu menyusui dengan pemberian ASI pada bulan pertama. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional, dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tayu I. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara  sampling purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ibu menyusui pada bulan pertama yang mengalami stres sebanyak 42,5%; terdiri stres ringan 25%; stres sedang 15%; dan stres berat 2,5%. Pemberian ASI pada bulan pertama sebesar 75%, dilakukan oleh ibu yang tidak mengalami stres maupun ibu yang mengalami stres ringan dan sedang. Berdasarkan analisis chi square didapatkan ρ 0,041; yang berarti ada hubungan tingkat stres ibu menyusui dengan pemberian ASI pada bulan pertama. Odds Ratio (OR) sebesar 9,33 (95% CI=1,38, 63,20) yang berarti ibu dengan tingkat stres sedang-berat mempunyai kemungkinan 9,33 lebih besar untuk tidak memberikan ASI pada bulan pertama. Ibu menyusui yang tidak mengalami stres atau mengalami stres dalam fase ringan mempunyai kemungkinan lebih besar untuk tetap melakukan pemberian ASI pada bulan pertama.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PELAYANAN INFORMASI OBAT DAN KONSELING TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH IDAMAN BANJARBARU

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
Satrio Wibowo Rahmatullah ◽  
◽  
Ika Maulida Nurrahma ◽  
Adnan Syahrizal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Information ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Compliance to achieve treatment success can be improved by providing drug information services (PIO) and counseling to improve understanding of treatment instructions. The general objective of this study was to determine the effect of drug information service and counseling on the level of medication adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with hypertension in the Banjarbaru Regional Hospital. This study uses a quasi experimental method with a cross sectional approach and takes patient data prospectively. The results of this study indicate that the group given PIO and counseling showed a high level of adherence as many as 20 respondents (100%). Whereas in the group that was not given PIO and the counseling level of adherence was low, there were 4 respondents (20%). Based on the mann-whitney analysis p-value = 0,000 (<α = 0.05) so that there are differences in the group with PIO and counseling with groups without PIO and counseling, while the chi square analysis p-value = 0.004 (<α = 0 , 05) so that PIO and counseling have a significant effect on the level of adherence to taking medication in patients with DM with hypertension at the Banjarbaru Regional Hospital.

COMPARATIVE ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY AND PROFITABILITY OF DIFFERENT SCALES OF POULTRY-EGG PRODUCTION IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-273
Author(s):  
Solomon T. Folorunso ◽  
T. Omosebi ◽  
D. A. Agbonika
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Stochastic Production ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
The Government

The study compared the allocative efficiency and profitability of poultry-egg farmers in Jos metropolis of Plateau State, Nigeria, across different scales. To select 143 respondents, a two-stage sampling technique was used.   Using well-structured questionnaire and interview schedules, primary data on socioeconomic variables were collected. Collected data were analyzed using budgetary technique and stochastic production frontier model. Result of allocative efficiency showed the following: The mean allocative efficiency of the small, medium and large scales was 0.68, 0.12 and 0.11 respectively; the minimum allocative efficiency for small, medium and large scales was 0.30, 0.10 and 0.10 respectively. The maximum allocative efficiency was 0.59, 0.18 and 0.11 respectively for small, medium and large scale farmers. The profitability result indicated that egg production for small, medium and large-scale farms was profitable in the study area with N675, 671.79, N4, 897,236.09 and N16, 327,633.66 per farmer. The rate of return on investment per bird was found to be 19.51%, 31.21% and 83.13% respectively for small, medium and large farm sizes. For small, medium and large-scale farmers respectively, the capital turnover per bird was N 1.20, N1.31 and N1.83. Also, the profitability indices for the small, medium and large scales are N0.16, N0.24 and N0.45. The study recommends that; Farmers should be advised to increase production from small scale to large scale through policies that will promote such, special intervention is needed from the government at all levels through farmers’ cooperatives in the area of inputs subsidy, price efficiency of the farmers could

HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN KOMPUTER DENGAN KEJADIAN NYERI KEPALA TIPE TEGANG PADA PEKERJA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Suryanti Suryanti ◽  
Andi Ipaljri
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tension Headaches ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Tension Type Headaches ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In the current era of globalization, humans always interact with technological developments. One result of the development of technology is the use of computers. The use of computers that are not under the ergonomic position causes effects on health, one of them is tension-type headaches. In the United States, 1-4% of patients coming to the Emergency Care Unit complain of headache, 90% of them are tension-type headaches. The proportion of migraine and other headache syndromes in the hospital. Harapan Bunda in 2011 and RS. Camatha Sahidya in Batam in Batam was 5% and 0.7% respectively. Whereas the incidence of tension headaches in 5 puskesmas in Batam in 2014 ranged from 0.5% - 1.3%. The proportion of tension headaches at the BIP Clinic in the January-April 2018 period is 1.5%. Tension-type headaches that occur continuously can cause barriers to daily activities. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of computer use with the incidence of tension-type headaches in workers. This research uses a descriptive-analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Of 97 respondents who visited the clinical BIP that met the criteria, it was found that computer user respondents experienced tension-type headaches of 18 people (42.9%) and not tension-type headaches of 24 people (57.1%). Whereas the respondents who were not computer users experienced tension-type headaches of 10 people (18.2%), and non-tension-type headaches of 45 people (81.8%). Bivariate chi-square analysis showed that p = 0.008 (p <0.05). This means that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

scholarly journals Is Cut-Flower Industry Promotion by the Government Negatively Affecting Pollinator Biodiversity and Environmental/Human Health in Uganda?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-52
Author(s):  
Bin Mushambanyi Théodore Munyuli
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Impact

A study was conducted from 2010 to 2012 around the flower growing areas in central Uganda to generate baseline information on the status of pollinators. Primary data were gathered using a questionnaire that aimed at determining farmers and flower farm officials’ perceptions on the impact of activities carried out inside greenhouses on pollinators, human health, and on crop production in the surroundings. Results indicated that the quantity of pesticides and fertilizers applied daily varied among the different flower farms visited. Bee species richness and abundance varied significantly (P<0.01) according to flower farm location, to the landscape vegetation type, and to field types found in the surrounding of flower farms. Bee richness found around flower farms varied in number from 20 to 40 species in total across seasons and years. Bee density increased significantly with the increase in flower density. Small-scale farmers were aware of the value and importance of pollination services in their farming business. There was no clear evidence of a direct effect of agrochemicals application on bee communities living in the surrounding habitats. There is a need for further research to be conducted on human health risks and for toxicological studies on soils, plants, flowers, and bees in the farm landscape.

scholarly journals Insects and Their Products as a Potential Source of Food, Feed and Economic Security: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
S. A Dattijo
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Global Commerce ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
High Level

Due to many ways by which they are exploited, insects and their products could be a very big business. They are sold for agricultural protection, crop pollination, as well as human, livestock and pet nutrition. In addition, their products are sold for pharmaceuticals, health, and the implements for research, art works and a host of other uses. This review focused on commercialization of insects and their products with a view of sharing existing knowledge on global commerce of various insects and their products. Available literature revealed that there was an increase in demand for edible insects in the United States of America and prices were as high as $150 kg-1. Similarly, between 2010 and 2015, animal feed market in the United Kingdom grew at 3.5% annually and is currently worth £5 billion. Because of its scarcity, high demand, and recognition of its healing properties, royal jelly, one of the most sought after from bee products commands astronomical price internationally. In addition, no any other industry could generate high level of employment as sericulture, especially in rural areas where it takes 11 workdays to produce a Kg of raw silk. The contribution insects and their products can give to improve the economy of a developing country such as Nigeria is considerable, but underestimated or neglected. Insects are unlikely to make a major contribution in the near future, but the idea that they are potential source of overcoming the economic problems is not as farfetched as it seemed. Therefore, there is the need to adopt an added value approach to insects and their products and sensitize as well as encourage small-scale farmers, who are disadvantaged in international market participation due to lack of access to information, services, technology or the capacity, to produce larger volumes of quality insect products.

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