scholarly journals Crop Geometry and Nitrogen Levels Influence on Growth, Yield and Economics of Compact Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Rainfed Vertisols

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
B. B. Nayak ◽  
S. Bharathi ◽  
M. Sree Rekha ◽  
K. Jayalalitha
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Crop Geometry

Aims: To study the effect of crop geometry and nitrogen levels on compact cotton genotype in rainfed vertisols condition. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with a factorial concept with 3 levels of crop geometry and four levels of nitrogen with 12 treatment combinations and replicated thrice. Place and Duration of Study: A field experiment was conducted on vertisols under rainfed conditions at Regional Agricultural Research Station Lam, Guntur during the year 2018 – 2019. Methodology: The treatments consisted of three crop geometries S1 – 60 cm × 10 cm, S2- 75 cm × 10 cm, S3- 90 cm × 45 cm in combination with four nitrogen levels N1- 45kg N ha-1, N2- 90kg N ha-1, N3- 135 kg N ha-1, N4- 180 kg ha-1. Results: Closer crop geometry of 60 cm × 10 cm recorded taller plants and maximum dry matter accumulation, functional leaves per square meter, leaf area index, maximum chlorophyll content, number of bolls per square meter and seed cotton yield per ha-1, net returns and returns per rupee. However, the number of sympodial branches per plant and sympodial length was highest with wider crop geometry of 90 cm × 45 cm. All the growth and yield parameters recorded were maximum with the application of 180Kg N ha-1 than all the other levels of nitrogen tested. Conclusion: Overall, the results showed that the Crop geometry of 60cm × 10 cm  with application of 135 kg N ha-1  was found to be optimum to realize of maximum seed cotton yield and net returns.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Bt Cotton Influence by Land Configuration and Nutrient Levels Under Rainfed Situation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
V. Ambika ◽  
G. S. Yadahalli ◽  
B. M. Chittapur ◽  
Shamrao Kulkarni ◽  
Vidhyavathi G. Yadahalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Net Returns

A field experiment was conducted at main agriculture research station, Raichur (Karnataka, India) during Kharif 2016 to enhance the yield of Bt cotton and improve the economy of farmers under the rainfed situation. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three land configuration practices as main plots and four different combinations of an organic and inorganic source of nutrients as subplots replicated thrice. The results showed that, significantly higher seed cotton yield (2834 kg ha-1) were recorded with land configuration practice of Ridges and Furrow method in conjunction with application of 90:45:45 NPK kg ha-1 (50% N through organic) when compared to Broad Bed and Furrow method and Flat Bed methods and their respective combination with different source of nutrients. This trend was also reflected in dry matter accumulation in various plant parts (leaves, stem and reproductive organs). The combined effect of Ridges and Furrow method and application of 90:45:45 NPK kg ha-1 (50% N through organic) also resulted in recording higher gross (Rs.1,53,018 ha-1) and net returns (Rs.1,07,67 ha-1) when compared to other treatment combinations. Therefore it was concluded that, land configuration practice of Ridges and Furrow method in combination with the application of 90:45:45 NPK kg ha-1 (50% N through organic) was found to be the best option to realise higher seed cotton yield and more economical.

Studies on site specific nutrient management (SSNM) on growth and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) under irrigation in southern Karnatak

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Patil ◽  
M. A. Shankar ◽  
N. Krishnamurthy ◽  
Y. G. Shadakshari ◽  
V.R. Ramakrishna Parama
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Target Yield

A field experiment was conducted at the Main Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Hebbal, Bangalore, to know the effect of site specific nutrient management (SSNM) on growth and yield of groundnut. The fertilizers were applied to the crop based on uptake pattern, target yield and soil fertility status. The study indicated that application of fertilizers based on SSNM for target yield of 2.5 t ha-1 + S (10 kg ha-1) + B (10 kg ha-1) + Zn (12.50 kg ha-1) recorded significantly higher growth parameters viz., plant height (45.3 cm), number of branches (8.10), leaf area (814.95 cm-2), leaf area index (2.72) and total dry matter accumulation (31.82 g plant-1). The yield parameters viz., total number of pods per plant (19.57), pod weight per plant (12.05 g), 100 kernel weight (34.74 g) and shelling per cent (75.32) were significantly higher with the application of fertilizers based on SSNM for target yield of 2.5 t ha-1 + S + B + Zn compared to recommended dose of fertilizer. The Maximum gross returns were obtained in T4 (application of SSNM for target yield of 2.5 t ha-1 + S + B + Zn) (Rs. 79219), where as, higher net returns and B:C ratio were obtained with T3 (SSNM for target yield of 2.5 t ha-1) (Rs. 46771 and 2.47 respectively) and lower net returns and B:C ratio were with application of Rec. NPK + FYM (T1) (Rs. 33852 and 2.13 respectively).

