scholarly journals Effect of Time Factor on the Battery Voltage State of Charge from Foot Beats Piezoelectric System

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Godwin Chukwunonyelum Nworji ◽  
Uche V. Okpala ◽  
Ngozi Agatha Okereke ◽  
Peter Uchenna Okoye
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Unit Voltage ◽  
Lead Acid

Aim: The study examined the effect of time on amount of voltage generated in a foot beat electricity generating system stored in a battery. Study Design: A system made of piezoelectric materials was designed such that the foot beats of dancers on a platform would cause a mechanical deformation that would lead to conversion of mechanical energy due to pressure from the foot beats to electrical energy; and can be stored in a rechargeable lead acid battery for future use. Place and Duration of Study: Awka Anambra State, Nigeria, between November 2018 and April 2020. Methodology: A sheet of plywood measuring 300 mm x 300 mm x 3 mm thick was placed on a hard wooden board of 300 mm x 300 mm x 25 mm thick where twelve piezoelectric sensors were connected in series with foam spring inserted as separators and to aid in returning after deformation. As the dancers step on the platform, multimeter was used to take the voltage and current readings, while Lead acid rechargeable battery could be connected at the output point to store energy generated in the system and or Light Emitting Diodes (LED) and Universal Serial Bus (USB) outputs. A stop clock was also used to take the time. Results: The study revealed that it would require 901 seconds for a 50kg dancer to increase a unit voltage state of charge in a battery. It also found that it would require 749 seconds for a 60 kg dancer; and 595 seconds for an 80kg dancer respectively to increase the same 1-unit voltage state of charge in a battery. The study showed that the voltage in the battery would continue to increase until the battery is fully charged at which point it is expected that there would no longer be any increase in charge in the battery irrespective of increase in the number of foot beats or time. Conclusion: The result implies that the charge in battery caused by pressure from the foot beats is subject to the maximum voltage capacity of the battery in the system. Likewise, the amount of time and number of foot beats required to add a unit voltage state of charge in a battery in the system is subject to the applied pressure from the foot beats. In view of this, the study craves for popularisation of this technology through large scale research supported by government, corporate organisations or international organisations and institutions that will support new products development in the building and construction industry as it is the case in India and other developed countries.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Voltage, Current and Power Produced in a Piezoelectric System from Human Foot Beats

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Godwin Chukwunonyelum Nworji ◽  
Peter Uchenna Okoye ◽  
Uche V. Okpala ◽  
Ngozi Agatha Okereke
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Rechargeable Battery ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Human Foot ◽  
In Series ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Lead Acid

Aims: This study analysed and compared the amount of voltage, current and power generated in a piezoelectric system from human foot beats. Study Design: The study was an experimental study which made use of piezoelectric materials together with human loads (weights) from the foot beats of dancers in a dance club, and connected to a rechargeable battery and multimeter. In this system, mechanical deformation was expected to cause conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy which can be stored in a rechargeable lead acid battery for future use. Place and Duration of Study: Awka Anambra State, Nigeria, between November 2018 and February 2020. Methodology: A sheet of plywood measuring 300 mm x 300 mm x 3 mm thick was placed on a hard wooden board of 300 mm x 300 mm x 25 mm thickwhere twelve piezoelectric sensors were connected in series with foam spring inserted as separators and to aid in returning after deformation. As the dancers step on the platform, multimetr was used to take the voltage and current readings while at the output point Lead acid rechargeable battery could be connected at the output point to store energy generated in the system and orLight Emitting Diodes (LED) and Universal Serial Bus (USB) outputs. Results: The result revealed that the amount of voltage, current and power generated in the system were principally dependent on the load (weight of dancers in kg). In this case, 1 foot beat of an average 50 kg dancer generated an average of 0.555 mV and 0.063 mA respectively. Whereas, 60 kg and 80 kg dancers generated 0.668 mV and 0.838 mV respectively, and 0.081 mA and 0.087 mA respectively. It further showed that at constant number of foot beats, the amount of voltage, current and power increases as the weight of dancer increases and the lesser the weight the more number of foot beats required to generate the same quantity of electricity. In this case, 100 foot beats of a 50 kg, 60 kg and 80 kg dancer generated 55.5 mV, 66.8 mV, and 84,1 mV of voltage; 6.3 mA, 8.2 mA, and 8.8 mA of current and 349.65 mW, 544.42 mW and 740.08 mW of power respectively. Conclusion: Implicitly, this system has the potential of alleviating the problem of electricity supply and meeting of vision 2030 Sustainable Development Goals for electricity mix in Nigeria. However, it is mostly required where there are high volumes of human traffic and places that consume minimal amount of electricity, since it usually generates very small amount of energy. In view of this, there is need for a more robust research in this area and increase genuine interest in alternative and sustainable energy research by the Nigerian government.

