scholarly journals Ecological Adaptation of Endemic Anthocleista Species under Moisture Gradient in Parts of Niger Delta, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-45
Author(s):  
Edwin-Wosu Nsirim Lucky ◽  
Omara-Achong Theresa Ebia ◽  
Idogun Ejiro Praise
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Moisture Gradient ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Niche Adaptation ◽  
Resultant Effect ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Adaptive Relationship

Background: Knowledge of the anatomy of Anthocleista species is crucial for understanding how these plants adapt to the environment. Aim: This study was aimed at investigating the adaptive relationship of moisture gradient influence on the anatomy of four species in the genus Anthocleista (A djalonesis A Chev; A.  liebrechtsiana De Wild & Th.Dur; A. nobilis G.Don; and A. vogelii Planch) in light of ecological niche adaptation. Place of Study: parts of Akwa-Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross River and Rivers States in the Niger Delta. Methods: Conventional classical anatomical techniques for structural sectioning were used. Results: Though there are similarities and differences in vascular structure among the species, the study has revealed variance in anatomical responses to moisture gradient (ranging from dry mesophytic to mesophytic and wetland conditions) of adaptation. The most important and distinct features observed are the presence of sclerenchymatous idioblast, air sacs and sclereidal idioblast. Sclerenchymatous idioblasts are numerous in A liebrechtsiana, few in A.  nobilis and A. vogelii but lacking in A. djalonesis. The sclerenchymatous idioblast in A. liebrechtsiana, A. nobilis, and A. vogelii confirmed these species to be mesophytic to semi-aquatic in their habitat adaptation; while A. djalonesis is dry-mesophytic in adaptation with thicker epidermal layer, multiple hypodermal layers, thicker mesophyll tissues with increased number of palisade layers and thick leaves. The stem and root modification had abundance sclereidal idioblast distribution in A. liebrechtsiana, and A. nobilis, moderate in A. vogelii and very low in A. djalonesis. Conclusion: The variation observed in the leaf, petiole, stem and root anatomical characters are due to moisture gradient influence with the resultant effect of plant species evolving structures such as idioblast and modification to adapt to the niche and environment where they find themselves.

scholarly journals First record of Foulassi Screeching Frog, Arthroleptis adelphus (Perret, 1966) (Anura, Arthroleptidae, Arthroleptinae), from Nigeria, with notes on its phylogenetic position

Check List ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotanna Micah Nneji ◽  
Adeniyi Charles Adeola ◽  
Agboola Okeyoyin ◽  
Abiodun Biodun Onadeko ◽  
Edem Archibong Eniang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
First Record ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Mitochondrial 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Relationship Of

We report the first known occurrence of the Foulassi Screeching Frog, Arthroleptis adelphus (Perret, 1966), from Nigeria. A specimen of A. adelphus was collected during herpetological survey work conducted in Cross River National Park, south-eastern Nigeria. Morphometrics and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene confirm identity of the specimen. Matrilineal genealogy reveals a sister relationship of A. adelphus from Nigeria with individuals from south-western Cameroon. Genetic analysis further shows geographic structuring and divergence among populations of A. adelphus from the Guineo–Congolian forest region. We offer updates to the IUCN geographic range of A. adelphus.

scholarly journals 257 LEAF PETIOLE NITRATE AND POTASSIUM LEVELS IN POTTED PLANTS GROWN AT THREE NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM LEVELS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 466e-466
Author(s):  
Erica M. Bergman ◽  
Michelle Marshal ◽  
Brian Weesies ◽  
Bill Argo ◽  
John Biernbaum
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Petiole Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Twelve species of flowering potted plants were grown in a peat-based medium with water soluble fertilizer concentrations of 50, 100, or 200 mg·liter-1 N and K2O. Leaf blade or leaf petiole samples were collected six to eight weeks after planting. Sap was expressed using a hydraulic press and levels of nitrate nitrogen and potassium were determined using Cardy flat sensor ion meters. Petiole nitrate level ranged from 520 to 6300 mg·liter-1 and potassium levels ranged from 870 to 3600 mg·liter-1. The petiole nitrate concentration and change in petiole nitrate levels with changes in media nitrate levels was crop dependent. Leaf blade nitrate and potassium concentrations were lower than leaf petiole concentrations. The relationship of petiole nitrate to final plant fresh and dry mass and appearance at flowering will be presented.

scholarly journals Meteorological Variables That Affect Visibility Degradation and Their Seasonal Trends in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
C. O. Nwokocha ◽  
C. U. Okujagu ◽  
P. I. Enyinna
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Visibility Degradation ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Environmental Prediction ◽  
Atmospheric Changes ◽  
Relationship Of

The study of visibility in the Niger Delta region is necessary because it reflects the atmospheric changes caused by economic expansion in Nigeria. Cities in the Niger Delta (especially Port Harcourt) are the most polluted cities in the country and therefore visibility degradation has become one of the major environmental challenge in Nigeria. Analysis of a 31 years (1981-2012) monthly mean horizontal visibility data and monthly mean datasets of meteorological parameters such as relative humidity and wind direction obtained from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) and the National Centre for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) for Calabar, Uyo, Port Harcourt, Owerri, Warri and Akure was done using statistical techniques. A correlation analysis was done and the annual visibility variability indexes from (NIMET) shows significant correlation with the (NCEP) datasets for R/humidity at r=0.1334 and Wind direction at r=0.1210 respectively at 90% confidence level from t-test. This study concluded that the relationship of the atmospheric visibility and meteorological factors are closely related. The results showed that visibility is more correlated with Relative humidity in places with high hydrocarbon activities leading to excess aerosol loading like Port Harcourt while it is better correlated with wind direction in places with less hydrocarbon activities like Calabar and Akure. The results of this study can assist policy makers and operators in establishing positive strategies to improve the air quality.

