scholarly journals Assessment of Extension Officers Contribution to Cocoa Production in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1123-1128
Author(s):  
O.S. Oke ◽  
M.O. Nosiru ◽  
A.A. Ogunbela ◽  
J.T. Marizu ◽  
M.O. Lawah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

This study was carried out to evaluate the extension officer contribution to cocoa production in Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used, where two hundred and sixteen questionnaires were distributed in Osun and Ondo state , the information gathered were analyzed using descriptive statistic such as; frequency and percentage, while chi-square analysis was used to analyze the data obtained. From the results, married (77.6%),  male (84.0%), secondary school holders (52.0%), between 40-49 (34.4%) years old farmers were seen as the highest cocoa producers. Extension training(64.0%), commercial agents(64.0%), fellowship(52.8%), self observation(76.0%) were the best source of information on extension service of cocoa farming , most respondents (65.0%); get extension training programme at regular basis, identified Constraints facing cocoa production in the study area includes deficient credit facilities, high cost of labour, bad road, poor marketing/storage facilities, lack of technical knowledge / assess to technical tools and so on. in view of afore mentioned result it is therefore recommended that the government should make loan available to the cocoa famers at very low interest rate and urge cocoa farmers to form cooperative society, strengthen their agricultural extension agents so that they will be able to rain cocoa farmers on the basic things they should know about primary processing such as fermentation and drying of cocoa beans in improving the quality in Nigeria to meet international market. Keywords: Assessment, Extension officer, Contribution, Farmers, Cocoa production

scholarly journals Assessment of crop farmers coping strategies to pastoralism/nomad activities in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Kayode Samuel Obaniyi ◽  
Ayorinde Kolawole ◽  
Abiodun Ajala ◽  
Abigail Adeyonu ◽  
Adedayo Oguntade
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
The Government ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Coping

AbstractThis study examined the coping strategies of crop farmers to pastoralist activities in Odo-Otin Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 120 farmers. The data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire and interview and were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The result revealed various levels of damage caused to food security by the pastoralist as follows: compaction of soil (84%), damage and eating of the crops on the field (79%), indiscriminate bush burning leading to fire outbreak on farms (73%), stealing of farm produce by herders (73%), pollution of water points (54%), killing of farmers (13%) and others. The result further revealed the coping strategies used by crop farmers: praying for peace (98%), early harvesting (95%), early planting (92%), multiple farm plots (91%), group farming (90%), relocating farm (77%), police intervention (60%), government intervention (9%), NGO intervention (9%) and insurance (4.2%). The results of Chi-square analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the educational status (X2 = 13.06, P = 0.01) and coping strategies used against pastoralist activities. Therefore, it is recommended that the government should formulate a policy that will stimulate peace among crop farmers and pastoralist to sustain food security and reduce poverty among rural dwellers, thereby transforming the rural environment into an attractive centre.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) in Input Delivery in Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ibitunde Ibidun Olatohun ◽  
Farinde Akinloye Jimoh ◽  
Adereti Francis Oke
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The study identified the problems of access to inputs by the small-scale farmers; and analyzed the structure and operations of the Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) on input supply to small-scale farmers in Southwestern Nigeria with the view to investigate the effectiveness of GESS in South western Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed in selecting 420 GESS farmers. The interview schedule was used to collect data which were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis to test the hypothesis. Results showed that the mean age of the small-scale farmers was 49.57±10.49 years and a high level, 75.70 per cent were males. A higher percentage (55.80%) showed a high level of identified problems of access to inputs. Analysis of the structure and operations of GESS on input supply showed that GESS was structured and operated by the government among the various stakeholders using the top-down approach. Out of the nineteen GESS effectiveness indicators, none was effective at solving the problems of inputs delivery to the respondents. Chi-square analysis showed a significant association between the effectiveness of GESS and respondents' sex (χ2=46.159; p≤ 0.01). Correlation analysis showed a negative and significant relationship between the effectiveness of GESS and identified problems of access to inputs (r=-0.214, p≤0.001). It was concluded that GESS recorded a low level of effectiveness of GESS in the study area as a result of the high level of identified problems of access to agricultural inputs through GESS. The study therefore recommends that there should be better orientation for future likely programmes and a reorientation of the farmers about the GESS in which there will be more extensive sensitization and enlightenment, especially at the grassroots level, also that quantity of input supply be increased and that more inclusive participatory approach instead of top-down approach should be adopted for planning, execution and evaluation of the GESS programme.