scholarly journals Gene Action Studies in the Inheritance of Yield and Quality Attributing Traits in Diallel Cross of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
V. J. Zapadiya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Genetic Components

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the 45 F1 hybrids derived from 10×10 half diallel fashion along with ten parents and one standard check GN.Cot.Hy-14 were sown in randomized block design with three replications during kharif -2017 at Cotton Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. The genetic components of variation were determined for 12 characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to 50% boll opening, plant height (cm), number of monopodia per plant, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight (g), seed cotton yield per plant (g), ginning percentage (%), seed index (g), lint index (g) and oil percentage (%).The estimate of the components of variation revealed significant results for both additive (D) as well as dominance effects (H1 and H2) for all the characters except plant height non-significant H2 component, but in majority of traits (except plant height, lint index) H1 was higher than D indicating dominance components were important in the inheritance of seed cotton yield and its components. The average degree of dominance (H1/D)1/2 was found to be more than unity for all the traits (except plant height, number of monopodia per plant and lint index indicating partial dominance) indicating over dominance. Asymmetrical distribution of positive and negative genes in the parents was observed for all the traits. High estimates of heritability in narrow sense was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to 50 % boll bursting, number of monopodia per plant, ginning percentage (%), lint index (g) and oil content (%) suggesting that selection based on these attribute would lead to rapid improvement. Due to preponderance of non-additive gene effects of seed cotton yield per plant and most of its component traits, heterosis breeding would also be practically feasible in cotton.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF COTTON TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND SPACING BETWEEN HOLES

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alubaidi & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

This experiment was conducted at the farm of field crop department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during two summer seasons (2010 and 2011) in order to know the response of cotton var. Lashata to nitrogen levels and spacing between holes. A randomized complete block design under arrangement of split plot with four replications was used. The plant spacing; 10, 20 and 30 cm between holes and 75 cm between rows considered as main plots, while three nitrogen levels (150, 200 and 250 Kg N.ha-1) are considered as sub plots. The results showed that using 10 cm between hills were significantly superior in boll weight (3.69 and 4.26) gm.boll-1, seed cotton yield (3.03 and 3.6) t.ha-1 and lint yield (1.13 and 1.30) t.ha-1 in both seasons 2010 and 2011 respectively. While, 30 cm spacing significantly superior in number of open bolls (12.10 and 13.6) bolls.plant-1 and ginning percentage (39.05 and 37.44)% in both seasons respectively. The nitrogen fertilizer 250 kg N ha-1 was significantly superior in dehiscence bolls number, seed cotton yield, lint yield and ginning percentage in both seasons 2010 and 2011 respectively. It can be concluded that 'using 10 cm spacing between holes with 250 kg N ha-1 to achieve highest seed cotton yield.  

scholarly journals Yield and some agronomic parameters of upland cotton as affected by planting dates

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmed Lashari ◽  
Salma Naimatullah ◽  
Hamza Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Boll Weight

