scholarly journals Influence of Fermented Maize-meal Infusion on Feed Efficiency, Growth Performance and Antioxidants Status of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
A. Aliyu-A ◽  
M. Aliyu-Paiko ◽  
J. Abafi ◽  
A. Abdul-Malik ◽  
K. M. Adamu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Maize Meal

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of fermented maize-meal infusion on feed quality, growth performance and immune status of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria, between March 2017 and July 2017. Methodology: A total of 120 African catfish, Clarias gariepinus fingerlings (mean initial weight 7.43±0.24 grams) were randomly distributed into 2 groups of 3 replicates each. Each replicate contained 20 fish. Fermented feed (FF) produced using fermented maize-meal (ogi) infusion for 72 h was fed 5% body weight to a group of 60 fish (in 3 replicates) for 10 weeks, compared to fish fed control pellet containing similar ingredients but was non-fermented (NF). Proximate composition of feeds and whole fish, feed efficiency and growth performance, biochemical and antioxidant parameters in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus were evaluated. Results: The results of proximate composition of FF and NF diets were not significantly (P>0.05) different in crude protein, crude fibre, carbohydrate and moisture contents. However, fat (lipid) was significantly lower in FF diet, while the level of ash was significantly (P<0.05) higher in FF than in the NF control. Proximate composition of whole fish fed NF and FF diets are significantly similar for crude protein, crude fibre, fat and carbohydrate contents. However, ash and moisture contents were significantly higher in fish fed NF than FF. The results for feed efficiency and growth performance of African catfish fed experimental diets indicated similar feed acceptance and intake and consequently similar growth performance. The hematological indices; packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin (Hb) were observed to be significantly higher in fish fed the FF diet. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was significantly elevated in serum of fish administered the non-fermented diet while alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) indicated elevated activities in fish fed fermented diet. The chloride and potassium ions and cholesterol indicated significantly higher concentration in the serum of fish fed fermented diet. Conversely, the inorganic phosphate, calcium, total protein and triglycerides were significantly higher in the serum of fish fed the non-fermented diet. Contrastingly, the concentration of sodium ion and creatinine did not differ significantly between the fish fed the experimental diets. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly elevated in the serum of fish fed FF diet. Conclusion: Fermented diet with probiotics from maize-meal infusion improved biochemical and antioxidant parameters of Clarias gariepinus without impairing fish performance.

scholarly journals Dietary Inclusion of Fermented Parkia in Feeds as an Organic Strategy to Improve Feed Quality and Antioxidant Parameters of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Fingerlings

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
J. Abafi ◽  
M. Aliyu-Paiko ◽  
K. M. Adamu ◽  
M. A. King
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Feed Quality

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess fermented parkia infusion in feed as organic strategy to improve feed quality and immune system of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria, between 1st January 2017 and 25th March 2017. Methodology: In the present study, feed ingredients were fermented for 72 hrs with probiotic starter culture from Parkia biglobosa (TF diet) in comparison to a control diet with similar ingredients to the experimental diets but totally unfermented (CF diet) and used to make feed pellets. The experimental feeds were fed at 5% of body weight of each dietary treatment to triplicate groups of 20 fish per tank (100 Liter capacity), two times daily for 10 weeks. Proximate composition and mineral content of diets and whole fish, Feed efficiency, growth performance and Biochemical parameters of the fish were evaluated. Results: The result of proximate compositions of experimental diets revealed a significantly higher protein and ash contents in TF compared to the CF. Carbohydrate content was significantly lower in TF diet while crude fibre, moisture and fat contents were not significantly higher in CF compared to TF. The highest values of some minerals such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) were also recorded in the TF while the least was recorded in CF. The result of feed efficiency and growth performance indicated similar feed acceptance and intake between fish fed the fermented diet and the control. The activities of serum antioxidant enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in serum of fish fed TF compared to that in fish fed CF diet. Conclusion: It can be deduced from this study that the fermented diet improved the immunity of fish and does not adversely affect the growth performance.

