scholarly journals Bioactive Building Blocks and Potential Pharmacological Perspectives of Green Coffee: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-93
Author(s):  
Namrata Kundu ◽  
Gaurav Pant
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Excessive Consumption ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Multiple Health

Coffee is known to be one of the popular beverages today on the globe. Due to its easy availability and preparation, it is consumed by the population of almost all countries. This wonder crop was discovered in the 6th century in Ethiopia. Since then, people have also used various brewing methods to extract hundreds of the bioactive compounds present in these aromatic seeds. No doubt, excessive consumption of the same can be harmful too. As a functional food, coffee is known to have multiple health benefits. Coffee beans contain vitamins, minerals, caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and various other biologically active ingredients. This review briefly describes the major biologically active compounds present in these seeds – caffeine, trigonelline, diterpenes, and chlorogenic acid (CGA). It also aims to describe various bioactive activities such as antioxidant, antiproliferative, antibacterial, antiviral, etc., against variable hallmarks. Thus, explaining different pharmacological effects for the welfare of the human population.

scholarly journals The effect of coffee beans roasting on its chemical composition

10.5219/1062 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 344-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Diviš ◽  
Jaromír Pořízka ◽  
Jakub Kříkala
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Aroma Characteristics ◽  
Phenolic Substances ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Coffee Cultivation

Drinking coffee has become part of our everyday culture. Coffee cultivation is devoted to over 50 countries in the world, located between latitudes 25 degrees North and 30 degrees South. Almost all of the world's coffee production is provided by two varieties, called ‘Arabica’ and ‘Robusta’ whereas the share of Arabica is 70% of the world's coffee harvest. Green (raw) coffee can not be used to prepare coffee beverages, coffee beans must first be roasted. Roasting coffee and reaching a certain degree of coffee roasting determine its flavor and aroma characteristics. In the present study the fate of sucrose, chlorogenic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, lactic acid, caffeic acid, total phenolic compounds and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was studied in coffee (Brazil Cerrado Dulce, 100% Arabica) roasted in two ways (Medium roast and Full city roast). It has been found that almost all sucrose has been degraded (96 – 98%) in both roasting ways. During Medium roast 65% of chlorogenic acid contained in green coffee was degraded while during Full city roast it was 85%. During both Medium and Full city roasting, the formation of acetic acid but especially formic and lactic acid was recorded. The highest concentration of organic acids was recorded at Full City roasting at medium roasting times (3.3 mg.g-1 d.w. acetic acid, 1.79 mg.g-1 d.w. formic  acid, 0.65 mg.g-1d.w. lactic acid). The amount of phenolic substances also increased during roasting up to 16.7 mg.g-1 d.w. of gallic acid equivalent. Highest concentrations of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural were measured at medium roasting times at both Medium (0.357 mg.g-1 d.w.) and French city (0.597 mg.g-1 d.w.) roasting temperatures. At the end of roasting, the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural concentration in coffee were 0.237 mg.g-1 d.w. (Medium roast) and 0.095 mg.g-1 d.w. (Full city roast).

EVALUATION OF THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF BAKERY MIXES AND GRAIN BREAD ON THEIR BASIS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Н. АЛЕХИНА ◽  
Е.И. ПОНОМАРЕВА ◽  
И.М. ЖАРКОВА ◽  
К.К. ПОЛЯНСКИЙ ◽  
А.С. ЖЕЛТИКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Dietary Fibers ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Amaranth Flour ◽  
Active Substances

