Endocrine Disorders in a Specialized Hospital in Guyana

Background: Endocrine diseases are characterized by hormonal alterations (excess or defect). Due to the low prevalence (less than five case 5 / 10 000 inhabitants), a large number of them, qualify to be classified as rare diseases such as those of organs like: hypophysis, adrenal glands, gonads as well as some congenital thyroid diseases. Others like Diabetes are considering almost epidemic. Objective: To define the types of diseases observed in the only Endocrinology Clinic in Guyana. Methods: The diagnoses of all patients who attended the endocrinology clinic of the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2017, were analyzed. Results: During the one year of this study, approximately 639 patients attended the endocrinology clinic. Of this, 178 patients had thyroid-related diseases with 80 of these having thyrotoxicosis, 49 having hypothyroidism followed by 110 patients with diabetes mellitus. Pituitary tumors were also diagnosed with 2 of acromegaly and 6 of prolactinomas. Cases of hypoadrenalism (n = 5), hypogonadism (n = 4), and pheochromocytoma (n = 6) were not rare; gonadal disease were also found in 17 patients. Thyroid disease was the most frequent diagnosis followed by diabetes mellitus. New emerging endocrine disorders such as hyperlipidemia (n = 1) were rare. Some persons attending the clinic were also noted to be overweight /obese however this was not the primary reason for joining the clinic. Traditional diseases such as Sheehan Syndrome have become rare due to improvements in Obstetric care.

Download Full-text

TCT-507: One-year Mortality in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing PCI: Pooled Analysis from the REPLACE-2, ACUITY, and HORIZONS-AMI Trials

The American Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.08.538 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 104 (6) ◽

pp. 187D

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

One Year

Download Full-text

Thyroid hormones profile of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Kano, Nigeria

Annals of African Medical Research ◽

10.4081/aamr.2020.112 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mustapha Zainab Abubakar ◽

Kabiru Abdulsalam ◽

Isah A. Yahaya

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Endocrine Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Considerable Impact

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid disease are the two most common endocrine disorders in the general population. Several Studies have shown that thyroid dysfunction is common in patients with DM, and thyroid dysfunction have been found to have a considerable impact on the glycaemic control and often increases the risk of development of long-term complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. This study determined the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 DM in Kano, North-Western Nigeria. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 250 participants made up of 130 patients with type 2 DM and 120 apparently healthy non-diabetic controls. Questionnaires were used to collect information on bio data, medical history, duration of diagnosis of diabetes and type of treatment. Also, blood samples of the participants were collected and analyzed for fasting plasma glucose, fT3, fT4, and TSH. The results were interpreted using American Thyroid Associations’ criteria and the data was analyzed using the statistical software package, STATA version 20. Two hundred and thirty-four (93.6%) of the participants were euthyroid while sixteen (6.4%) were found to have various forms of thyroid dysfunction. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 10% and 2.5% among type 2 diabetics and controls respectively. Among the type 2 DM patients with thyroid dysfunction, 38.5% had hypothyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction was found to be commoner among type 2 DM patients than non-diabetic individuals with hypothyroidism being the commonest disorder.

Download Full-text

Increased frequency of idiopathic central precocious puberty in girls during the COVID-19 pandemic: preliminary results of a tertiary center study

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2021-0565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Sezer Acar ◽

Behzat Özkan

Keyword(s):

Precocious Puberty ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Central Precocious Puberty ◽

