scholarly journals Effects of Datura Metel Leaves Extract on Blood Parameters and Lipid Profile Using Albino Rats as Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
F. O. Oyedeji ◽  
O. O. Ajewole ◽  
A. B. Fawehinmi
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

Datura metel is commonly found locally and it is readily available to the people, consequently, it is abused and deliberately used as poison. The aim of this study is to ascertain the effect of Datural metel through blood parameters and lipid profile when consumed through food intake using albino rat model. The leaves were extracted with ethanol and the phytochemical parameters determined. Different concentration of the extract were mixed with rat food and the food were fed to albino rats placed in four groups of five. The blood and lipid profile of rats were picked from each group determined at the end of week 1,2 and 3. Rats from each group was sacrificed and the blood was collected through cardiac puncture which was later analyzed for blood parameters and lipid profile. The results obtained from the first set of rats did not show any significant effect on the blood parameters and lipid profile, but the results obtained from subsequent sacrificed rats showed gradual increase in the values of the rate of haemoglobin (HB) 6.7 – 10G/DL, Red blood cells (RBC) 3.82 – 4.43 x 106µl and mean cell volume (MCV) 52.36 – 69.98FL. The results obtained for mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) are irregular. There is gradual decrease in the results obtained for low density lipoproteins (LDL) 27.2 – 20.2 mg/dl and cholesterol 79 -71 mg/dl. This study suggests that the concentration of ethanolic extracts of Datura metel leaves have different active components that have diverse revamping effects on the blood parameters and lipid profile based on concentration of the extracts and duration of intake of the extract. This invariably portray that presence of Datura metel in food can enhance the quality of the food in the body and also maintain good cardiovascular wellbeing based on its concentration and timeline of consumption.

Studies on the toxicological effect of the aqueous extract of the fresh, dried and boiled berries of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal in male Wistar rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
OM Aboyade ◽  
MT Yakubu ◽  
DS Grierson ◽  
AJ Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

The toxicological effect of the aqueous extract of fresh, dried and boiled berries of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal at 1, 10 and 25 mg/kg body weight was investigated in male Wistar rats for 28 days. The parameters used were the body weight of the animals and absolute weights of the organs, haematological parameters, renal and liver functional endpoints. The animals gained appreciable weight and showed no signs of clinical toxicity. The dried (DB), boiled dried (BDB), fresh (FB) and boiled fresh berry (BFB) extracts reduced (p < .05) the heart-, liver-and spleen-body weight ratio of the animals whereas that of the lung was not altered. The kidney and testes-body weight ratios were specifically altered by the different extract. All these were not accompanied by any histomorphological changes. The extracts did not alter (p > .05) the levels of RBC, Hb, PCV and albumin of the animals. The platelets were decreased by the DB and FB whereas BFB increased this parameter. The FB and BFB at all the doses also reduced the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of the animals. With the exception of the FB where the creatinine and chloride levels decreased, other extracts did not alter the level of these kidney parameters. Only FB increased the levels of uric acid and urea. All the extract decreased the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of the animal. The levels of total protein, globulin, total and conjugated bilirubin were not altered by DB and BDB whereas these indices were increased by FB and BFB. The DB and BDB increased the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity whereas FB decreased the activity of the enzyme. In contrast, DB and BDB decreased the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity of the animals whereas FB and BFB increased the activity of the enzyme. The FB and BFB also increased the levels of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus of the animals. Overall, the alterations in the biochemical parameters by the various extracts of S. aculeastrum berries at these doses indicated that the normal functioning of these organs may be adversely affected. However, drying and boiling might reduce the toxic effect of the berries.

scholarly journals Haematological alterations due to lung diseases in sheep and goats of Jammu region

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1691-1695
Author(s):  
Nishchal Dutta ◽  
Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Shagufta Azmi ◽  
Muneer Ahmad Dar
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration

The present study was conducted for evaluation of haematological parameters in sheep (330) and goat (230) having various lung affections that were slaughtered routinely as a source of food in Jammu region (Gujjar Nagar, Dogra Hall, Bishnah and Nagrota). About 25.75% (85) and 21.30% (49)of lungs examined in sheep and goats respectively were found to have parasitic infestation of Hydatidosis, Myiasis and Mulleriuscapillaris. Furthermore about 31.81% (105) and 29.13% (67) of selected lungs had pathological conditions of pneumonia, abscess and haemorrhage in sheep and goats respectively. Diseased sheep and goats reflected significant decrease in haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and erythrocytes (RBC) in parasitic infestation of Myiasis as compared to control while non significant alteration in these parameters was observed in conditions of Hydatidosis, M. capillaris, pneumonia, abscess and haemorrhage. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) decreased significantly in Myiasis of sheep and haemorrhagic lungs of goats while no significant change was observed in mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values. Significant increase in leucocytes (WBC), neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils were observed in both sheep and goats affected with various parasitic and pathological lung disesases with no significant change in basophilic count. Lymphocytic count decreased in all these adversed lung conditions as compared to healthy ones. Parasitic infection though not mixed one especially that of Myiasis comparatively has significant affected on blood parameters. The present study signifies the complementary importance of ante -mortem examination with that of post-mortem inspection in various parasitic and pathological affections of lungs.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles-induced cytogenotoxicity and alterations in haematological indices of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 807-815
Author(s):  
Opeoluwa M Ogunsuyi ◽  
Elizabeth O Adegoye ◽  
Olusegun I Ogunsuyi ◽  
Okunola A Alabi ◽  
Chibuisi G Alimba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

The application of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in the manufacturing of consumer products has increased tremendously and with the potential to induce deleterious effects on aquatic biota. There have been reports on metal oxide NP toxicity in aquatic organisms, however, information on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of TiO2 NPs on the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, is scarce. In this study, we investigated the genotoxicity and haematotoxicity of TiO2 NPs in C. gariepinus using the micronucleus (MN) assay and haematological analysis, respectively. Juvenile C. gariepinus were exposed to 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100.0 mg L−1 concentrations of TiO2 NPs for 7 and 28 days. Benzene (0.05 mL L−1) and dechlorinated tap water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Data of the MN showed a significant ( p < 0.05) concentration-dependent increase in the frequency of MN at both exposure periods in comparison to negative control. Red blood cells, haematocrit, platelets and heterophils significantly reduced with an increased mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and lymphocytes at the 7-day exposure period, while in the 28-day exposure period, mean cell volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and lymphocytes had a significant increase in comparison with the negative control. This study indicates that TiO2 NPs induced cytogenetic and haematological alterations in C. gariepinus and is of relevance in biodiversity and aquatic health management.

scholarly journals Effects of Haematinics on Body Weight and Certain Haemotological Values in Black Bengal Goats

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
ML Sharmin ◽  
MA Miah ◽  
M Myenuddin ◽  
M Shahjalal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Haematological Values ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Group B

Effects of haematinics on body weight and certain haematological values were studied in nine female Black Bengal goats of 1 to 2 years old, divided into three groups (A, B, & C), each consisting of 3 goats during the period from 15 January to 28 February 2002. Goats of group B treated orally with copper sulphate and ferrous sulphate @ 50 mg and 200 mg / head / day respectively and the goats of group C, in addition to copper and ferrous sulphate were treated orally with cobalt sulphate @ 1 mg / head / day along with IM injection of Vit-B12 (B50 Forte®, Square) @ 5 ml / goat every 15 days interval for a period of 45 days whereas group A served as untreated control. Results showed that the body weight gain were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the haematinics treated groups B and C (13.57 ± 3.63 g and 12.83 ± 1.01 g respectively) in comparison to control (13.30 ± 1.40 g) at 45 days of treatment. Haematological examination showed significantly (p < 0.01) increased haemoglobin (10.47 ± 0.13 g% and 10.77 ± 0.12 g%), packed cell volume (31.67 ± 0.33% and 32.33 ± 0.33%), total erythrocyte count (13.90 ± 0.12 and 14.78 ± 0.26 106 / mm3), mean corpuscular volume (22.78 ± 0.12 µ3 and 21.88 ± 0.16 µ3), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (7.53 ± 0.05 and 7.28 ± 0.05 µµg) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (33.05 ± 0.08 and 33.30 ± 0.09%) in the treated groups B and C at 45 days of treatment respectively. The present findings indicate that the supplementation of haematinics could be used in the improvement of general health condition as well as the haematological parameters. Key words: Haematinics; body weight; haematological values; Black Bengal goats doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i1.1936 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (1) : 55-57

scholarly journals Zinc ameliorates lead toxicity by reducing body Pb burden and restoring Pb-induced haematological and biochemical derangements