A field experiment was conducted at ICI Research Farm, Multan to evaluate the effect of different sowing dates on plant height, number of monopodia, number of sympodia, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield kg/ha of two upland cotton varieties (ICI-2121 and ICI-2424) developed by ICI Pakistan Limited, Multan against a standard check variety IUB-2013 during 2019, and 2020 years.  These varieties were planted on 1st April, 15th April, 1st May, 15th May, 1st June, and 15th June, at ICI Cotton Research Station, 19-Kasi Vehari Road, Multan.  Results revealed that statistically highly significant differences in planting dates were observed for all the parameters studied except number of monopodial branches and boll weight which depicted non-significant differences. Regarding varieties and interaction between varieties and planting times, similar trend of statistical differences was observed. As regards to planting dates, generally, all the parameters under study showed their maximum performance when crop was planted on 1st May followed by 1st April planting date, whereas, minimum performance of the parameters was recorded when the crop was planted on 15th June followed by 1st June. Regarding varietal performance, on an average, maximum plant height (146cm) was observed in ICI-2121 followed by IUB-2013. Same trend of performance of varieties regarding number of monopodia and sympodia per plant was observed.  Regarding average number of bolls per plant in different varieties, it was observed that ICI-2121 produced maximum (32 bolls) followed by ICI-2424 (31 bolls) and IUB-2013 (28 bolls) irrespective of planting dates. The same trend of varietal performance regarding boll weight was recorded. When seed cotton yield (kg/ha) was evaluated, on an average of varieties, ICI-2121 produced maximum seed cotton yield (1228 kg/ha) followed by ICI-2424 and IUB-2013 which produced 1147 and 1046 kg/ha seed cotton yield respectively irrespective of planting dates. It was concluded that under agro-climatic conditions of Multan, 1st May planting date was evaluated as optimum cotton sowing time. Before or after 1st May, this study does not recommend growing cotton in this particular zone.  Among cotton varieties, ICI-2121 is recommended for sowing under this planting time being producing higher yields.

An improved CROPR model for estimating cotton yield under soil aeration stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Qian ◽  
Xiu-Gui Wang ◽  
Wen-Bing Luo ◽  
Zhi-Ming Qi ◽  
Huai-Wei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Additive Structure ◽  
Soil Aeration ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
After Effect ◽  
Water Table Management

Accurate estimation of crop yield under aeration stress is crucial for field water table management. In this study, the CROPR crop model was improved in two aspects: (i) a new aeration factor, which was related to a drainage index, was proposed and used to represent the condition of soil aeration; and (ii) a multiplicative structure, instead of the original additive structure, was used in the calculation of dry matter accumulation to include the after-effect of aeration stress. Four-year lysimeter experiments on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) growth under aeration stress were conducted from 2008 to 2011 to calibrate and validate both the original and improved CROPR. The results indicated that the improved CROPR performed better than the original CROPR and was suitable for simulating cotton yield under aeration stress. In the calibration, with the improved CROPR, the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of seed cotton yield was 832.84 kg ha–1 with a normalised value (NRMSE) of 15.87%, whereas with the original CROPR, the RMSE was 973.03 kg ha–1 with an NRMSE of 18.55%. In the validation, with the improved CROPR, the RMSE of seed cotton yield was 686.22 kg ha–1 with an NRMSE of 14.87%; with the original CROPR, the RMSE was 1019.02 kg ha–1 with an NRMSE of 22.08%.

Growth Analysis of Cotton in Competition with Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Ma ◽  
Jinyan Yang ◽  
Hanwen Wu ◽  
Weili Jiang ◽  
Yajie Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
The Relationship

Field experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 to determine the influence of velvetleaf densities of 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 plants m−1of row on cotton growth and yield. The relationship between velvetleaf density and seed cotton yield was described by the hyperbolic decay regression model, which estimated that a density of 0.44 to 0.48 velvetleaf m−1of row would result in a seed cotton yield loss of 50%. Velvetleaf remained taller and thicker than cotton throughout the growing season. Both cotton height and stem diameter reduced with increasing velvetleaf density. Moreover, velvetleaf interference delayed cotton maturity, especially at velvetleaf densities of 1 to 8 plants m−1of row, and cotton boll number and weight, seed numbers per boll, and lint percentage were also reduced. Fiber quality was not influenced by weed density when analyzed over 2 yr; however, fiber length uniformity and micronaire were adversely affected in 2014. Velvetleaf intraspecific competition resulted in density-dependent effects on weed biomass, ranging from 97 to 204 g plant−1dry weight. Velvetleaf seed production per plant or per square meter was indicated by a logarithmic response. At a density of 1 plant m−1of cotton row, velvetleaf produced approximately 20,000 seeds m−2. The adverse impact of velvetleaf on cotton growth and development identified in this study have indicated the need for effective management of this species when the weed density is greater than 0.25 to 0.5 plant m−1of row and before the weed seed maturity.

