scholarly journals The Role of Platelet Indices in Prediction of Pre-eclampsia

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Walaa Abdelghafar Elbasuony ◽  
Hossam Abd el-mohsein Hodeib ◽  
Adel Elshahat Eljejawy ◽  
Karam Abd el-fattah Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Obstetric Care ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Group I ◽  
Gestational Week ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: The aim of this work is to investigate the diagnostic value of platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume (MPV), the PC to MPV ratio and platelet distribution width (PDW) for prediction of pre-eclampsia (PE). Subjects and Methods: This prospective cohort study included 100 pregnant women, in the first trimester of pregnancy attending to University Hospital, Obstetric Outpatient Clinic, for routine obstetric care from January 2019 to December 2019. Routine obstetric follow-up consists of monthly visits until 32nd gestational week, bimonthly visits between 32nd and 36th gestational week, and weekly thereafter. Patients were classified into two groups: group I: 9 pre-eclamptic patients and group II: non pre-eclamptic 91 patients. CBC indices were measured at each planned visit Results: PC, PC/MPV were significantly decreased, MPV and PDW were significantly increased in group I than group II at the 2nd part of pregnancy. To predict pre-eclampsia, PC at cut-off ≤214, sensitivity was 77.78, specificity was 76.92. MPV at cut-off >9.7, sensitivity was 77.78, specificity was 100.00, PC-MPV at cut-off ≤26.89, sensitivity was 88.89, specificity was 78.02. PDW at cut-off >10.4, sensitivity was 88.89, specificity was 54.95. Conclusion: The increase in the MPV and PDW and the decrease in PC and PC/MPV were observed in preeclampsia. Thus, the platelet indices which are easily available, as well as economical, can also be used in the prediction and early diagnosis of preeclampsia.

scholarly journals A Study to Evaluate Use of Platelet Indices in Hyperdestructive Thrombocytopenia: A Two-year Experience from Tertiary Care Rural Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roniya Francis ◽  
Shruthi N Shetageri ◽  
Roopa A N ◽  
S R Raja Parthiban
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Destruction ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Thrombocytopenia is one of the most common causes of abnormal bleeding and is defined as platelet counts < 1.5 lakhs/cumm. Three processes can cause thrombocytopenia, namely: Deficient platelet production, accelerated platelet destruction, and abnormal pooling of the platelets within the body. Of these, accelerated platelet destruction is the most common cause for thrombocytopenia and has variety of etiologies. The usefulness of bone marrow analysis in assessing accelerated platelet destruction is still debated. Therefore, a new simple and non-invasive diagnostic approach for thrombocytopenia is needed. Aims and Objectives: The present study was done with an aim to evaluate the use of platelet indices, namely, mean platelet volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), and Platelet Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR) in differentiating the various causes of hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted over a period of 2 years and consisted of 206 cases of hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia. After recording relevant clinical details, platelet count along with platelet indices – MPV, PDW, and P-LCR was recorded. Based on the etiopathology identified, cases were categorized into three groups: Group I: Immunologic – cases of Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), Group II: Non-immune: Cases of sepsis and other non-immune causes of platelet destruction, and Group III: Viral and parasitic infections. Platelet indices were compared between the study groups and the control group which included 100 healthy individuals. Comparison was done among the three study groups as well. Results & Conclusions: Dengue accounted for the highest number of 131 (89.72%) cases in the study. MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly higher (P < 0.0001) when compared to the healthy controls except P-LCR in Group II. A statistically significant increase in MPV was noted among ITP cases when compared to other causes of thrombocytopenia. There wa

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of β-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin, Progesterone, and Ischemia-Modified Albumin and Their Combined Use in the Prediction of First Trimester Abortions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mehmet A. Osmanağaoğlu ◽  
S. Caner Karahan ◽  
Turhan Aran ◽  
Süleyman Güven ◽  
Elif Turgut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Missed Abortion ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin ◽  
Group I ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. To investigate serum levels of free β-HCG, progesterone, and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and their combined use in the prediction of first trimester abortions. Methods. A total of 156 pregnant women between 5 and 13 weeks of gestational age were included in this study. At admission, serum levels of free β-HCG, progesterone, and IMA were noted and all cases were divided into two groups; Group I (n=77) resulted in abortion including missed abortion, incomplete/complete abortion, and inevitable abortion whereas Group II (n=79) included normal pregnancies. Results. Compared to Group II, the significantly decreased value of free β-HCG progesterone and significantly increased value of IMA were found in Group I (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01, resp.). When combining all three parameters, sensitivity 75%, specificity 99%, PPV 98%, and NPV 76% were obtained. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed the free β-HCG, progesterone, and IMA independent factors in the prediction of abortions. Conclusions. The combined use of free β-HCG, progesterone, and IMA levels can be useful in the prediction of first trimester spontaneous abortions.