scholarly journals Farmers' perception of the epidemic of African Swine Fever in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
K. Adebayo ◽  
O. S. Sorungbe
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Livestock diseases constitute a great threat to protein availability in Nigeria. It is thus necessary to eramine how much farmers know about some deadly diseases prevalent in their stock as it would afford the farmer a timely re-adjustment to prevent foreseeable losses. The focus of this study was to determine farmers' level of awareness of African Swine Fever (ASF) in Agege Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected with the use of a questionnaire administered to one hundred and twenty (120) respondents selected using the purposive sampling technique. Twenty seven (27) pig farms were also visited to obtain 017-farm data on pig mortality during the ASF epidemic. It was revealed that there was inadequate awareness of the early symptoms and characteristic signs of ASF among the respondents. As such mortality of about 95 percent was recorded. The Chi square analysis showed no significant relationship between farmers' level of awareness of ASF and the location of their pig farms. There was also no significant relationship between pig stock population and farmers' contact with Extension agents. The study then concluded that extension services to pig farmers are currently inadequate. It therefore recommends that it be developed to ensure institutional support in cases of epidemic disease outbreaks. More so, possible ways should be sought to ensure a steady flow of agricultural information from the research institutes and universities to the ultimate users. Preventive measures should however be taught to farmers to avoid the incidence of future disease outbreaks. Lastly, pig farmers are also advised to form associations that could serve as a pressure group in such cases of sector specific emergencies. 

HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN KOMPUTER DENGAN KEJADIAN NYERI KEPALA TIPE TEGANG PADA PEKERJA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Suryanti Suryanti ◽  
Andi Ipaljri
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tension Headaches ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Tension Type Headaches ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In the current era of globalization, humans always interact with technological developments. One result of the development of technology is the use of computers. The use of computers that are not under the ergonomic position causes effects on health, one of them is tension-type headaches. In the United States, 1-4% of patients coming to the Emergency Care Unit complain of headache, 90% of them are tension-type headaches. The proportion of migraine and other headache syndromes in the hospital. Harapan Bunda in 2011 and RS. Camatha Sahidya in Batam in Batam was 5% and 0.7% respectively. Whereas the incidence of tension headaches in 5 puskesmas in Batam in 2014 ranged from 0.5% - 1.3%. The proportion of tension headaches at the BIP Clinic in the January-April 2018 period is 1.5%. Tension-type headaches that occur continuously can cause barriers to daily activities. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of computer use with the incidence of tension-type headaches in workers. This research uses a descriptive-analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Of 97 respondents who visited the clinical BIP that met the criteria, it was found that computer user respondents experienced tension-type headaches of 18 people (42.9%) and not tension-type headaches of 24 people (57.1%). Whereas the respondents who were not computer users experienced tension-type headaches of 10 people (18.2%), and non-tension-type headaches of 45 people (81.8%). Bivariate chi-square analysis showed that p = 0.008 (p <0.05). This means that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

scholarly journals Еffect of insect infestation on the economic value of smoked fish sold in selected markets in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
A.A. Ayeloja ◽  
F.O.A. George ◽  
W.A. Jimoh ◽  
G.L. Adebisi
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Abstract. In the present study a multistage sampling technique using semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio- economic characteristics of the respondents and on economic loss of smoked fish resulting from insect pest infestation. Smoked fishes were bought from 10 markets in Oyo state, South West of Nigeria and checked in the laboratory for the insect pests. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square. Results indicated that insects at their larvae stage cause more economic loss to smoked fish than adult insects while Necrobia rufipes and Dermestes spp. are the insects found to infest the smoked fishes in this study. The insect infestation of the smoked fish leads to huge economic loss. Of all respondent groups the women dominate smoked fish business.