Effect of different herbicides on growth and yield attributes and seed cotton yield inhirsutumcotton

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Jagdish Kumar ◽  
S. K. Srivastava ◽  
Ram Asrey ◽  
H. G. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield

scholarly journals Genetic variability and association between oil and economic traits for some new Egyptian cotton genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara E. I. Eldessouky ◽  
A. B. A. El-Fesheikawy ◽  
K. M. A. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Seed Index

Abstract Background Cotton breeding programs mainly focus on improving cotton fibers, but less attention has been paid by breeders to cottonseed oil improvement. Breeding cottonseed for oil content has mainly depended on phenotypic information used to select varieties with high seed oil content. The purpose of this study was to evaluate some cotton genotypes regarding their oil content and other characters related to fiber yield, in order to select genotypes with high oil content and acceptable levels of the other characters. Seventeen different genotypes of cotton were used in this study. A two-year experiment was carried out at Sids Agricultural Research Station, Beni Suef, Egypt, during 2017 and 2018, using a randomized complete block design with six replications. Seed cotton yield, lint cotton yield, boll weight, seed index, embryo index, oil % and embryo oil index characters were recorded. Results The analysis of variance results showed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the studied traits except boll weight in season 2017. The overall cotton embryo oil % ranged from 33.40 to 40.28 among the genotypes, while the overall cotton embryo oil index ranged from 1.79 to 2.47. Maximum cotton embryo oil % was noted by the genotypes 15 [{(G83 × G80) × G89} × Australian] and 8 [(G 91 × G90) × (G 85 × G 83)], while maximum cotton embryo oil index was noted by the genotype 13 [(G 91 × G 90) × G80]. The results showed positive correlations between seed cotton yield and lint cotton yield, seed index and embryo index, seed index and embryo index oil %, embryo index and embryo index oil %, and oil % and embryo index oil %. Conclusions It could be concluded that using seed or embryo oil percentages as criteria for differentiating genotypes according to their oil content is misleading and the best efficient measure is using the seed or embryo oil indices because they depend on weight basis. Also, Genotypes 13, 15 and 8 were the best genotypes regarding oil % and they could be used in breeding programs for cotton oil improvement.

scholarly journals Cotton phenology and production response to sowing time, row orientation and plant spacing using CROPGRO-cotton model

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-634
Author(s):  
ABHISHEK DHIR ◽  
R. K. PAL ◽  
P. K. KINGRA ◽  
S. K. MISHRA ◽  
S. S. SANDHU
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
East West

The DSSAT module for cotton crop has been evaluated as a tool to predict the crop growth and yield response to microclimatic modifications. In this context, multi-location field experiments were laid out at Bathinda and Faridkot, districts of Punjab during Kharif 2018 with Bt-cotton hybrid RCH 773 BGII and sown at three times, i.e., April 30, May 15 and May 30 with two row orientations (North-South : N-S and East-West : E-W) and three plant spacing’s (67.5 cm × 45.0 cm, 67.5 cm × 60.0 cm and 67.5 cm × 75.0 cm) in factorial split plot design and replicated by three times. The model output in terms of simulated phenology showed close proximity over observed value having R2 of 0.51 and 0.61 at Bathinda and 0.43 and 0.87 at Faridkot anthesis and maturity, respectively. Among study locations, observed and simulated LAI ranged from 2.7 to 3.7 and 1.8 to 3.0. Simulated seed cotton yield was found significantly higher with the crop sown on 30th April (3053 and 3274 kg ha-1) than 30th May sowing (2392 and 2511 kg ha-1) at Bathinda and Faridkot, respectively, which was in good agreement with observed yield having higher value of d-stat (0.84 for Bathinda and 0.89 for Faridkot) and R2 (0.75 for Bathinda and 0.83 for Faridkot). Moreover, higher seed cotton yield was simulated under East-West row direction along with wider plant spacing (67.5 × 75 cm) at both locations. Overall, CROPGRO-cotton model can be used as research tool for the prediction of cotton phenology and yield and to explore site-specific adoption strategies such as appropriate sowing time, row orientation and plant spacing to sustain cotton productivity under changing climatic conditions.

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