Correlations Between the Values of Maternal Glycemia from the Last Trimester of Pregnancy and Fetal Birth Weight

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
Monica Vereş ◽  
Aurel Babeş ◽  
Szidonia Lacziko
Keyword(s):  
First Trimester ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fetal Macrosomia ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group I ◽  
Fetal Birth Weight ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and aims: Gestational diabetes represents a form of diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly overt diabetes. In the last trimester of gestation the growth of fetoplacental unit takes place, thus maternal hyperglycemia will determine an increased transplacental passage, hyperinsulinemia and fetal macrosomia. The aim of our study was that o analyzing the effect of maternal glycemia from the last trimester of pregnancy over fetal weight. Material and method: We run an observational study on a group of 46 pregnant women taken into evidence from the first trimester of pregnancy, separated in two groups according to blood glucose determined in the third trimester (before birth): group I normoglycemic and group II with hyperglycemia (>92mg/dl). Results: The mean value of third trimester glycemia for the entire group was of 87.13±22.03. The mean value of the glycemia determined in the third trimester of pregnancy was higher in the second group (109.17 mg/dl) in comparison to the first group (74.,21 mg/dl). The ROC curve for third trimester glycemia as fetal macrosomia appreciation test has an AUC of 0.517. Conclusions: Glycemia determined in the last trimester of pregnancy cannot be used alone as the predictive factor for fetal macrosomia.

Androgen secretion in women with threatened miscarriage

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
М.М. Amiraslanova ◽  
◽  
I.V. Kuznetsova ◽  
E.P. Gitel ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
The Third ◽  
Threatened Miscarriage ◽  
Group I ◽  
Androgen Secretion ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. To assess androgen secretion and its possible effect on pregnancy in women with threatened miscarriage in the first trimester. Patients and methods. This prospective observational study included 120 pregnant women divided into four groups. Group I comprised 32 patients with threatened miscarriage and hyperandrogenism who received corticosteroids; Group II was composed of 28 patients with threatened miscarriage and hyperandrogenism who did not receive corticosteroids; Group III included 30 patients with threatened miscarriage and no hyperandrogenism; and Group IV comprised 30 women with normal pregnancy. Serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), and total testosterone were measured on the following weeks of gestation: 5–8, 9–12, 13–18, 19–24, and 25–32. We also evaluated clinical outcomes of pregnancy. Results. We observed no significant differences in 17-ОНР and DHEA-S secretion between women from Group III and controls. Patients from Group II demonstrated higher hormone levels than controls; however, their dynamics of 17-ОНР and testosterone secretion was similar to that in women without hyperandrogenism, so their DHEA-S levels decreased and reached control values by the third trimester. Corticosteroids reduced 17-ONR secretion in the second and third trimesters and DHEA-S secretion in the third trimester. Women receiving corticosteroids demonstrated the poorest clinical pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion. Hyperandrogenism should be considered as one of the risk factors for poor pregnancy outcomes. Administration of corticosteroids to reduce androgen levels impairs normal dynamics of their secretion, does not improve pregnancy outcomes, and is potentially harmful; therefore, these drugs should not be used for such purposes. Key words: pregnancy, hyperandrogenism, corticosteroid therapy, pregnancy outcomes, pregnancy loss, androgen secretion, threatened miscarriage

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN THE EFFECT OF HISTAMINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS OF TYPE II (FAMOTIDINE) AND PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (OMEPRAZOLE) ON THE EFFICACY OF CALCIUM CARBONATE AS PHOSPHATE BINDER IN HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Hossam Aboelyazeed ◽  
Sahar El-haggar ◽  
Kamal Okasha
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Phosphate Binder ◽  
Renal Dialysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Pre Treatment