scholarly journals Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG): Factors affecting its efficiency and applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Deepak Anand ◽  
Singh Sambyal ◽  
Rakesh Vaid
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Electrostatic Induction ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
Human Motions ◽  
Great Scope

The demand for energy is increasing tremendously with modernization of the technology and requires new sources of renewable energy. The triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are capable of harvesting ambient energy and converting it into electricity with the process of triboelectrification and electrostatic-induction. TENG can convert mechanical energy available in the form of vibrations, rotation, wind and human motions etc., into electrical energy there by developing a great scope for scavenging large scale energy. In this review paper, we have discussed various modes of operation of TENG along with the various factors contributing towards its efficiency and applications in wearable electronics.

scholarly journals Development of Smart Shoes Using Piezoelectric Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Affa Rozana Abdul Rashid ◽  
Nur Insyierah Md Sarif ◽  
Khadijah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Material ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Almost All

The consumption of low-power electronic devices has increased rapidly, where almost all applications use power electronic devices. Due to the increase in portable electronic devices’ energy consumption, the piezoelectric material is proposed as one of the alternatives of the significant alternative energy harvesters. This study aims to create a prototype of “Smart Shoes” that can generate electricity using three different designs embedded by piezoelectric materials: ceramic, polymer, and a combination of both piezoelectric materials. The basic principle for smart shoes’ prototype is based on the pressure produced from piezoelectric material converted from mechanical energy into electrical energy. The piezoelectric material was placed into the shoes’ sole, and the energy produced due to the pressure from walking, jogging, and jumping was measured. The energy generated was stored in a capacitor as piezoelectric material produced a small scale of energy harvesting. The highest energy generated was produced by ceramic piezoelectric material under jumping activity, which was 1.804 mJ. Polymer piezoelectric material produced very minimal energy, which was 55.618 mJ. The combination of both piezoelectric materials produced energy, which was 1.805 mJ from jumping activity.

scholarly journals Application of Multiphysical Domain Modeling in Electrical System Simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Cao Zheng ◽  
Zhou Yuanjun ◽  
Wang Na ◽  
Salvatore Strano
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Domain Modeling ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Domain Models

The energy structure change of more electric aircraft makes the aircraft airborne system more complicated. Each subsystem realizes the transmission, interaction, and conversion of energy and information through the dynamic coupling and coordinated control of electrical energy, mechanical energy, hydraulic energy, and thermal energy. This paper applies the multiphysical domain modeling method with the parameter identification according to the original model data. Based on the power conversion relationship of electrical equipment, it defines the port with the power potential variable and flow variable and is supplemented by the information control. It can show the dynamic characteristics, power conversion, and loss characteristics of the device itself. The models can conveniently perform the large-scale system integration, which not only can build the complex electrical equipment formed by multiphysical domain models with the series connection but also can build a complex power supply system formed by multiphysical domain models with the parallel connection.