Проведена сравнительная оценка хлебопекарных смесей (ХПС) Ливенка и Амарантус, включающих биоактивированное зерно пшеницы и ржи и биоактивированные злаковые культуры и амарантовую муку соответственно, и хлеба на их основе. Исследованы химический состав, биологическая и энергетическая ценность ХПС и выпеченных на их основе образцов зернового хлеба Ливенский и Амарантус. Установлено, что ХПС Амарантус и хлеб Амарантус отличаются несколько большим содержанием белка, кальция, лизина по сравнению с ХПС Ливенка и хлебом Ливенский. Однако по количеству пищевых волокон и витаминов ХПС с амарантовой мукой и изделия на ее основе несколько уступают образцам, приготовленным без добавки амарантовой муки. Внесение амарантовой муки в дозировке 5,5% взамен части ржаной муки незначительно повышает энергетическую и биологическую ценность ХПС и хлеба на ее основе. Установлено, что ХПС Ливенка и Амарантус относятся к функциональным пищевым ингредиентам за счет содержания значимого количества биологически активных веществ, а изделия на их основе – к функциональным пищевым продуктам. Comparative evaluation of baking mixes (BM) of Livenka and Amarantus, including bioactivated grains of wheat and rye and bioactivated cereals and amaranth flour, respectively, and bread on their basis was carried out. Chemical composition, biological and energy value of BM and baked on their basis samples of grain bread Livenskiy and Amarantus were investigated. It is established that the BM Amarantus and bread Amarantus are slightly high content of protein, calcium, lysine, compared with BM Livenka and bread Livenskiy. However, the number of dietary fibers and vitamins BM with amaranth flour and products on it based are concede to samples a little prepared without the addition of amaranth flour. The introduction of amaranth flour in a dosage of 5,5% instead of a portion of rye flour slightly increases the energy and biological value of BM and bread on it based. It was found that the BM Livenka and Amarantus are functional food ingredients due to the content of a significant amount of biologically active substances, and products on their based – to functional foods.

scholarly journals Cellulose recycling as a source of raw chirality

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 1683-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Corne ◽  
María Celeste Botta ◽  
Enrique D. V. Giordano ◽  
Germán F. Giri ◽  
David F. Llompart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chiral Auxiliaries ◽  
High Chemical ◽  
Chiral Structure

Modern organic chemistry requires easily obtainable chiral building blocks that show high chemical versatility for their application in the synthesis of enantiopure compounds. Biomass has been demonstrated to be a widely available raw material that represents the only abundant source of renewable organic carbon. Through the pyrolitic conversion of cellulose or cellulose-containing materials it is possible to produce levoglucosenone, a highly functionalized chiral structure. This compound has been innovatively used as a template for the synthesis of key intermediates of biologically active products and for the preparation of chiral auxiliaries, catalysts, and organocatalysts for their application in asymmetric synthesis.

scholarly journals Cyclic cis-1,3-Diamines Derived from Bicyclic Hydrazines: Synthesis and Applications

Synlett ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Benedetti ◽  
Laurent Micouin ◽  
Claire Fleurisson
Keyword(s):  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Chemical Similarity ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Biological Interest ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Rna Binders

AbstractCyclic cis-1,3-diamines are versatile building blocks frequently found in natural molecules or biologically active compounds. In comparison with widely studied 1,2-diamines, and despite their chemical similarity, 1,3-diamines have been investigated less intensively probably because of a lack of general synthetic procedures giving access to these compounds with good levels of chemo-, regio-, and stereocontrol. In this Account we will give a general overview of the biological interest of cyclic cis-1,3-diamines. We will then describe the synthesis and potential applications of these compounds with a particular focus on the work realized in our laboratory.1 Introduction2 Biological Relevance of the cis-1,3-Diamine Motif3 Classical Synthetic Strategies towards cis-1,3-Diamines4 N–N Bond Cleavage of Bicyclic Hydrazines: A Versatile Method to Access cis-1,3-Diamines4.1 Preparation of Five-Membered Cyclic cis-1,3-Diamino Alcohols4.2 Access to Fluorinated 1,3-cis-Diaminocyclopentanes4.3 Synthesis of cis-1,3-Diaminocyclohexitols4.4 Formation of Cyclic cis-3,5-Diaminopiperidines5 Applications of Cyclic cis-1,3-Diamines5.1 Small-Molecular RNA Binders5.2 Fluorinated 1,3-Diamino Cyclopentanes as NMR Probes6 Concluding Remarks

scholarly journals The basic characteristics of extracellular vesicles and their potential application in bone sarcomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenglong Li
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Bone Sarcoma ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Bone Sarcomas ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sarcoma Cells

