Determination of Total Protein, Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase Activity and Lipid Peroxidation in Soil Macro-fauna (Earthworm) from Onitsha Municipal Open Waste Dump

Rats fed a galactose-rich diet have been used for several years as a model for diabetes to study, particularly in the eye, the effects of excess blood hexoses. This study sought to determine the utility of galactosemia as a model for oxidative stress in extraocular tissues by examining biomarkers of oxidative stress in galactose-fed rats and experimentally-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: experimental control; streptozotocin-induced diabetic; insulin-treated diabetic; and galactose-fed. The rats were maintained on these regimens for 30 days, at which point the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as levels of lipid peroxidation and reduced and oxidized glutathione were determined in heart, liver, and kidney. This study indicates that while there are some similarities between galactosemic and diabetic rats in these measured indices of oxidative stress (hepatic catalase activity levels and hepatic and renal levels of oxidized glutathione in both diabetic and galactosemic rats were significantly decreased when compared to normal), overall the galactosemic rat model is not closely parallel to the diabetic rat model in extra-ocular tissues. In addition, several effects of diabetes (increased hepatic glutathione peroxidase activity, increased superoxide dismutase activity in kidney and heart, decreased renal and increased cardiac catalase activity) were not mimicked in galactosemic rats, and glutathione concentration in both liver and heart was affected in opposite ways in diabetic rats and galactose- fed rats. Insulin treatment reversed/prevented the activity changes in renal and cardiac superoxide dismutase, renal and cardiac catalase, and hepatic glutathione peroxidase as well as the hepatic changes in lipid peroxidation and reduced and oxidized glutathione, and the increase in cardiac glutathione. Thus, prudence should be exercised in the use of experimentally galactosemic rats as a model for diabetes until the correspondence of the models has been more fully characterized.

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Haematological and biochemical toxicity induced by methanol in rats: Ameliorative effects of Opuntia vulgaris fruit extract

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327111403175 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 30 (12) ◽

pp. 1963-1971 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mongi Saoudi ◽

Samira Jebahi ◽

Kamel Jamoussi ◽

Ghada Ben Salah ◽

Choumous Kallel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Total Protein ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Treated Group ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Serum Total Protein ◽

Potential Source ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

The ameliorative effects of Opuntia vulgaris fruit extract (OE) were evaluated against methanol-induced haematological and biochemical toxicity in rats. The methanol-induced haematological and biochemical perturbation significantly decreased the levels of red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (Ht), serum total protein and increased glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in serum. Treatment of rats with methanol significantly increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) level and decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in erythrocytes. OE treatment could increase significantly the levels of RBC, Hb, Ht and total protein, and decrease glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in serum, and increase the activities of SOD, CAT and GPx in erythrocytes, when compared with methanol-treated group. Spleen histopathology showed that OE could significantly reduce the incidence of spleen lesion induced by methanol. These results suggested that OE could exhibit a potential source of natural antioxidants against methanol-induced haematological and biochemical disruption in rats. The protective effects of OE may be due to the modulation of antioxidant enzymes activities and inhibition of LPO.

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Protective Effect of Dorema glabrum on Induced Oxidative Stress by Diazinon in Hippocampus of Rat

International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review ◽

10.9734/ijbcrr/2019/v25i330077 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mina Adampourezare ◽

Parisa Sistani ◽

Homeira Hatami Nemati

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Pre Treatment

Introduction: Diazinon (DZN) administration produces lipid peroxidation as an indicator of oxidative stress in the brain. Some medicinal plants such as Dorema glabrum has antioxidant properties, so can be used as an antioxidant that may protect neurons from oxidative stress. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of D. glabrum against DZN-induced oxidative stress in hippocampus. Methods: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. The rats randomly were divided into four groups including a control group, and two groups received different doses of D. glabrum (40 and 80 mg/kg) as pre-treatment for 21 days with DZN (100 mg/Kg) that was injected intraperitoneally (ip) in last day of D. glabrum usage, and one group received only DZN. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), which are the indicators of lipid peroxidation, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) were determined in the ratsʼ hippocampus. Results: Administration of DZN significantly increased TBARS levels and superoxide dismutase activity and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity but there were no significant changes in catalase activity in the hippocampus. Combined D. glabrum and DZN treatment, caused a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase, a significant decrease of TBARS and a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase and again no significant changes in catalase activity in the rats’ hippocampus when compared to the rats treated with DZN. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that D. glabrum had an amelioratory effect on oxidative stress induced by DZN.

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Toxic Effect of Glyphosate-Pesticide on Lipid Peroxidation Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase of Clarias Gariepinus

Scientific Review ◽

10.32861/sr.63.23.27 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 23-27

Author(s):

Helen Nwamba Ogochukwu ◽

Cosmas Ezekaibeya Achikanu

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Average Weight ◽

Colorimetric Analysis ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Stress Indices

The oxidative stress indices lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in juvenile Clarias gariepinus (average weight 200.15 g) exposed to sub - lethal dose 2.40mg/L and 4.98mg/L of glyphosate was investigated over a period of days 1,5,10 and 15 in three replicates. The colorimetric analysis showed increase in lipid peroxidation from 4.55 ±2.14a1 to 12.12± 10.00a1at 2.40mg/L but remain the same at 4.98mg/L (4.55±2.14a1) compared with control (3.03±0.01a1 to 1.51±2.14b1) from day 1 to 15. The SOD activity decreased significantly with time and concentration compared with control. The Catalase activity at day 15 decreased to 0.17±0.05a1 in 2.40mg/L but further increased to 0.28±0.05b1 in 4.98mg/L compared to 0.28±0.02a1 catalase activity as control. The result suggests that glyphosate induce oxidative stress that may overwhelm the antioxidant system in juvenile catfish especially at higher concentrations with long exposure.

