scholarly journals IoT and ICT based Smart Water Management, Monitoring and Controlling System: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Hajar Maseeh Yasin ◽  
Subhi R. M. Zeebaree ◽  
Mohammed A. M. Sadeeq ◽  
Siddeeq Y. Ameen ◽  
Ibrahim Mahmood Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Smart Water ◽  
System A ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Human Need

Water is a basic human need in all economic operations. Farmland, renewable energy, the industrial industry, and mining are all critical economic areas. Water supplies are under severe strain. With the population increase, the requirement for water from competing economic sectors is increased. So, there is not enough water left to meet human needs and maintain environmental flows that maintain the integrity of our ecosystems. Underground water is becoming depleted in many sectors, making now and future generations near the point of being deprived of protection from the increasing climate variability. Therefore, the critical role that information technology methods and internet communication technologies (ICT) play in water resources managing to limit the excessive waste of fresh water and to control and monitor water pollution. In this paper, we have to review research that uses the internet of things (IoT) as a communication technology that controls the preservation of the available amount of water and not wastes it by homeowners and farmers. In contrast, they use water, and we have also reviewed some researches that preserve water quality and reduce its pollution.

scholarly journals Socio-hydrology and the science–policy interface: a case study of the Saskatchewan River basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1413-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gober ◽  
H. S. Wheater
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
Human Needs

Abstract. While there is a popular perception that Canada is a water-rich country, the Saskatchewan River basin (SRB) in Western Canada exemplifies the multiple threats to water security seen worldwide. It is Canada's major food-producing region and home to globally significant natural resource development. The SRB faces current water challenges stemming from (1) a series of extreme events, including major flood and drought events since the turn of the 21st century, (2) full allocation of existing water resources in parts of the basin, (3) rapid population growth and economic development, (4) increasing pollution, and (5) fragmented and overlapping governance that includes the provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, various Federal and First Nations responsibilities, and international boundaries. The interplay of these factors has increased competition for water across economic sectors and among provinces, between upstream and downstream users, between environmental flows and human needs, and among people who hold different values about the meaning, ownership, and use of water. These current challenges are set in a context of significant environmental and societal change, including widespread land modification, rapid urbanization, resource exploitation, climate warming, and deep uncertainties about future water supplies. We use Sivapalan et al.'s (2012) framework of socio-hydrology to argue that the SRB's water security challenges are symptoms of dynamic and complex water systems approaching critical thresholds and tipping points. To Sivapalan et al.'s (2012) emphasis on water cycle dynamics, we add the need for governance mechanisms to manage emergent systems and translational science to link science and policy to the socio-hydrology agenda.

scholarly journals Socio-hydrology and the science-policy interface: a case study of the Saskatchewan River Basin

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 6669-6693 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gober ◽  
H. S. Wheater
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Human Needs

Abstract. While there is popular perception that Canada is a water-rich country, the Saskatchewan River Basin (SRB) in Western Canada exemplifies the multiple threats to water security seen worldwide. It is Canada's major food-producing region and home to globally-significant natural resource development. The SRB faces current water challenges stemming from: (1) a series of extreme events, including major flood and drought events, since the turn of the 21st century, (2) full allocation of existing water resources in parts of the Basin, (3) rapid population growth and economic development, (4) increasing pollution, and (5) fragmented governance that includes the Provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, various Federal and First Nations responsibilities, and international boundaries. The interplay of these factors has increased competition for increasingly scarce water resources across economic sectors and among provinces, between upstream and downstream users, between environmental flows and human needs, and among people who hold different values about the meaning, ownership, and use of water. These current challenges are set in a context of significant environmental and societal change, including widespread land modification, climate warming, and deep uncertainties about future water supplies. We outline the geographic setting of the SRB and its environmental history, and then discuss the major challenges to water security from: (1) environmental change, (2) rapid growth and economic development, and most importantly, (3) a governance model unsuited to managing complex and uncertain water systems. We conclude with a discussion of the emerging field of socio-hydrology and what it can contribute to knowledge translation, water management, policy, and governance in the SRB and worldwide.

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PERAWAT PRAKTIK ATAS TINDAKAN PELAYANAN GAWAT DAN DARURAT PADA MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN DI DESA SUSUKAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Indra Yuliawan ◽  
Adhi Budi Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Science ◽  
The Public ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