AbstractBone sarcomas are rare cancers accompanied by metastatic disease, mainly including osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane vesicles released by cells in the extracellular matrix, which carry important signal molecules, can stably and widely present in various body fluids, such as plasma, saliva and scalp fluid, spinal cord, breast milk, and urine liquid. EVs can transport almost all types of biologically active molecules (DNA, mRNA, microRNA (miRNA), proteins, metabolites, and even pharmacological compounds). In this review, we summarized the basic biological characteristics of EVs and focused on their application in bone sarcomas. EVs can be use as biomarker vehicles for diagnosis and prognosis in bone sarcomas. The role of EVs in bone sarcoma has been analyzed point-by-point. In the microenvironment of bone sarcoma, bone sarcoma cells, mesenchymal stem cells, immune cells, fibroblasts, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and endothelial cells coexist and interact with each other. EVs play an important role in the communication between cells. Based on multiple functions in bone sarcoma, this review provides new ideas for the discovery of new therapeutic targets and new diagnostic analysis.

scholarly journals THE CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE POLYPHENOLS LONICERA CAERULEA SUBSP. PALLASII IN NATU-RAL CONDITIONS AND THE INTRODUCTION

2017 ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ирина (Irina) Георгиевна (Georgievna) Боярских (Boyarskikh) ◽  
Владимир (Vladimir) Геннадьевич (Gennad'evich) Васильев (Vasiliev) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'jana) Абдулхаиловна (Abdulhailovna) Кукушкина (Kukushkina)
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
West Siberian Plain ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Lonicera Caerulea

The purpose of this paper was a comparative to study population variability of individual and group composition of biologically active phenol compounds in leaves of Lonicera caerulea subsp. pallasii (Ledeb.) Browic. in natural population of south taiga subzone of West-Siberian plain, Altai Mauntains and in conditions of introduction in the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Priobye. Chlorogenic acid and its isomers neochlorogenic acid and dicaffeoyl quinic acid, glycozides of luteolin, apigenin and quercetin, apigenin and luteolin in leaf extracts of L. caerulea subsp. pallasii was identified by HPLC-MS. The quantitative variations content of compounds (classes of biologically active polyphenols and their individual components) depending on vegetation conditions have been explored using HPLC. The major components of L. caerulea subsp. pallasii leaves are rutinoside quercetin, chlorogenic acid and dicaffeoyl quinic acid. The content and ratio of the major phenolic compounds and the composition of their minor components varied depending on the location and conditions of plant growth. The content of derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonols increased significantly in response to changes in habitat conditions in natural populations and in the introduction into the forest-steppe zone. The flavones are the least variable compounds in plant leaves. The results can be useful in elaboration of practical recommendations for picking medicinal and food plants in different vegetation conditions

scholarly journals DIPG-07. HIGH THROUGHPUT DRUG SCREENING IDENTIFIES POTENTIAL NEW THERAPIES FOR DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMAS (DIPGs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii288-iii288
Author(s):  
Dannielle Upton ◽  
Santosh Valvi ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Nicole Yeung ◽  
Sandra George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Orthotopic Model ◽  
High Throughput Drug Screening ◽  
Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas ◽  
Almost All

Abstract DIPGs are the most devastating of all brain tumors. There are no effective treatments, hence almost all children will die of their tumor within 12 months. There is an urgent need for novel effective therapies for this aggressive tumor. We performed a high-throughput drug screen with over 3,500 biologically active, clinically approved compounds against a panel of neurosphere-forming DIPG cells. We identified 7 compounds- auranofin, fenretinide, ivermectin, lanatoside, parthenolide, SAHA and mefloquine- that were confirmed to have potent anti-tumor activity against a panel of DIPG-neurospheres, with minimal effect on normal cells. Using cytotoxicity and clonogenic assays, we found that these drugs were able to inhibit DIPG-neurosphere proliferation and colony formation in-vitro. To determine whether the in-vitro efficacy could be replicated in-vivo, we tested the activity of each of these compounds in an orthotopic DIPG model. Of the agents tested, fenretinide and SAHA were the most active anti-tumor agents, significantly enhancing the survival of tumor bearing animals. Mechanistic studies showed fenretinide enhancing apoptotic cell death of DIPG cells via inhibition of PDGFRa transcription and downregulation of the PI3K/AKT/MTOR pathway. We therefore examined the therapeutic efficacy of fenretinide using a second orthotopic model with PDGFRa amplification. We used two different Fenretinide formulations (LYM-X-Sorb and NanoMicelle) which were found to enhance survival. Fenretinide is clinically available with safety data in children. Validation of the activity of Fenretinide in PDGFRa-amplified or overexpressed DIPGs will lead to the development of a clinical trial, allowing the advancement of fenretinide as potentially the first active therapy for DIPG.