scholarly journals Growth Performance and Feed Utilization of Clarias gariepinus (Teugels) Fed Different Dietary Levels of Soaked Bauhinia Monandra (Kutz) Seed Meal

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. Balogun ◽  
S. J. Oniye ◽  
J. Auta ◽  
C. A. M. Lakpini ◽  
F. O. Abeke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Level Of Significance

This study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of soaked <em>Bauhinia monandra</em> (Kutz) seed as alternative protein source for <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> and to determine cost of feed compounded. The proximate analysis of the diet (crude protein, crude fibre, ash, moisture content and lipid) were determined using AOAC (1980). Data for each parameter was subjected to one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) while means of various results were compared at 5% level of significance. A preliminary study was conducted to determine the best processing method that reduced anti-nutrients to the minimum level without impairing nutrients composition. Boiled, toasted and soaked seeds were used. <em>Bauhinia</em> seeds soaked for 96 hours had least concentration of anti-nutrients. The experimental diets was formulated to contain soaked <em>Bauhinia</em> seed meal (SBSM) at levels of 25%, 50% and 75% inclusion (Diets 2, 3 and 4 respectively)  with two diets acting as control (Diets 1 and 5). All diets were isonitrogenous (40% crude protein) and isocaloric (3212kcal/kg). A 12 weeks feeding trial was conducted using juveniles which were randomly distributed into 12 improvised non-recirculatory and semi-flow through indoor plastic tanks (52cm X 34cm X 33.5cm) at a stocking rate of 10 fish per tank and three (3) replicates per treatment. The experimental design was complete randomized. The fish were fed at 5% body weight, twice daily. Diets with higher inclusion levels of SBSM (diets 3 and 4) significantly depressed growth performance of fish. The variations observed in the Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Feed Efficiency Ratio (FER) and Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) were associated with the anti-nutrients present in the diets, these parameters reduced with increasing levels of SBSM in the diets of fish. Based on the relative cost of diets per unit weight gain and protein gain, diet 2 (25% SBSM) was most economical. The results suggested that SBSM can be used to substitute up to 25% levels of dietary protein in <em>C. gariepinus</em> juveniles without significant reduction in growth.

scholarly journals Effect of environmental regulated water temperature variations on survival, growth performance and haematology of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus

Our Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Johnny O. Ogunji ◽  
Jude Awoke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

A 56 day study was carried out to evaluate effect of temperature changes on survival, growth performance and haematology of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed housefly maggot meal (magmeal) diet. Ninety (90) Clarias gariepinus fingerlings, (initial mean weight 4.33±0.03g) were subjected to different environmental regulated temperature conditions in three locations (laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse). The observed average temperature was 26.53±0.01°C, 26.06±0.01°C and 31.52±0.00°C for laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse, respectively. Ten fingerlings stocked per experimental tank were fed in triplicates at 5% body weight in two portions per day. It was observed that different water temperatures affected fish growth. All experimental fish in the greenhouse died after 8 days of exposure. This happened around 14.00 hrs when water temperature reached 40°C. There was no significant difference (P<0.5) in final weight, weight gain, food conversion ratio and standard growth rate among the fish reared in the laboratory (26.53°C) and outside tanks (26.06°C), respectively. The initial carcass crude protein (Cp) value was 58.97%. At the end of the experiment fish reared in the laboratory had a crude protein value of 63.97±0.06% Cp and those reared outdoor (26.06°C) had 71.28±0.00% Cp. No significant difference in values of packed cell volume; white blood cell; haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was found between fish reared in laboratory (26.53°C) and outside (26.06°C). However, the red blood cell (RBC); mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume showed significant difference (P>0.05). The result confirms that Clarias gariepinus fingerlings reared at a mean temperature of 26°C (within the recorded optimal temperature range for good growth) performed well. Clarias gariepinus fingerlings are not able to survive when water temperature reaches to 40oC.

scholarly journals Growth performance and feed utilization of African catfish Clarias gariepinus fed a commercial diet and reared in the biofloc system enhanced with probiotic