Piezoelectricity in two-dimensional aluminum, boron and Janus aluminum-boron monochalcogenide monolayers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Choopani ◽  
Mustafa Menderes Alyoruk
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Phonon Dispersion ◽  
Electronic Band Structure ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Electronic Band ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Abstract Piezoelectricity is a property of a material that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy or vice versa. It is known that group-III monochalcogenides, including GaS, GaSe, and InSe, show piezoelectricity in their monolayer form. Piezoelectric coefficients of these monolayers are the same order of magnitude as the previously discovered two-dimensional (2D) piezoelectric materials such as boron nitride (BN) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayers. Considering a series of monolayer monochalcogenide structures including boron and aluminum (MX, M =B, Al, X = O, S, Se, Te), we design a series of derivative Janus structures (AlBX2, X = O, S, Se, Te). Ab-initio density functional theory (DFT) and density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) calculations are carried out systematically to predict their structural, electronic, electromechanical and phonon dispersion properties. The electronic band structure analysis indicate that all these 2D materials are semiconductors. The absence of imaginary phonon frequencies in phonon dispersion curves demonstrate that the systems are dynamically stable. In addition, this study shows that these materials exhibit outstanding piezoelectric properties. For AlBO2 monolayer with the relaxed-ion piezoelectric coefficients, d11=15.89(15.87) pm/V and d31=0.52(0.44) pm/V, the strongest piezoelectric properties were obtained. It has large in-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectric coefficients that are comparable to or larger than those of previously reported non-Janus monolayer structures such as MoS2 and GaSe, and also Janus monolayer structures including: In2SSe, Te2Se, MoSeTe, InSeO, SbTeI, and ZrSTe. These results, together with the fact that a lot of similar 2D systems have been synthesized so far, demonstrate the great potential of these materials in nanoscale electromechanical applications.

Control of Structural Vibration Using Shunt Piezoelectric Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 303-306 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Qi Bo Mao
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Structural Vibration ◽  
Switching Circuit ◽  
Structural Vibration Control ◽  
Pulse Switching ◽  
Piezoelectric Patch ◽  
Base Structure ◽  
Shunt Circuit

In this study, structural vibration control using semi-active shunt piezoelectric damping circuits is presented. A piezoelectric patch with an electrical shunt circuit is bonded to a base structure. When the structure vibrates, the piezoelectric patch strains and transforms the mechanical energy of the structure into electrical energy, which can be effectively dissipated by the shunt circuit. Hence, the shunt circuit acts as a means of extracting mechanical energy from the base structure. In this study, a pulse-switching circuit is imposed as the semi-active shunt piezoelectric damping to reduce the structural vibration. The switch-law for the pulse-switching circuit is discussed in detail, and the detailed numerical calculations are given and discussed. It is found that the pulse-switching circuit is more stable than passive piezoelectric circuit (such as RL series circuit) with regard to structural stiffness variations.

Recent advances in flexible PVDF based piezoelectric polymer devices for energy harvesting applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2096605
Author(s):  
Sunija Sukumaran ◽  
Samir Chatbouri ◽  
Didier Rouxel ◽  
Etienne Tisserand ◽  
Frédéric Thiebaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Research Activities

Energy harvesting is one of the most promising research areas to produce sustainable power sources from the ambient environment. Which found applications to attain the extensive lifetime self-powered operations of various devices such as MEMS wireless sensors, medical implants and wearable electronic devices. Piezoelectric nanogenerators can efficiently convert the vastly available mechanical energy into electrical energy to meet the requirements of low-powered electronic devices. Among the piezoelectric materials, poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers are extensively studied for the development of energy harvesting devices. Due to the outstanding properties such as high flexibility, ease of processing, long-term stability, biocompatibility makes them a promising candidate for piezoelectric generators. Nevertheless, compared to piezoceramic materials, PVDF based generators produce lower piezoresponse. Over the last decades, tremendous research activities have been reported to endorse the performance of PVDF based energy harvesters. This review article mainly focused on the recent progress in the performance improvement with processing methods, piezoelectric materials, different filler loading. The new developments and design structures will lead to an increase in piezoelectricity, alignment of dipoles, dielectric properties and subsequently enhance the output performance of the device. Electronic circuits play a vital role in energy harvesting to efficiently collect the developed charge from the device. Here, we have proposed a detailed description of the electronic circuits. Also, in the application part deals with the recent progress in flexible, biomedical and hybrid generators based on PVDF polymers.