scholarly journals A ZIP1 Separation-of-Function Allele Reveals that Meiotic Centromere Pairing Drives Meiotic Segregation of Achiasmate Chromosomes in Budding Yeast

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Kurdzo ◽  
Hoa H Chuong ◽  
Dean S. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Normal Number ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Meiosis I

ABSTRACTIn meiosis I, homologous chromosomes segregate away from each other - the first of two rounds of chromosome segregation that allow the formation of haploid gametes. In prophase I, homologous partners become joined along their length by the synaptonemal complex (SC) and crossovers form between the homologs to generate links called chiasmata. The chiasmata allow the homologs to act as a single unit, called a bivalent, as the chromosomes attach to the microtubules that will ultimately pull them away from each other at anaphase I. Recent studies, in several organisms, have shown that when the SC disassembles at the end of prophase, residual SC proteins remain at the homologous centromeres providing an additional link between the homologs. In budding yeast, this centromere pairing is correlated with improved segregation of the paired partners in anaphase. However, the causal relationship of prophase centromere pairing and subsequent disjunction in anaphase has been difficult to demonstrate as has been the relationship between SC assembly and the assembly of the centromere pairing apparatus. Here, a series of in-frame deletion mutants of the SC component Zip1 were used to address these questions. The identification of separation-of-function alleles that disrupt centromere pairing, but not SC assembly, have made it possible to demonstrate that centromere pairing and SC assembly have mechanistically distinct features and that prophase centromere pairing function of Zip1 drives disjunction of the paired partners in anaphase I.AUTHOR SUMMARYThe generation of gametes requires the completion of a specialized cell división called meiosis. This division is unique in that it produces cells (gametes) with half the normal number of chromosomes (such that when two gametes fuse the normal chromosome number is restored). Chromosome number is reduced in meiosis by following a single round of chromosome duplication with two rounds of segregation. In the first round, meiosis I, homologous chromosomes first pair with each other, then attach to cellular cables, called microtubules, that pull them to opposite sides of the cell. It has long been known that the homologous partners become linked to each other by genetic recombination in a way that helps them behave as a single unit when they attach to the microtubules that will ultimately pull them apart. Recently, it was shown, in budding yeast and other organisms, that homologous partners can also pair at their centromeres. Here we show that this centromere pairing also contributes to proper segregation of the partners away from each other at meiosis I, and demonstrate that one protein involved in this process is able to participate in multiple mechanisms that help homologous chromosomes to pair with each other before being segregated in meiosis I.

scholarly journals Binary, Bipartite Motifs and Counter-Hegemonic Strategies in Tanure Ojaide’s The Activist

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Charles Feghabo ◽  
Blessing Omoregie
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Binary Relationship ◽  
The People ◽  
Oil Politics ◽  
Relationship Of

Language use is central to Tanure Ojaide’s The Activist, negotiating a better living environment for the people of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Most literary essays on this text, however, overlook Ojaide’s deployment of language to achieve his subversive vision. The text has been interpreted as environmentalism colored by an ideology or artistic documentation of the despoiled ecosystem, its effects on humans, the flora and fauna of the Niger Delta, and the consequential eco-activism. Another read of the text, however, reveals a binary relationship of dominance and subversion in which language is significant to both sides of the intercourse. The existence of dominance and resistance, therefore, necessitates the analysis of the text drawing from the Subaltern theory, an aspect of the Postcolonial theory to which dominance and resistance are central. This essay examines the deployment of language as a hegemonic and subversive tool in the oil politics in the Niger Delta. The binary relationship is couched in bi-partite motifs captured in epithets and contrasting images. In the binary, the multinational oil companies operating in the Niger Delta yoked with the Nigerian military government, are juxtaposed with the people and the Niger Delta as oppressors and the oppressed. Through bipartite motifs that abound in the text, Ojaide concretizes the duality in the Nigerian society vis-a-vis the oil politics in the Niger Delta.  In the duality, language is reinvented and mobilized significantly by both sides as a tool for demonizing and excluding each other to enable the subjugation or subversion of the other.

scholarly journals Relationship of Phenetic Family of Apocynaceae Based on Morphological and Anatomical Characters

BIOEDUSCIENCE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Ahsanul Buduri Agustiar ◽  
Dewi Masyitoh ◽  
Irda Dwi Fibriana ◽  
Adesilvi Saisatul Khumairoh ◽  
Kurnia Alfi Rianti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Familial Relationship ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Anatomical Evidence ◽  
Anatomical Trait ◽  
Plumeria Rubra

Background: Biodiversity in Indonesia is so diverse, including in Apocynaceae plants that is why it is important to study the kinship relationship to find out the kinship of Apocynaceae.  The purpose of this study was to determine phenetic kinship through morphological and anatomical evidence from four members of the Apocynaceae family. Methods: The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative method.  The samples in this study were four species of Apocynaceae family members, including Adenium obesum, Plumeria rubra, Catharanthus roseus, and Allamanda cathartica.  The indicators used were the morphological traits of stems, leaves, and flowers and the anatomical trait of stomata. Results: The result showed that the phenetic kinship of the four species of the Apocynaceae family member namely Alamanda cathartica had a distant kinship relationship with the other species with a similarity value of 31%. Conclusions: Thus, the familial relationship between species in the Apocynaceae family in terms of morphological and anatomical characters that have a close relationship with Plumeria rubra and Adenium obesum with a similarity value of 44% and the most distant Alamanda cathartica with a similarity value of 31%.  

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