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskandar Putra ◽  
Rusliadi Rusliadi ◽  
Muhammad Fauzi ◽  
Usman M. Tang ◽  
Zainal A. Muchlisin
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Application Frequency ◽  
Fish Tank

Background The objective of the present study was to evaluate the growth performance and feed utilization of African catfish Clarias gariepinus fed a commercial diet and reared in the biofloc system enhanced with probiotic. Methods The treatment was the frequency of probiotic application into the cultured system, namely, 5-day interval, 10-day interval, and 15-day interval for 60 days of experiment. Biofloc culture was grown in an experiment tank (vol. 2000 L) by mixing the probiotic (Bacillus sp.) 10 mL and molasses 200 mL per liter of water.  The fish was stocked into the biofloc system 7 days after cultured at stocking density of 1000 fish tank-1.  The fish was fed a commercial diet that contains 38% crude protein, twice a day at satiation. The application of probiotic was reperformed after 5 days, 10 days, and 15 days after stocking. Results The study showed that the growth performance, survival, and feed utilization of African catfish were higher in the treatment at 5-day intervals over 60 days. The ANOVA test showed that the application frequency of probiotic into biofloc system of cultured media had the significant effect on the growth performance, survival rate, and feed utilization of African catfish. Conclusion The best growth performance and feed utilization were  found at the application of probiotic into biofloc system at 5-day intervals over 60 days.

scholarly journals Growth performance and feed utilisation in Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed graded levels of melon (Citrillus lanatus) seed peel meal-supplemented die

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
S.A. Adesina ◽  
A.O. Ajibare ◽  
O.G. Ebimowei
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Melon Seed ◽  
Substitution Level ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Feed Utilisation

A fifty-six (56) day experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and feed utilization in Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed with six iso-nitrogenous diets in which oven-dried melon (Citrillus lanatus) seed peel meal (MSPM) was substituted for yellow maize at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% inclusion levels. A total of 270 fingerlings of C. gariepinus (mean weight: 7.40 ± 0.02 g) were randomly allocated into eighteen plastic bowls (50-litre capacity) at 15 fish per bowl and fed the control and experimental diets twice daily at 5% of their body weight. Proximate composition of melon seed peel meal-supplemented diets and fish carcass was determined using standard procedures. Results showed that crude protein was highest (60.75%) in fish fed diet 2 (20% MSPMsupplemented diet) and least (58.21%) in fish fed diet 4 (60% MSPM-supplemented diet). Fish fed diet 2 (20%MSPM-supplemented diet) had statistically (p < 0.05) superior values of MWG (48.27 g), SGR (1.56%/day) and FCR (0.48) beyond which growth and feed utilization indices gradually declined with increased level of MSPM inclusion. This study demonstrated that 20% substitution level of oven-dried melon seed peel meal produced the best growth and feed utilization in C. gariepinus. Keywords: Melon seed peel, Clarias gariepinus, Growth performance, Feed utilization

Effects of light matrix organics (probiotic) on the growth, feed digestibility, carcass and blood parameters of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
B.O Oben ◽  
T.D.G Tiku ◽  
P.M Oben
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Feed Digestibility

