scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Beasat Hospital in Sanandaj, West of Iran

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Nasrin Bahmani ◽  
Noshin Abdolmaleki ◽  
Afshin Bahmani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli

Background and Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequent infectious diseases which is caused by Gram-negative bacteria especially Escherichia coli. Multiple resistance to antimicrobial agents are increasing quickly in E. coli isolates and may complicate therapeutic strategies for UTI. The propose of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns and the multidrug-resistance (MDR) phenotypes in uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). Materials and Methods: A total of 153 UPEC isolates were collected from both hospitalized patients (95 isolates) and outpatients (58 isolates) from March to October 2018. In order to determine the MDR among UPEC isolates, we have tested 15 antimicrobial agents on Muller Hinton agar by the disk diffusion method. Results: The percentage of MDR isolates (resistant to at least three drug classes such as fluoroquinolones, penicillins and cephalosporins) was 55.5% in the hospitalized patients and the outpatients. Antibiotic resistance to ampicillin, ceftazidime, nalidixic acid and trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole was higher than 60%. Meropenem, Imipenem and norfloxacin indicated markedly greater activity (93.3%, 80% and 85.6%, respectively) than other antimicrobial agents. Conclusions: Urinary tract infection due to MDR E. coli may be difficult to treat empirically due to high resistance to commonly used antibiotics, so, empirical antibiotic treatment should be reviewed periodically at local studies.

scholarly journals The Dissemination of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) and Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR) among Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) Isolates from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Babylon Province, Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0986
Author(s):  
Al-Hasnawy Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community settings. Rapid detection in clinical laboratories is essential for the judicious recognition of antimicrobial resistant organisms. So, the growth of Uropathgenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-resistant (XDR) profiles that thwart therapy for (UTIs) has been detected and has straight squeezed costs and extended hospital stays. This study aims to detect MDR- and XDR-UPEC isolates. Out of 42 UPEC clinical isolates were composed from UTI patients. The bacterial strains were recognized by standard laboratory protocols. Susceptibility to antibiotic was measured by the standard disk diffusion method Out of 42 Uropathogenic E. coli, 37 (88.09%) were found to be MDR while 5 isolates (11.90%) were XDR. The present study concluded high prevalence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolated from urinary tract infection in Babylon province – Iraq.

ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM CHILDREN WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
YOGESH OLI ◽  
GANESH BHANDARI ◽  
UPASHANA BHANDARI ◽  
SUNITA BISTA ◽  
AMRIT KUMAR BHATTARAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli

Objective: This work aimed to detect the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli isolated from children, as it is the most predominant pathogen of urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods: About 530 urine samples were collected and tested using the modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method to find the susceptibility pattern of isolated bacteria. Results: Out of a total of 530 samples, 114 (21.50%) showed significant growth. A total of 8 different types of bacteria were isolated from the growth of positive samples. Among the isolates, E. coli 66 (57.8%) was found to be the most predominant organism followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 18(15.8%), Proteus spp. 10 (8.8%), Staphylococcus aureus 8 (7.0%), Acinetobacter spp. 4 (3.5%), CoNS 4 (3.5%), Enterobacter spp. 2 (1.8%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 (1.8%). In the present study, out of 66 E. coli, 37 (56.1%) were multidrug-resistant strain. E. coli showed 94.0% resistance to ceftriaxone followed by ceftazidime 86.5% and cefotaxime 70.3%. Imipenem (91.9%) followed by amikacin (89.2%) seems to be the effective drug against UTI causing E. coli in children. Conclusion: Multidrug resistance may possess difficulties with the choice of therapeutic options for the treatment of severe infections.

scholarly journals Multiple-Antibiotic Resistance Mediated by Plasmids and Integrons in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taslima Taher Lina ◽  
Sabita Rezwana Rahman ◽  
Donald James Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
High Rate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1

Antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infection (UTI) is a growing public health problem in the world. In this study, a total of 182 uropathogens were isolated from patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). Escherichia coli (88%) was the most prevalent isolate, while Klebsiella pneumoniae was recovered from 12% cases. The male/female ratio was 1:3. About 56% female and 51% male patients belonged to the age group >40 years. The antibiotic resistance rates of the isolates to fifteen different drugs were investigated. E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed variable pattern of susceptibility. The percentage of resistance to different drugs was higher in E. coli isolates compared to that of K. pneumoniae. Among the total number of isolates about 87% were resistant to at least three commonly used antibiotics. All the isolates were sensitive to imipenem. Analysis of the plasmid DNA had shown that the plasmid pattern was very diverse in both E. coli and K. pneumoniae. All the isolates contained multiple numbers of plasmid ranging from 1.0 to >140 MDa. Middleranged plasmids (30 to 80 MDa), the transferable resistance plasmids, were found to be present in 86% E. coli and 85% K. pneumoniae isolates. The strong association observed between plasmid profiles and drug resistance patterns suggest that plasmids other than the common plasmids may have epidemiological significance. The presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons were also investigated. A relatively high occurrence of class 1 integrons, that are associated with lateral transfer of antibacterial resistance genes, was observed in K. pneumoniae (88%) than in E. coli isolates (54%). Class 2 integrons were not found in any of the E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates. These results show the high rate of drug resistance and the presence of high rate of transferable elements in these MDR isolates. Keywords: Uropathogens, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, Plasmid profiles, IntegronsDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1231 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp 19-23

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance and virulence genes of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from tropical estuary, south India

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 496-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Sukumaran ◽  
Abdulla A Mohamed Hatha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Factor Genes

Introduction: Escherichia coli strains can cause a variety of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains have the ability to cause severe extraintestinal infections. Multidrug resistance among ExPEC could complicate human infections. Methodology: Escherichia coli strains were isolated during the period of January 2010 to December 2012 from five different stations set at Cochin estuary. Susceptibility testing was determined by the disk-diffusion method using nine different antimicrobial agents. A total of 155 strains of Escherichia coli were screened for the presence of virulence factor genes including papAH, papC, sfa/focDE, iutA,and kpsMT II associated with ExPEC. Results: Among the 155 E. coli isolates, 26 (16.77%), carried two or more virulence genes typical of ExPEC. Furthermore, 19.23% of the ExPEC isolates with multidrug resistance were identified to belong to phylogenetic groups B2 and D. Statistically significant association of iutA gene in ExPEC was found with papC (p < 0.001) and kpsMT II (p < 0.001) genes. ExPEC isolates were mainly resistant to ampicillin (23.07%), tetracycline (19.23%), co-trimoxazole (15.38%), and cefotaxime (15.38%). The adhesion genes papAH and sfa/focDE were positively associated with resistance to gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and cefotaxime (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Co-occurrence of virulence factor genes with antibiotic resistance among ExPEC poses considerable threat to those who use this aquatic system for a living and for recreation.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract Infection in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Kettani Halabi ◽  
Fatima Azzahra Lahlou ◽  
Idrissa Diawara ◽  
Younes El Adouzi ◽  
Rabiaa Marnaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) lend resistance to most β-lactam antibiotics. Because of limited treatment options, ESBL-EC infections are generally more difficult to treat, leading to higher hospital costs, reduced rates of microbiological and clinical responses, and a threat to the patient’s life. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of ESBL-EC isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in Morocco. This retrospective laboratory-based study was conducted at Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, from January 2016 to June 2019. A total of 670 urine samples were collected from urinary tract infection patients and processed by standard microbiological methods. In vitro susceptibility testing to different antibiotics of all identified isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was performed following Kirby–Bauer’s disc diffusion method on Mueller–Hinton Agar according to the EUCAST standards. The reviewing of ESBL-EC was confirmed by the appearance of a characteristically shaped zone referred to as a “champagne cork” using the Combined Disk Test. Among a total of 438 E. coli isolated from nonrepetitive urine samples, two hundred fifty-nine (59%) were ESBL-EC, of which 200 (77%) were isolated from adult patients (over the age of 50) and the majority were female. All ESBL-EC isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and quinolones and sensitive to carbapenem and fosfomycin. Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance patterns in ESBL-EC, the major pathogen associated with urinary tract infection, is indispensable as a guide in choosing empirical antimicrobial treatment.