Pediatric Endocrinology ◽

Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty ◽

Tertiary Center ◽

One Year ◽

The One ◽

Endocrinology Clinic

Abstract Objectives Recent studies have demonstrated an increase in the frequency of idiopathic central precocious puberty (CPP) during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic. We compared the demographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics of idiopathic CPP patients diagnosed during a one-year period of the COVID-19 pandemic with the characteristics of patients diagnosed during the same period in the previous three-years. Methods Demographic, clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory data of all patients diagnosed in our Pediatric Endocrinology clinic with idiopathic CPP during a one-year period of the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020–March 2021) and a three-year period before the pandemic (April 2017–March 2020) were evaluated retrospectively. Results A total of 124 patients (124 girls, zero boys) diagnosed with idiopathic CPP were included in this study. Sixty-six patients in the three-year period before the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2017–March 2020) and 58 patients (46.8%) in the one-year period during the COVID-19 pandemic period (April 2020–March 2021) were diagnosed with idiopathic CPP. Conclusions This study’s findings suggest that the number of girls diagnosed with idiopathic CPP during the one-year study period during the pandemic was more than double that of any of the previous three-years.

Download Full-text

Erectile dysfunction in patients of diabetes mellitus: a cross sectional study

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20193165 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 2941

Author(s):

Anilkumar Bellad ◽

Kartik Sahu

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Mild Degree ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

History Of ◽

One Year

Background: One of the independent risk factor for erectile dysfunction is diabetes mellitus. The present study planned to determine the prevalence and factors associated with ED in DM.Methods: A one year cross-sectional study on a total of 208 patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes. National Institutes of Health (NIH) approved questionnaire for International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) was used to interview each patient to assess for ED.Results: In this study 12.98% of patients had ED score between 13 to 18 suggestive of mild to moderate ED and 9.62% with 19 to 24 scores suggestive of mild degree. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction was 32.21%. The mean age in patients with erectile dysfunction was significantly high (58.40±10.96 years) compared to those without erectile dysfunction (51.00±11.16 years) (p<0.001) Of the 119 patients with duration of diabetes between one to five years 42.02% had ED and of the 3 patients with duration of more than five years 66.67% had ED (p<0.001). Prevalence of ED was higher in patients with HbA1c levels between 7.0 to 8.5 (32.76%) and >8.5 (37.07%). Prevalence of erectile dysfunction was higher in patients with history of smoking (63.64%) (p<0.001) and alcohol intake (51.85%) (p<0.001). The prevalence of erectile dysfunction was also significantly high in patients with history of hypertension (59.7%) (p<0.001).Conclusions: The ED in patients with diabetes mellitus was significantly prevalent with age, duration of diabetes, history of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, glycemic control and hypertriglyceridemia.

Download Full-text

Study on Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2020/640 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (52) ◽

pp. 3142-3147

Author(s):

Senthil Chander ◽

Kalpana Dev Venkatesan ◽

Christina Mary Paul

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

General Medicine ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Endocrine Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patients With Diabetes

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading endocrine disorders worldwide. Thyroid dysfunction is a common endocrine disorder affecting the general population next to diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among patients with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS This analytical cross sectional study was conducted from June 2019 to Dec 2019. One hundred and fifty type–2 diabetes patients who attended the outpatient clinic of General Medicine Department, ACS Medical College and Hospital were included in the study. A detailed history and examination was done after getting informed consent. Blood samples were collected and sent to the laboratory for the evaluation of thyroid profile. RESULTS Thyroid dysfunction was found in 27 % of the patients with diabetes. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common thyroid dysfunction reported (14.7 %) followed by clinical hypothyroidism (10 %), subclinical hyperthyroidism (2 %) and clinical hyperthyroidism (0.6 %). CONCLUSIONS Thyroid dysfunction is common in patients with type-2 diabetes. A substantial proportion of the diabetic patients with thyroid dysfunction have subclinical hypothyroidism. Unidentified thyroid dysfunction could negatively impact diabetes and its complications. Therefore, early and routine screening of thyroid is recommended in all patients with diabetes to reduce the burden of the disease. KEYWORDS Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid Dysfunction, Hypothyroidism

Download Full-text

CAUSES OF DEATH IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS, THYROID DISORDERS AND OBESITY: A CLINICIAN’S PERSPECTIVE

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine ◽

10.19048/2411-8729-2018-4-4-13-21 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 13-21

Author(s):

E. G. Starostina

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Thyroid Disease ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Point Of View ◽

Endocrine Disorders ◽

Thyroid Disorders ◽

Associated Diseases ◽

Patients With Diabetes

The paper presents the point of view of an endocrinologist to causes of death in patients with most prevalent endocrine disorders, such as thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus and obesity. The author critically analyzes the trends of the last years in the principles of registration of causes of death in diabetes mellitus, emphasizing the need to differentiate between “associated diseases” and “etiologically related diseases”.