Cameroon’s fish protein consumption levels remain inadequate due to low fish production. The effects of Light Matrix Organics (LMO), a probiotic combination on the growth performance, feed digestibility, blood and carcass composition of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus were investigated. Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits on the host. A basal diet was formulated and supplemented with LMO at 0.0 ml/kg (T0) as control; 1.66 ml/kg (T1); 2.49 ml/kg (T2); 3.32 ml/kg (T3) and 4.15 ml/kg (T4) and fed to 340 Clarias gariepinus fingerlings in two blocks (with average fish weights of 1.00±0.40 g and 0.1±0.05 g respectively), for sixty (60) days in replicate plastic tanks. Fish were fed twice daily at 4% body weight. Results show that the Mean weight gain, Specific growth rate and Protein efficiency ratio were significantly highest (P<0.05) in fish fed diets supplemented with LMO at 4.15 ml/kg (T4) and lowest in T0 (control). Apparent Digestibility Coefficients (ADC) of C. gariepinus for Dry Matter% and Crude Protein% decreased significantly in the general order: T4>T3>T2>T1>T0, except for Crude Protein which was significantly higher (P<0.05) in T3 than in T4. ADC Lipid% was higher (P<0.05) in both T2 and T4 than in all other treatments while ADC Energy was highest (P<0.05) in T2. Blood parameters were significantly higher (P<0.05) in LMO supplemented diets except for haematocrit (Ht) and red blood cells (RBC). Carcass nutrients differed significantly with LMO supplemented diets producing significantly lower (P≤0.05) fat but storing more energy than fish on the control diet. Incorporating LMO in treatment T2 was significantly more (P<0.05) economically efficient than other treatments. The supplementary use of LMO at the rate of 2.49ml/kg fish feed is therefore recommended based on the high economic efficiency and above average growth performance. Key words: probotic, light matrix organics, Clarias gariepinus, growth performance, digestibility, economic efficiency.

scholarly journals Effect of Humic Substances as Feed Additive on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, and Health Condition of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2266
Author(s):  
Markéta Prokešová ◽  
Milena Bušová ◽  
Mahyar Zare ◽  
Hung Quang Tran ◽  
Eliška Kučerová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Total N ◽  
Positive Effects

In the present study, a possible nature immunostimulant and growth promoter—humic substances (HS) originating from Siberian leonardite mineraloid—were tested on juvenile Clarias gariepinus performance. Feed additive was applied onto commercial pelleted feed at four HS levels—0, 1, 3, and 6% w/w (HS0, HS1, HS3, HS6, respectively). Diets were tested in five repetitions (in total, n = 1800 individuals, mean body weight 28.1 ± 6.2 g) for 56 days. Growth and production parameters, fish condition and somatic indices, and overall mortality were evaluated after 14, 28, 42, and 56 days of exposure. Whereas, plasma samples were collected only after 0, 28, and 56 days, when fish health status was assessed with biochemical parameters (total proteins, TP; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH; cholesterol, CHOL; triglycerides, TAG) and fish antioxidant status with glutathione (reduced glutathione, GSH; oxidized glutathione, GSSG; glutathione ratio GSH/GSSG). Although a significantly positive effect of HS feed additive on growth performance was not found in the present study, moderately positive effects were found regarding biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, LDH, CHOL, and TAG) and antioxidants (GSH/GSSG ratio) that were improved especially in the HS3 group.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Temperature Dependent Variations in Proximate Parameters and Mineral Elements of Smoke-Dried Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822) using Traditional and Eco-Friendly Kilns in Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-643
Author(s):  
M.M. Ogunbambo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

Smoke-drying Clarias gariepinus (catfish) provides animal protein and a source of livelihood in Lagos, Nigeria. Changes occurring to seasonal and mineral compositions of smoke-dried catfish using local Traditional Drum Kiln (TDK) and a newly constructed Eco-Friendly Kiln (EFK) fitted with a flame, drying and electronic components was carried out in this study. The smoke-drying process was carried out in both wet and dry seasons and smoke-dried catfish samples stored at ambient and adjusted refrigerated temperatures of 28 and 4 0C. The smoke-drying procedure was  standardized at 60 - 80 0C and kiln lasted 24 ± 3 hours. Moisture content results showed a significant difference when the catfish samples were smoke-dried using TDK and EFK and stored in ambient and controlled temperatures in both wet and dry seasons while crude protein, lipid, ash and crude fibre values were significantly different when stored only in dry season. Mineral elements phosphorus, sodium, copper, magnesium and iron showed a significant difference when stored at both temperatures and seasons using both kilns. Mineral elements were found to be most stable in smoke-dried catfish samples when stored at controlled temperatures. This work proved that standardizing smoke-drying process using both kilns resulted in good quality smoke-dried catfish but showed that higher biochemical values were obtained when EFK is used. Key words: Nigeria, Smoke-drying Kilns, Seasons, Ambient, Controlled Temperatures

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