Electrical Energy from Vibration of a Washing Machine

2014 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 349-353
Author(s):  
Bambang Daryanto Wonoyudo ◽  
Theduard Febrawi
Keyword(s):  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Dynamic Strain ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Direct Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Type Transducer

Piezoelectric materials can produce electricity when they are subjected to dynamic strain. In this paper, the development of a mechanism using a piezoelectric element for harvesting energy from a washing machine is reported. The device was in the form of a cantilever type transducer, using simple components. The main aim of the work is to give a practical implementation of the conversion of mechanical energy by using direct piezoelectric effect. Experimental results showed that, in average, the operation of the washing machine could generate 1.87 mV for a stainless steel cantilever beam and 1.46 mV for an aluminum cantilever beam.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Nanogenerators based on Pvdf-Hfp/Zno Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposites for Self-Powering Devices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Abdulgader Abdul-kareem ◽  
Noura AlSanari ◽  
Amal Daifallah ◽  
Radwa Mohamed ◽  
Jolly Bhadra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources

Due to the rising global concern over energy catastrophe and environmental issues, attention has been diverted towards future energy. In recent times, rechargeable power and renewable energy sources have been considered as an attractive substitute for resolving the future environmental problems. Among them, mechanical energy is one of the most abundant energy sources, and easily transformable to other useful energy forms, such as electrical energy. For such purposes, piezoelectric materials with ability to convert the mechanical energy generated by various activities into electrical energy. In this research work, we have investigated the morphology, structure and piezoelectric performances of neat polyvinylidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), PVDF-HFP/ZnO, PVDFHFP/ Mesoporous silica, PVDF-HFP 1% and PVDF-HFP 3% ZnO-Mesoporous silica nanofibers, fabricated by electrospinning. Both SEM and TEM images of ZnO nanoparticles shows formation of uniform flake of about 5nm diameter and Mesoporous silica shows uniform spherical morphology with average diameter of 5 μm. EDX plot justifies the presences of Zn, O and Si. An increase in the amount of crystalline β-phase of PVDF-HFP has been observed with the introduction of ZnO and mesoporous silica in the PVDF-HFP matrix are observed in FTIR spectra. All the XRD peaks observed in neat PVDF has the strongest intensity compared to rest of the other XRD peaks of polymer nanocomposite. The XRD spectra of all the nanocomposites have peaks at 17.8°, 18.6° correspond to α- crystalline phase, the peaks observed at 19°, 20.1° correspond to the γ- crystalline phase, and the peak at 20.6° corresponds to the β- crystalline phase. The flexible nanogenerator manipulated from the polymer nanocomposite with 1% ZnO-Mesoporous silica exhibits an output voltage as high as 2 V compared with the neat PVDF-HFP sample (~120 mV). These results indicate that the investigated nanocomposite is appropriate for fabricating various flexible and wearable self-powered electrical devices and systems.

Energy Harvesting From Smart Materials

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan S. Hosking ◽  
Zahra Sotoudeh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Smart Structure ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Beam Equations ◽  
Variational Asymptotic ◽  
Fully Coupled

In this paper, we study fully coupled electromagnetic-elastic behaviors present in the structures of smart beams using variational asymptotic beam sections and geometrically exact fully intrinsic beam equations. We present results for energy harvesting from smart beams under various oscillatory loads in both the axial and transverse directions and calculate the corresponding deformations. The magnitude of these loads are varied to show the generalized trends produced by piezoelectric materials. Smart materials change mechanical energy to electrical energy; therefore, changing the structural dynamic behavior of the structure and its stiffness matrix. A smart structure can be designed to undergo larger loads without changing the surface area of the cross-section.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document