scholarly journals Assessment of Extension Services Delivery to Fish Farmers in South Western Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 2596-2607
Author(s):  
Apata O. M. O. M. ◽  
Toluwase S. O. W ◽  
Awoyemi A. O.
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Inability of fish farmers in Nigeria to produce at a rate that can meet the population demand has been linked to lack of access to crucial information on improved fish farming technique. Information is an indispensable factor in fish farming and it is the basis of extension service delivery. This study was designed to describe demographic characteristic of fish farmers, identify sources of various information to fish farmers and identify information access constraints faced by farmers. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select 2 States and a total of 160 respondents were selected for the study. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and Chi-Square (X2) was used for inferential statistics. Result revealed that mean age was 44.8 years, 77.5% were male, only 7.5% have no formal education and 98.1% were full time fish farmers. About 25.0% received information frequently, 50.6% rarely while 24.4% never received information from extension agents. Inadequate of extension contact was identified by 88.8% of the respondents as information access constraint. Chi-Square analysis showed significant relationship (X2 = 13.426, p = 0.016) between source of information and utilization of information.

scholarly journals The Impact of Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) on Sustainable Development Projects in Katsina Metropolis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Naseer Babangida Muazu ◽  
Abubakar Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Grass Root Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Nigeria is facing profound social, economic and environmental impact of population growth, development and environmental constraints. It is apparent that government alone has limited capacity to deal with all these problems. NGOs being one of the most effective partners have been playing supportive roles with the government, in some cases, they are considered more effective to get attached with the grass root level developmental initiatives. However, despite the role NGOs played, their presence and impact is not fully evaluated, recognized and appreciated by many governments and community members. It is for this reason this article attempts to examine whether projects executed by NGOs have any impact on sustainable development in Katsina Metropolis, given special emphasis on projects that dealt with environmental protection, poverty alleviation and health care services. The study further look at whether efficiency of NGOs officials has any impact on success of sustainable development projects execution.  A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 150 NGOs beneficiaries in five (5) selected political wards of twelve (12) in Katsina metropolis. Interviews was used to collect relevant data using a structured questionnaire from NGOs officials which include; development officers and facilitators in five (5) selected NGO offices operating in Katsina Metropolis namely; Save the Children, Service to Humanity Foundation, Murna Foundation, Katsina Friends of Environment and Makudawa Skills Acquisition. Frequency and chi-square analysis was used to present the results. The findings revealed that NGOs are complementing government efforts towards achieving sustainable development through their projects, and efficiency of NGOs officials has significant impact on success of sustainable development projects executed in the area. The findings of the study can benefit government and NGOs in creating more areas of collaboration in order to achieve sustainable development.

scholarly journals Analisis Tingkat Penerapan Manajemen Pengetahuan Dalam Membangun Organisasi Berbasis Pengetahuan (Studi Kasus PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya SE-JABODETABEK)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Raniasari Bimanti Esthi ◽  
Anggraini Sukmawati
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Calculation Analysis

<p>PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya is a company engaged in the agribusiness industry that sells a wide range of agricultural goods. The development of the agribusiness industry, particularly agricultural stores are now increasing to fiercer competition. The objectives of this research were (1) Identify the level of knowledge management at PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya, (2) Identify the level of the activities associated with knowledge management at PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya, and (3) Analyzing the perceptions of employees regarding the application of knowledge management at PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya. The data that used in this research were primary data and secondary data. Collecting the respondences was done by quota sampling technique, database examine was done by descriptive analysis, average value calculation analysis, and chi-square analysis.<br />The result of average value calculation analysis showed level implementation of knowledge management was excellent (67,01%), represented from strongly agree answered 20,75% and agree answered 46,26%. Moreover, employees said bad, represented from less agree answered 19,97% and disagree 13,02%. In this research, found at least two components which employees feel valued and still yet to be repaired, that was 1) knowledge and 2) work time. The result average value calculation showed level of activity associated with knowledge management was less good (42,78%), represented five to ten times answered 22,78% and more than ten times 20%. Moreover, employees answered never 30% and less than five times 20%. The result chi-square showed employees’ perception about knowledge management based on employee characteristics where the majority of employees agreeing with the implementation of knowledge management.</p>

scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh Pelayanan Perusahaan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan (Studi Pada Bengkel Resmi Yamaha Adhi Motor di Rembiga Mataram)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Miftah Ruli Hartanto ◽  
Sri Darwini ◽  
Lalu M. Furkan
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Consumer Loyalty ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Contingency Coefficient ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

This study aims to determine how the level of customer satisfaction, as well as to determine whether the level of customer satisfaction has a significant effect on customer loyalty at the Yamaha Adhi Motor Official Workshop in Rembiga Mataram. This type of research is descriptive research and data collection techniques used are questionnaires, interviews, observation, and documentation. This research was conducted at the Yamaha Adhi Motor Workshop in Rembiga Mataram, the data collection technique used a sample survey technique and the determination of respondents using purposive sampling technique where as many as 50 people were made respondents. The data collection tool used in this study was a questionnaire, in which the variables were analyzed qualitatively using a Likert scale and quantitatively using chi square analysis. Based on the research that has been done, it shows that consumers at the Yamaha Adhi Motor Workshop in Rembiga Mataram are 35 people (70%) who are very satisfied with the elements of service provided, 10 respondents (20%) are satisfied, and the remaining 5 people (10 %) expressed dissatisfaction. The results of the calculation with the average score of the level of consumer loyalty, as many as 21 people (42%) have a level of loyalty at the Yamaha Adhi Motor Official Workshop are very loyal, 11 people (22%) say they are loyal, while the remaining 18 people (36%) stated loyal enough. Quantitatively, to test the proposed hypothesis and analyze the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, the calculation results obtained by the X2 value is 18.25 and this value is greater than the X2 table value of 9.49 at α = 0.05 and df = 4, which proves that customer satisfaction has significant influence on the level of consumer loyalty, because X2h> X2t. Furthermore, it is also known that the level of closeness of the relationship between variables is strong, as evidenced by the contingency coefficient (C) of 0.52, which is close to the Cmaximal value of 0.71, which in fact fulfills the requirement that the C value is greater than half the C max value.

scholarly journals Socio-economic characteristics of registered cocoa farmers in Edo State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
C.O. Osarenren ◽  
J.O. Ejuetueyin ◽  
K.I. Eweka
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Cocoa Farmers

This study examined the socio-economic characteristics of registered cocoa farmers in Edo State; Nigeria. Primary data was collected using a well structured questionnaire administered to 180 registered cocoa farmers selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and budgetary technique. Results showed that 88.9% of cocoa farmers were male with a mean range of 46 years with 75% being married and 88.8% having formal education. The budgetary technique was used to determine the profitability of cocoa production, which was found to be profitable in the study area at a gross margin of N66, 350, Net Farm Income of N59, 200, and net return on investment of N 1.11.The Benefit Cost Ratio and Expense Structure Ratio of 2.11 and 0.12 respectively indicated that cocoa production was economically profitable and viable since the BCR is greater than 1 and the Gross Ratio (GR) of cocoa production is 0.47. From these profitability ratios, it shows that cocoa production is a profitable business in the study area. Inadequate finance to operate on large scale was found to be the major constraint to the cocoa farmers in the study area. The study concludes that cocoa production is profitable and was recommended that production could be improved and sustained through provision of soft loans to the farmers.Keywords: socio-economics, characteristics, registered cocoa farmers

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