Scope and limitations of principal component analysis of high resolution LC-TOF-MS data: the analysis of the chlorogenic acid fraction in green coffee beans as a case study

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Kuhnert ◽  
Rakesh Jaiswal ◽  
Pinkie Eravuchira ◽  
Rasha M. El-Abassy ◽  
Bernd von der Kammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Acid Fraction ◽  
Green Coffee Beans ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Tof Ms

MAIN DIRECTIONS OF CREATION OF FUNCTIONAL FOOD PRODUCTS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. ПЕТРЕНКО ◽  
В.В. ИЛЛАРИОНОВА
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Health Performance ◽  
Nutritional Factor ◽  
Natural Components ◽  
Active Substances

Рассмотрен фактор питания как оказывающая влияние составляющая на здоровье, работоспособность, устойчивость организма человека к воздействию экологически вредных производств и сред обитания. Отмечена проблема увеличения заболеваний, связанных с разбалансированным питанием и пищевой аллергией, особенно среди лиц не достигших 30 лет. Показана перспективность придания функциональных свойств пищевым продуктам посредством модификации естественных компонентов, обогащения биологически активными веществами, удаления нежелательных ингредиентов. The nutritional factor is considered as an influencing component on the health, performance, and resistance of the human body to the effects of environmentally harmful industries and habitats. The problem of growing diseases associated with unbalanced nutrition and food allergies, especially among people under the age of 30, has been noted. The prospects of giving functional properties to food products through modification of natural components, enrichment with the biologically active substances, remove of undesirable ingredients are shown.

scholarly journals Phosphonate reagents and building blocks in the synthesis of bioactive compounds, natural products and medicines

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Mikołajczyk
Keyword(s):  
Building Block ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Type I ◽  
Antiulcer Drug ◽  
Total Syntheses ◽  
Prostaglandin Analogues ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Neplanocin A

Abstract This account outlines the results obtained in the author’s laboratory on the application of phosphonates in the synthesis of various classes of biologically active cyclopentenones and cyclopentanones. In the first place two general methods for the synthesis of mono-, 1,2- and 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds are presented. The first is based on the use of α-phosphoryl sulfides in conjunction with the Horner reaction while in the second method the oxygenation reaction of α-phosphonate carbanion is a key step. The utility of these two approaches to 1,4-diketones as precursors of cyclopentenones was exemplified by the synthesis of dihydrojasmone and (Z)-jasmone. The use of simple phosphonates, α-phosphoryl sulfides and β- and γ-ketophosphonates as starting reagents in the synthesis of cyclopentanoid antibiotics (methylenomycin B, racemic desepoxy-4,5-didehydromethylenomycin, enantiomeric sarkomycins) is presented. The synthesis and reactivity of achiral 3-(phosphorylmethyl)cyclopent-2-enone and chiral diastereoisomeric camphor protected 3-(phosphorylmethyl)-4,5-dihydroxycyclopent-2-enones as building blocks is discussed as a platform for developing a new access to a variety of bioactive cyclopentenones. The utility and value of achiral phosphonate building block is demonstrated by the synthesis of racemic and enantiopure prostaglandin B1 methyl esters and enantiomeric phytoprostanes B1 type I and II. The range of biologically active compounds prepared from chiral diastereoisomeric cyclopentenone phosphonates is wider. Herein the total syntheses of the following target compounds are presented: enantiomeric isoterreins, natural (−)-neplanocin A and its unnatural (+)-enantiomer, anticancer prostaglandin analogues (enantiomers of TEI-9826, NEPP-11, iso-NEPP-11). The design and synthesis of racemic and four enantiopure stereoisomers of an antiulcer drug rosaprostol is also described.

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