scholarly journals Prevalence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM Genes in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated From Urinary Tract Infection Samples of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit in Qom, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Sadat Lesani ◽  
Mohammad Soleimani ◽  
Pegah Shakib ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Escherichia coli is considered as one of the causes of opportunistic infections. Nowadays, due to the increase in drug resistance, the treatment of these infections has become very difficult and they are recognized as the main causes of death in hospitalized patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes in E. coli strains isolated from the urinary tract infection in patients in Intensive Care Units of three different hospitals in Qom, Iran. Methods: This study was conducted in three months from October to December 2014. A total of 200 E. coli samples were taken from the patients with urinary tract infections in Intensive Care units of Qom hospital. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility pattern of antibiotic and phenotypic confirmatory tests for screening of the expanded spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) isolates. The presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes was evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: Of 200 samples, ampicillin (96%) and nitrofurantoin (19.5%) showed the highest and lowest drug resistance, respectively. A total of 156 isolates (78%) were identified as ESBLs using the phenotypic method. Moreover, 76 (38%), 90 (45%), and 123 (61.5%) isolates consisted of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, the findings of this study showed that blaTEM was the most common gene with a frequency of 61.5% in ESBL E. coli.

scholarly journals Occurrence of urinary tract infection among children attending Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Center, Pokhara, Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Gautam ◽  
S Regmi ◽  
NT Magar ◽  
B Subedi ◽  
T Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tract Infections

INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered as the most common bacterial infectious disease seen among the pediatric patients. Most commonly, members of Enterobacteriaceae, particularly uropathogenic strains of E. coli and Enterobacter spp. are the primary causative pathogens of UTI in the different part of the world. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance rates among pathogens recovered from urinary tract infections is an increasing problem in the specific region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prevalence and anti microbial susceptibility pattern of the bacterial uropathogens isolated from the children attending Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Reserch Center (GMC) Nepal. A total of 155 children aged upto 15 years were included in this study. Urine cultures were carried out and the isolates were identified by Gram staining and conventional biochemical methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). RESULTS: In the present study 21.3 % of the sample size, showed significant bacterial growth. E. coli was the most frequently occurring pathogen (39.40%), followed by Proteus spp. 21.2%, Citrobacter spp. and Streptococcus faecalis (12.1%) Klebsiella spp. (9.1%), and Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter (3.0%). Susceptibility rate of E. coli were 69.2% to Gentamycin and Amikacin, 53.8% to Norfloxacin, 38.4% to Nalidixic acid and Norfloxacin. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric urine culture isolates were becoming increasingly resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Finally, we suggest that empirical antibiotic selection should be based on knowledge of the local prevalence of bacterial organisms and antibiotic sensitivities rather than on universal guidelines. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijim.v2i3.8665   Int J Infect Microbiol 2013;2(3):82-86

scholarly journals Study of antimicrobial effect of some plants of Lamiaceae family on Escherichia coli species isolated from children with urinary tract infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Emad Momtaz ◽  
Shirin Moradkhan ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani ◽  
Farzaneh Esnaashari ◽  
Mojdeh Afkhami
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
E Coli

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) has a high prevalence in children. It is an important cause of renal scar, chronic renal disease, failure to thrive and hypertension. The unnecessary consumption of antibiotics results in the bacterial resistance to most common drugs. In addition, possible drug allergic reaction and side effects should be considered. Therefore, finding new antimicrobial compounds is necessary. Objectives: In this study, the antimicrobial effect of some plants of Lamiaceae family on Escherichia coli in comparison with common antibiotics used in UTI was investigated. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the hydroalcoholic extract of 13 plant species from Lamiaceae family were prepared and their antimicrobial effects were assessed by the agar well diffusion method. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were investigated using the serial dilution method. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) of the growth of E. coli was compared between the studied extracts and five most common antibiotics in the treatment of UTI. Results: The mean diameter of ZOI was significantly higher for amikacin than the studied extracts and other antibiotics. Among the herbal extracts, the highest ZOI was observed for Nepeta crispa. In addition, the MIC and MBC of N. crispa were significantly lower than other extracts. Conclusion: According to the side effects and relatively high cost of chemical and synthetic drugs, use of herbal extracts, such as N. crispa may be recommended as an alternative treatment of UTI with E. coli. The results of present study are promising to introduce new candidates in the treatment of UTI.