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of famotidine versus omeprazole on the efficacy of calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder in the hemodialysis patient.Methods: From February 2014 to June 2014 a total number of 64 patients of both sexes were recruited from the department of renal dialysis, Tanta University Hospital, Egypt. Patients categorized into 3 groups. Group I (control group) consisted of 20 Patients (10) females and (10) males take calcium carbonate (caco3) (2.5–4 g/d) only, Group II consisted of 21 Patients (13) females and (8) males take the same dose of caco3 with famotidine 10 mg/d and Group III consisted of 23 Patients (8) females and (15) male take the same dose caco3 with omeprazole 20 mg/d.Results: All data are expressed as the mean±SD. Group II showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in serum phosphorus at 3rd mo with significant decreased (p<0.05) in serum calcium comparing with pre-treatment. Group III showed no significant change (p>0.05) in serum calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone (PTH) comparing with pre-treatment. Both groups (II and III) showed a significant decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p<0.05).Conclusion: Co-administration of famotidine with calcium carbonate aggravates hyperphosphatemia and this may increase the incidence of complications. The efficacy of calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder was not affected by co-administration of omeprazole.

Urinary Chorionic Gonadotrophin Determination

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 577-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Watson
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Routine Method ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Missed Abortion ◽  
Abnormal Pregnancy ◽  
Endogenous Production ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Abstract Successful laboratory tests for early pregnancy utilize the endogenous production and excretion of chorionic gonadotrophin (CG). There is wide variation in sensitivity and specificity of various biological and commercially available immunochemical methods for determining urinary CG levels. Normal values for immunochemically reactive CG during the first trimester of pregnancy are given. Serial determinations of CG have diagnostic value in assessing various abnormal pregnancy states. An abnormally increased urinary output of CG is observed in some neoplasms—e.g., chorionepithelioma, and a rapidly rising CG level is strongly suggestive of molar pregnancy. Urinary CG levels falling below the normal range mayindicate an ectopic pregnancy or an inevitable, incomplete, or "missed" abortion. The immunochemical CG determination also offers a sensitive, simple, and convenient routine method for following patients who have been treated for hydatidiformmole or chorionepithelioma.

Effects of the dopamine agonist cabergoline in patients with prolactinoma intolerant or resistant to bromocriptine

1996 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Delgrange ◽  
Dominique Maiter ◽  
Julian Donckier
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dopamine Agonist ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group I ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Long Acting

Delgrange E, Maiter D, Donckier J. Effects of the dopamine agonist cabergoline in patients with prolactinoma intolerant or resistant to bromocriptine. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;134:454–6. ISSN 0804–4643 Cabergoline is a new long-acting ergoline derivative used to treat hyperprolactinaemia. Its effect was assessed in 10 patients (eight women and two men) with prolactinoma who were intolerant (group I; N = 7) or resistant (group II; N = 3) to bromocriptine. In group I, no side effect was observed on cabergoline therapy; two patients became pregnant and normoprolactinaemia was achieved in the five others. In group II, cabergoline was active and well-tolerated in two out of the three patients: one woman had three consecutive pregnancies; in another patient normoprolactinaemia was restored and the tumour shrank by 60%; in the third patient cabergoline was discontinued because of side effects and inefficacy. Thus, cabergoline appears to be an alternative of choice as treatment of hyper-prolactinaemic patients who are intolerant or resistant to bromocriptine. Julian Donckier, Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, University Hospital UCL of Mont-Godinne, B-5530 Yvoir, Belgium

scholarly journals A role of comprehensive cervix assessment in the first trimester of pregnancy for predicting preterm delivery

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
V. G. Volkov ◽  
O. V. Chursina
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Delivery Term ◽  
Group 1