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 239784732095656
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ike Ugwuja ◽  
Nweze Vincent ◽  
Ikechukwu C Ikaraoha ◽  
Samuel R Ohayi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Background: Studies on nutritional factors, including zinc in ameliorating the deleterious effects of potentially toxic elements have been scarce and the findings have been inconsistent. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ameliorative potential of zinc against lead-induced toxicity in rats. Materials and methods: Male albino rats (n = 24) assigned into four groups of six/group: normal control (NC), zinc control (ZnC; 20 mg/kg ZnCl2), lead control (PbC; 50 mg/kg PbCl2) and lead plus zinc (Pb + Zn; 50 mg/kg PbCl2 plus 20 mg/kg ZnCl2), respectively were investigated. All administrations were through oral route and lasted for 42 days after which blood samples were collected for haematological and biochemical analyses using standard techniques. Results: Results showed that packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HBC), red blood cell count (RBC) were significant (p < 0.05) reduced while total white blood cell count (TWBC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and platelets were significantly elevated in PbC group in comparison with NC and ZnC. Also liver and renal function parameters as well as the liver and kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated while antioxidant enzymes; catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in PbC group in comparison with NC and ZnC. Concentrations of lead were in the order: blood > liver > kidney in the PbC group. In addition to restoration of the altered parameters, administration of zinc in Pb + Zn group significantly reduced the raised lead concentrations in the plasma and organs. Conclusion: Reduction in body Pb burden and restoration of Pb-induced derangements in haematological and biochemical parameters by Zn strongly support the ameliorative property of Zn against Pb-induced toxicity.

scholarly journals Effect of melamine and cyanurid acid contaminated diets on blood indicators in broiler chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 564-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Straková ◽  
K. Karásková ◽  
D. Zapletal ◽  
P. Suchý
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Cyanuric Acid ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

The effect of melamine and cyanuric acid contaminated diets on basic haematological and biochemical blood indicators in male broiler chickens (Ross 308) was studied. The chickens were divided into 6&nbsp;experimental groups (30 birds per group) and fed diets with an addition of 50 or 100 mg of melamine or 50 or 100 mg of cyanuric acid per kg of feed, with the contaminants added separately (either melamine or cyanuric acid) or in combination (melamine + cyanuric acid). The control group (C) was fed a diet without melamine or cyanuric acid. At the end of the experiment (day 40), 8 birds per treatment group were randomly selected for haematological and biochemical examination of blood. Red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit value, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean cell volume, and total leukocyte count did not differ significantly among the respective groups of broiler chickens (P &gt; 0.05). The concentrations of melamine and cyanuric acid used in the contaminated diet for broiler chickens led to highly significant changes in the content of total protein (TP), glucose (Glu), Ca, P, Na, and K (P &lt; 0.01) and to significant changes in the content of Mg (P &lt; 0.05) in their blood plasma. In comparison to the C&nbsp;group, the decrease in the content of TP, Glu, Ca, P, Na, K, and Mg in blood plasma was most pronounced in broilers fed the diets contaminated with cyanuric acid only or diets with the simultaneous contamination with melamine and cyanuric acid. On the basis of our results, it can be concluded that the contamination of feed with melamine and cyanuric acid, separately or in combination, results in impaired renal function and probably also in partial liver damage. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Peripheral blood and bone marrow responses under stress of cypermethrin in albino rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Pande ◽  
Prabhu Narain Saxena ◽  
Brijender Bhushan ◽  
Nishi Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Differential Leukocyte Count ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Rbc Count