scholarly journals Retracted: Occurrence of Multidrug Resistance Escherichia coli and Other Bacteria Species Associated with Urinary Tract Infection in Two Geopolitical Zones of Ondo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Titilayo Modupe Waire ◽  
Timothy Olubisi Adejumo ◽  
Festus Abiose Olajubu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Retraction Notice ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection known to affect different parts of the urinary tract of both male and female. Escherichia coli has been found to be responsible for causing 80% to 90% of the infection. An investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence of bacteria, especially E. coli implicated in UTI, and to ascertain their antibiotics susceptibility pattern. Early morning mid-stream urine samples were collected from 250 patients aged 18 to 60 years, between March and July of 2016 from 5 major Hospitals in the study location. The isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods and susceptibility tests were carried out using ten antibiotics. Results showed that 65(30.7%) of the isolates were E. coli. Followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 45(21.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 42(19.8%), Staphylococcus aureus 32(15.1%) and Proteus mirabilis 28(13.2%). The percentages of resistance of E. coli isolates to antimicrobial agents were chloramphenicol (64.9%), sparfloxacin (59.5%), ciprofloxacin (73.0%), septrin (73.0%), amoxacillin (91.9%), augmentin (83.8%), gentamycin (48.7%), perfloxacin (40.5%), ofloxacin (40.5%) and streptomycin (54.1%). The need for constant antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance by health managements system that will help clinicians to provide safe and effective therapy is advocated. Retraction Notice: This paper has been retracted from the journal. This journal is determined to promote integrity in research publication. This retraction is in spirit of the same. After formal procedures editor(s) and publisher have retracted this paper on 10th July 2019. Related policy is available here: http://goo.gl/lI77Nn

scholarly journals Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli is associated with antibiotic resistance and urinary tract infection symptomatology

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11726
Author(s):  
Verónica I. Martínez-Santos ◽  
María Ruíz-Rosas ◽  
Arturo Ramirez- Peralta ◽  
Oscar Zaragoza García ◽  
Luis Armando Resendiz-Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

Background Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the causative agent of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in ambulatory patients. However, enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), an emergent bacterial pathogen that causes persistent diarrhoea, has recently been associated with UTIs. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of EAEC virulence genes, antibiotic resistance, as well as biofilm production of UPEC isolates obtained from ambulatory patients with non-complicated UTIs that attended to the ISSSTE clinic in Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico, and correlate these with the patients’ urinary tract infection symptomatology. Methods One hundred clinical isolates were obtained. The identification of clinical isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) production were performed using the Vitek automated system. Assignment of E. coli phylogenetic groups was performed using the quadruplex phylo-group assignment PCR assay. UPEC virulence genes (hlyA, fimH, papC, iutA, and cnf1) and EAEC virulence genes (aap, aggR, and aatA) were detected by multiple PCR. Results We found that 22% of the isolates carried the aggR gene and were classified as UPEC/EAEC. The main phylogenetic group was B2 (44.1% were UPEC and 77.27% UPEC/EAEC isolates, respectively). Over half of the UPEC/EAEC isolates (63.64%) were obtained from symptomatic patients, however the aatA gene was the only one found to be associated with the risk of developing pyelonephritis (OR = 5.15, p = 0.038). A total of 77.71% of the UPEC/EAEC isolates were ESBL producers and 90.91% multidrug-resistant (MDR). In conclusion, UPEC/EAEC isolates are more frequent in symptomatic patients and the aatA gene was associated with a higher risk of developing pyelonephritis, along with UPEC genes hlyA and cfn1. UPEC/EAEC isolates obtained from UTI showed ESBL production and MDR.

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