Aim: to improve efficacy of predicting preterm labor in the first trimester of pregnancy by combining diverse parameters of cervical ultrasound examination.Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study of 1517 women with uncomplicated pregnancy was performed. Inclusion criteria were: females underwent cervicometry at 11–14 weeks of gestation, singleton pregnancy, revealing no complaints at the onset of examination. All women were subdivided into four groups: Group 1 – 27 pregnant women with shortened cervix (less than 30 mm); Group 2 – 24 pregnant women without cervical gland area (СGA); Group 3 – 30 pregnant women with two risk factors (shortened cervix less than 30 mm and lacked СGA); Group 4 (control) consisted of 1436 pregnant women with cervix length exceeding 30 mm and presence of СGA.Results. Average delivery term in Group 1 was 35.7 weeks (95 % CI = 34.7–36.8), in Group 2 – 34.7 weeks (95 % CI = 33.59–35.0), in Group 3 – 33.23 weeks (95 % CI = 31.6–34.8), in Group 4 (control) – 38.11 weeks (95 % CI = 38.06–38.17). A significant moderate correlation (Rxy = 0.534) between shortened cervix, absence of СGA and delivery term was found (p < 0.001). A regression model consisting of cervical length and presence of СGA was simulated based upon 50.8 % factors underlying probability of preterm birth, revealing 42.6 % sensitivity, 99.1 % specificity, and 96.6 % overall diagnostic value. The area under the ROC curve was 0.902 ± 0.022 (95 % CI = 0.860–0.945). The data obtained reflect diverse biochemical changes such as collagen decomposition, altered glucosamine level and fluid amount within cervical tissues. Such processes result in shortened, softened and expanded (matured) cervix. Uncovering markers for preterm cervical maturation underlies a logical strategy to predict miscarriage.Conclusion. Untrasound cervical measurement in the first trimester of pregnancy allows for revealing valuable miscarriage predictors (shortened cervix and absence of GI). Risk assessment by combining diverse ultrasound cervix parameters would allow to improve overall predictive efficacy.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of Chest CT and Initial Real-Time RT-PCR in COVID-19 Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Kostakoglu ◽  
Aydın Kant ◽  
Serhat Atalar ◽  
Barış Ertunç ◽  
Şükrü Erensoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Pcr Test

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic value of the rtRT-PCR test and CT in patients presenting with typical clinical symptoms of COVID-19. Methods: The study with the participation of four center in Turkey was performed retrospectively from 20 March-15 April 2020 in 203 patients confirmed for COVID-19. The initial rtRT-PCR test was positive in 142 (70.0%) of the patients (Group-I) and negative in 61 patients (Group-II). Results: The mean age of the patients in Group-I was 49.7±18.0 years and the time between the onset of symptoms and admission to the hospital was 3.6±2.0 days; whereas the same values for the patients in Group-II were 58.1±19.9 and 5.3±4.2, respectively (p=0.004; p=0.026). Initial rtRT-PCR was found positive with 83.5% sensitivity and 74.1% PPV in patients with symptom duration of less than five days. It was found that rtRT-PCR positivity correlated negatively with the presence of CT findings, age, comorbidity, shortness of breath, and symptom duration, while rtRT-PCR positivity correlated positively with headache. Presence of CT findings was positively correlated with age, comorbidity, shortness of breath, fever, and the symptom duration. Conclusions: It should be noted that a negative result in the rtRT-PCR test does not rule out the possibility of COVID-19 diagnosis in patients whose symptom duration is longer than five days, who are elderly with comorbidities and in particular who present with fever and shortness of breath. In these patients, typical CT findings are diagnostic for COVID-19. A normal chest CT is no reason to loosen up measures of isolation in patients with newly beginning symptoms until the results are obtained from the PCR test. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2956 How to cite this:Kostakoglu U, Kant A, Atalar S, Ertunc B, Erensoy S, Dalmanoglu E, et al. Diagnostic value of Chest CT and Initial Real-Time RT-PCR in COVID-19 Infection. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):-234-238. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2956 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the endotoxicosis indices in patients, suffering extended purulent peritonitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
А. Ya. Pavliak ◽  
О. V. Pyptiuk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Quantitative Indices ◽  
Terminal Stage ◽  
Group I ◽  
Purulent Peritonitis ◽  
Group Ii

Objective. To investigate the endotoxicosis indices dynamics in patients, suffering extended purulent peritonitis (EPP) during the treatment process. Маterials and methods. In the investigation 39 patients, suffering EPP in terminal stage, were included. Quantitative contents of endotoxin in the blood serum (the amoebacytes lysate Limulus) was determined in dynamics, using LAL-test, and the patient’s state severity was estimated, basing on clinical and laboratory indices. Hospital lethality have characterized the disease course. Results. In patients with positive clinical dynamics (Group I) the average quantitative indices of endotoxicosis have lowered trustworthily (р=0.0001). In the patients, who died (Group II), the endotoxicosis quantitative indices dynamics were trustworthily higher, comparing with average indices in patients of Group I (р < 0.05). Conclusion. Еndotoxicosis, measuring more 5 еndotoxic units in 1 ml of the blood serum, during 3 postoperative days constitutes one of indications for reoperation. LAL-test in patients, suffering EPP, has statistically significant prognostic and diagnostic value, what substantiates recommendation for its application as indicator of the pathological process course.

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