Abstract Pyrethroids, commercially available pesticides, are greatly in use these days, and thus they carry considerable chances of contaminating various ecosystems. Haematotoxicity of cypermethrin, a broadly used type II pyrethroid, has been assessed in the present study. Selected parameters included determination of total RBC count, haemoglobin concentration (Hb conc.), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), total leukocyte count (TLC), differential leukocyte count (DLC), along with qualitative analysis of blood and bone marrow. Of these parameters, those showing significant decline following cypermethrin intoxication included total RBC count, Hb conc., PCV, MCV, MCH, whereas non-significant decrease was observed in the case of MCHC. ESR, TLC and DLC, on the other hand, increased significantly following cypermethrin intoxication. Qualitative changes included altered red cell morphology such as microcystosis, appearance of stomatocytes, poikilocytosis, giant platelet formation, etc. in peripheral blood and increased erythroid precursors in bone marrow of treated rats. These parameters were however normalised following twenty-two days of recovery phase

scholarly journals Haematological Profile Of Thai And Indigenous Male And Female Air Breathing Climbing Perch

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Mahmud Hasan ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mamun ◽  
Md Golam Rabbane
Keyword(s):  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Climbing Perch ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Hb Concentration

This study evaluated the haematological profile of air breathing Thai and indigenous male and female climbing perch (in Bangla, koi) Anabus testudineus to improve understanding the differences between two strains at blood parameters level. Haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), erythrocyte red blood cells (RBC) or erythrocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils were identified by mythic 18 automated haematology analyzer. Most haematological parameters indicated significant (p < 0.05) intra species sex variations. Higher Hb concentration, RBC counts and HCT percentages were found in Thai and indigenous males compared to their counterparts but higher MCH values, WBC counts and ESR levels were detected in both Thai and indigenous females than in the males. Similar concentration of Hb was detected in the same sex between fish. In contrast, higher level of ESR was observed in both female than did the males. Total counts of RBC observed in both Thai and indigenous male was significantly higher than in the females. MCV was found higher in indigenous male and female than in Thai one. However, no significant differences were observed in neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils. Findings of this study showed sex variations in the haematological parameters between Thai and indigenous climbing perch. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v21i1.9746 DUJBS 2012 21(1): 67-77

EVALUATION OF HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN ALBINO RATS EXPOSED DERMALLY TO TANNERY EFFLUENT FROM CHALLAWA INDUSTRIAL ESTATE KANO, NIGERIA.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-376
Author(s):  
K. A. Bichi ◽  
B. B. Yusif ◽  
S. B. Mustapha ◽  
Y. U. Jibrin ◽  
P. S. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Standard Limit

The effects on haematological parameters of albino rats were evaluated to assess possible toxicity of tannery effluent. The study was carried out for 28 days. Forty (40) matured albino rats of both sexes were divided into four groups of 10 rats each. Group 1 is the control group, which were exposed dermally with normal water. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were exposed dermally at different concentrations of 100%, 50% and 25% of the effluent respectively. The result of the physicochemical analysis of the effluent shows that the physicochemical parameters were above the standard limit. Rats exposed to different percentages of the effluent showed significant decrease in the level of haemoglobin and packed cells volume. Red blood cell, white blood cell, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, platelet and lymphocytes do not significantly decrease or increase.

Preclinical Evaluation of the Effect of Antioxidant N­-acetyl-D-Glucosamine on Haematinic Potentials of Lauha Bhasm and Mandura Bhasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-173
Author(s):  
Khobragade D. S ◽  
Potbhare M. S ◽  
Lote S. B ◽  
Pardeshi K. S ◽  
Wankhede S. B ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Phenyl Hydrazine ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count ◽  
Hb Concentration

The effect of antioxidant N-acetyl-D-Glucosamine on haematinic activity of two ayurvedic haematinic preparations Lauha bhasm and mandura bhasm was studied in albino rats. Anaemia was induced by administration of phenyl hydrazine (80 mg/kg for 24 hrs) by intra-peritoneal injection. Changes in body weight, red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), haemoglobin (HB) concentration and haematocrit (HCT) were analysed as indices of anaemia. The mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), mean cell volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) which are indicators of macrocytosis were calculated accordingly. Phenyl hydrazine induced a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the blood parameters indicating anaemia and also resulted to significant increase (P<0.05) in the macrocytosis parameter. Combination of bhasm with antioxidant induced a significant (P<0.05) increase in the RBC count, HBG concentration, and HCT% which had been originally decreased by phenylhydrazine administration. The macrocytosis also turned towards normal as the animals recovered from anaemic condition. The results obtained suggested that combination of antioxidant N-acetyl-D-Glucosamine with Lauha bhasm & mandura bhasm shows improved haematinic activity.

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