<p class="Default">Tenaga kesehatan banyak mendapatkan sorotan dari masyarakat, karena kesehatan merupakan kebutuhan pokok manusia dan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) ditentukan dua faktor yang saling berhubungan yakni pendidikan dan kesehatan. Kesehatan merupakan prasyarat utama agar upaya pendidikan berhasil, sebaliknya pendidikan yang diperoleh akan sangat mendukung tercapainya peningkatan status kesehatan seseorang. Sorotan masyarakat terhadap profesi tenaga kesehatan merupakan suatu kewajaran karena pelayanan kesehatan merupakan kebutuhan yang tidak bisa ditunda dan diabaikan.</p><p class="Default">Profesionalitas profesi kesehatan menjadi harga mati yang tidak boleh ditawar oleh siapapun, karena berhubungan dengan kebutuhan pokok manusia. Tenaga kesehatan terutama perawat dan  bidan sebagai profesi mempunyai tanggung jawab pokok pelayanan kesehatan. Perawat dan bidan  bertanggung jawab dalam bidang kesehatan secara preventif dan  harus mampu menangani berbagai macam pelayanan kesehatan bahkan pelayanan yang memerlukan tindakan darurat, dan melakukan rujukan yang cepat dan tepat.</p><p class="Default">Sebagai Subjek hukum keperanan perawat wajib dilindungi secara hukum. Perlindungan tersebut diperlukan manakala penanganan pertama yang dilakukan perawat dan bidan tidak dapat menyelamat nyawa seseorang dan kemudian ada kekecewaan dalam diri keluarga sang pasien terhadap tindakan bidan atau perawat tersebut. </p><p>Perawat yang mempunyai latar belakang ilmu kesehatan menjadi tujuan masyarakat bilamana ada anggota masyarakat sedang sakit, terlebih lagi jika tidak ada dokter di sekitarnya. Dalam kondisi seseorang sakit tentunya perawat tidak dapat menolak untuk membantu menyembuhkan bahkan menyelamatkan terlebih lagi dalam kondisi gawat bahkan darurat. </p><p>Health workers get a lot of attention from the public, because health is a basic human need and the quality of human resources (HR) determined two interrelated factors of education and health. Health is a major prerequisite for educational efforts to succeed, otherwise education will greatly support the achievement of improving one's health status. The public's spotlight on the health professional profession is a fairness because health care is a necessity that can not be postponed and ignored.</p><p>Professionalism of the health profession becomes a fixed price that no one can bargain for, because it deals with human needs. Health workers, especially nurses and midwives as professions have primary responsibility for health services. Nurses and midwives are in charge of health in a preventive manner and should be able to handle a wide range of health services and even services that require emergency measures, and make quick and precise referrals.</p><p>As the subject of nurses' law of nurses shall be protected by law. Such protection is necessary when the first handling of the nurse and midwife can not save a person's life and then there is disappointment in the patient's family for the actions of the midwife or nurse.</p><p>Nurses who have a health science background become a community goal when there are members of the community are sick, especially if there is no doctor around. In the condition of someone sick of course nurses can not refuse to help heal even rescue even more in emergency conditions even emergency.</p>

scholarly journals Understanding Uighur Terrorism: The Human Needs Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Derek McGrath ◽  
Jonathan Matusitz
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
Human Need ◽  
The Media ◽  
Basic Human Needs ◽  
Needs Theory

This paper applies the Human Needs Theory to Uighur terrorism. The theory posits that people become violent when their basic human needs are unfulfilled, denied, or taken away from them. Also referred to as the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM), Uighur terrorists are a minority group of Muslim extremists in the western Chinese Autonomous Region of Xinjiang. Until the mid-1700s, they were considered a peaceful group, but when they lost their autonomy during the Qing dynasty rule (until 1910), and faced oppression by their new government, they resorted to violence. In this case, the Uighurs’ human need “stolen” by the Chinese was their identity. Not only is the Uighur issue underrepresented in the media; it has also received such negligible attention that most governments and scholars believe that the Autonomous Region of Xinjiang is mostly occupied by terrorists.

scholarly journals An Analysis of The Motivation Reflected By The Main Characters In The Movie “42” And Its Personality Influence

DEIKSIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Dewi Mutiara Indah Ayu
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

<p>The aim of the research is to find out how motivation is reflected by the main characters in the movie “42”, the effort that Jackie and Rickey make in order to fulfill the needs and to analyze the influence of personality on motivation of the main characters. The writer uses qualitative descriptive research in observing the motivation of the main characters of the Movie “42”. The writer limited the data which are classified them into different level needs based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Need theory. However, the writer sees that the main characters had different level of needs structure as their salient. Such as : As for Jackie, the writer found that from 5 level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs, there were 2 salient needs; the belongingness and love needs, and the self-esteem need. As for Rickey, there was just 1 need he had to fulfill; the self-actualization need. The writer also noticed the process to fulfill the needs from one level needs to the higher one was not always in a hundred percent to be fulfilled, otherwise the lower need could partly fulfilled so we could go to the higher one as motivation.  <br /> <br />Key words: Motivation, Personality, Racism, Hierarchy of Human Needs</p>

A guaranteed deterministic approach to margining on exchange-traded derivatives market: Numerical experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Sergey Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Deterministic Approach ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
System A ◽  
Lipschitz Constants ◽  
Isaacs Equations ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The article discusses a modern approach to risk management of the central counterparty,primarily the issue of the sufficiency of its financial resources, including the provision of clearingmembers, the capital of the central counterparty and the mutual liability fund. The main subject is the margining system, responsible for an adequate level of collateral for clearing members, that plays critical role in risk management, being the vanguard in protecting against losses associated with default by clearing members and the most sensitive to market risk part of the central counterparty’s skin of the game. A system of margining a portfolio of options and futures in the derivatives market is described, with default management based on the methodology proposed by a number of inventors, registered in 2004. For this system, a mathematical model of margining (i.e. determining the required level of the collateral) is built, based on the ideology of a guaranteed deterministic approach to superhedging: Bellman–Isaacs equations are derived from the economic meaning of the problem. A form of these equations, convenient for calculations, is obtained. Lipschitz constants for the solutions of Bellman–Isaacs equations are estimated. A computational framework for efficient numerical solution of these equations is created. Numerical experiments are carried out on some model examples to demonstrate the efficiency of the system. These experiments also show practical implications of marginsubadditivity — a crucial property of the mathematical model.

Basic Goods

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Reinert
Keyword(s):  
Clean Water ◽  
Education Services ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Security Services ◽  
Basic Goods ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Subsistence Rights

This chapter describes the basic goods approach to global policy priorities. It reviews the treatment of human need in political philosophy, economics, and social policy and defines basic goods as those goods and services that meet objective human needs. The chapter identifies a set of basic goods that includes nutritious food, clean water, sanitation, health services, education services, housing, electricity, and human security services. It gives a sense of the magnitudes of deprivations for each of these basic goods. The chapter goes on to link the basic goods approach to minimalist ethics and subsistence rights, to assess the role of basic goods provision in growth processes, and to assess general approaches to basic goods provision.

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