Download Full-text

Associations of hypertension Diabetes Smoking History and SNPs with Responses to Aflibercept Treatment for tAMD and PCV

Current Trends in Ophthalmology ◽

10.18314/ctoy.v2i1.1666 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 170-177

Author(s):

Tanaka K ◽

Furuya K ◽

Mori R ◽

Kawamura A ◽

Yuzawa M ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Initial Treatment ◽

Smoking History ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

History Of ◽

One Year ◽

The One

Purpose: To determine the correlation between therapeutic effects of IVA treatment on typical AMD (tAMD), and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and the history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking history and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).Methods: Prospective, interventional study. Subjects were assigned to 125 untreated patients with exudative AMD (tAMD: 58 patients, PCV: 67 patients, male: 91:34, mean age 73.4 years). Among the tAMD patients, there were 28 bimonthly injections 30 who received pro re nata (PRN) injections after three monthly injections. Among the PCV patients, 33 were treated with bimonthly injections and 34 received PRN injections after three monthly injections. Therapeutic effects were evaluated by best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (CCT), and exudative change after 3 months and 1 year from initial treatment, and also the history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and five SNPs (rs10490924, rs800292, rs699947, rs1061170, rs13278062).Results: Improvements of BCVA, CRT were observed in all groups at 1 year after initial treatment. The one-yearchange in CRT showed significant improvement in nonsmokers than smokers in tAMD. The one-year change in CRT indicated a significant improvement in non-diabetic patients in PCV. There was more exudation at both 3 months and 1 year who had smoking history in tAMD. With respect to the rs1061170 mutation of tAMD, in the case with TT type, significant residual exudation was noted at both 3 and 12 months.Conclusions: The history of smoking and diabetes could be influence to IVA treatment for AMD.

Download Full-text

Reevaluation of risk factors for time to subsequent events after first stroke occurrence using a new weighted all-cause effect measure

10.21203/rs.2.19014/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ann-Kathrin Ozga ◽

Bernhard Rauch ◽

Frederick Palm ◽

Christian Urbanek ◽

Armin Grau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Recurrent Stroke ◽

Composite Endpoint ◽

Hazard Ratio ◽

Specific Effects ◽

Index Stroke ◽

One Year ◽

The One

Abstract Background : Risk factors for stroke include atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and high cholesterol. However, the role of these factors on subsequent cardiovascular events or death is less clear due to therapeutic measures. We therefore aim to get insights into the persistence of known risk factors on subsequent stroke or death one year after the first stroke and to illustrate how the new weighted all-cause hazard ratio can ease the interpretation of competing time-to-event endpoints with different clinical relevance. Methods : This study evaluates the one year follow-up of 470 first ever stroke cases identified in the area of Ludwigshafen, Germany, with 23 deaths and 34 subsequent stroke events. The recently introduced weighted all-cause hazard ratio was used which allows a weighting of the competing endpoints in a composite endpoint. We extended this approach to allow adjustment for covariates. The investigated risk factors were atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hypercholesterolemia adjusting for age and sex. Results : None of these meanwhile treated risk factors of which some have been modified after first stroke remained to be associated with subsequent death or stroke. Cause-specific effects point sometimes into opposite directions. Conclusions : Using the new weighted hazard ratio, we can support that well established risk factors for the occurrence of an index stroke are no good predictors of further disease progress defined by death or recurrent stroke. It has been demonstrated that the new weighted hazard ratio provides interpretation advantages over the common all-cause hazard ratio.

Download Full-text