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Determination of glutation peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in canine seminal plasma and its relation with sperm quality and lipid peroxidation post thaw

Theriogenology ◽

10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.07.004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 10-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

V.R. Neagu ◽

B. Macías García ◽

A. Morillo Rodríguez ◽

C. Ortega Ferrusola ◽

J.M. Gallardo Bolaños ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Seminal Plasma ◽

Sperm Quality

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Oxidative stress, hemoglobin content, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity influenced by sulphur baths and mud packs in patients with osteoarthritis

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp1007573j ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 67 (7) ◽

pp. 573-578 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Aleksandar Jokic ◽

Nikola Sremcevic ◽

Zeki Karagülle ◽

Tatjana Pekmezovic ◽

Vukosava Davidovic

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Hemoglobin Level ◽

Spa Therapy ◽

Sod Activity

Background/Aim. It is weel-known that sulphur baths and mud paks demonstrate beneficial effects on patients suffering from degenerative knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) through the increased activity of protective antioxidant enzymes. The aim of this study was to assess lipid peroxidation level, i.e. malondialdehyde concetration, in individuals with knee and/or hip osteoarthritis (OA), as well as to determine the influence of sulphur baths and mud packs application on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in order to minimize or eliminate excessive free radical species production (oxidative stress). Methods. Thirty one patiens with knee and/or hip OA of both sexes were included in the study. All OA patients received mud pack and sulphur bath for 20 minutes a day, for 6 consecutive days a week, over 3 weeks. Blood lipid peroxidation, ie malondialdehyde concentration, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity were measured spectrophotometrically, before, on day 5 during the treatment and at the end of spa cure. Healthy volunteers (n = 31) were the controls. Results. The sulphur baths and mud packs treatment of OA patients caused a significant decrease in plasma malondialdehyde concentration compared to the controls ( p < 0.001). The mean SOD activity before the terapy was 1 836.24 U/gHb, on day 5 it rose to 1 942.15 U/gHb and after the spa cure dropped to 1 745.98 U/gHb. Catalase activity before the therapy was 20.56 kU/gHb and at the end of the terapy decreased to 16.16 kU/gHb. The difference in catalase activity before and after the therapy was significant (p < 0.001), and also significant as compared to control (p < 0.001). At the end of the treatment significant increase of hemoglobin level and significant decrease of pain intensity were noticed. Conclusion. A combined 3-week treatment by sulphur bath and mud packs led to a significant decrease of lipid peroxidation in plasma, as well as pain intensity in the patients with OA. These changes were associated with changes in plasma activity of SOD and CAT and a significant increase of hemoglobin level suggesting their role in beneficial effect of spa therapy in the patients with OA.

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Oxidative Damage in the Aging Heart: an Experimental Rat Model

The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal ◽

10.2174/1874192401509010078 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 78-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gustavo Lenci Marques ◽

Francisco Filipak Neto ◽

Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽

Samuel Liebel ◽

Rogério de Fraga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Protein Carbonylation ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Complex Process ◽

Protein Thiols

Introduction: Several theories have been proposed to explain the cause of ‘aging’; however, the factors that affect this complex process are still poorly understood. Of these theories, the accumulation of oxidative damage over time is among the most accepted. Particularly, the heart is one of the most affected organs by oxidative stress. The current study, therefore, aimed to investigate oxidative stress markers in myocardial tissue of rats at different ages.Methods: Seventy-two rats were distributed into 6 groups of 12 animals each and maintained for 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. After euthanasia, the heart was removed and the levels of non-protein thiols, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were determined.Results:Superoxide dismutase, catalase activity and lipid peroxidation were reduced in the older groups of animals, when compared with the younger group. However, protein carbonylation showed an increase in the 12-month group followed by a decrease in the older groups. In addition, the levels of non-protein thiols were increased in the 12-month group and not detected in the older groups.Conclusion:Our data showed that oxidative stress is not associated with aging in the heart. However, an increase in non-protein thiols may be an important factor that compensates for the decrease of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in the oldest rats, to maintain appropriate antioxidant defenses against oxidative insults.

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Effects of Pre-Exposure To Waterborne Selenium On Redox Homeostasis and Humoral Innate Immune Parameters in African Catfish, Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Experimentally Challenged With Serratia Marcescens

10.21203/rs.3.rs-969719/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joseph Adeyemi ◽

Germaine A. Ogunwole ◽

Olufemi S. Bamidele ◽

Chris O. Adedire

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Respiratory Burst ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Redox Homeostasis ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Antioxidant Properties

Abstract Bacterial infections have been associated with immune dysfunction and oxidative stress in cultured fish species while essential elements could boost immunity and exhibit antioxidant properties in fish. This study was therefore aimed at determining the effects of pre-exposure to waterborne selenium on humoral immunity and redox status of Clarias gariepinus experimentally challenged with Serratia marcescens. Juveniles C. gariepinus were pre-exposed to 50 µg/L selenium for 14 days after which they were challenged with 5 × 103 CFU/mL of S. marcescens via oral gavage for 24 or 48 h. The control fish were not exposed to selenium and not challenged with bacteria. Thereafter, fish were sacrificed, blood collected into EDTA bottles for the determination of plasma nitric oxide levels and respiratory burst, and the liver excised for the determination of reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, and activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Fish that were challenged with bacteria without pre-exposure to selenium had elevated levels of nitric oxide, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, and a higher activity of glutathione peroxidase and respiratory burst but a significant decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase compared to the fish that were pre-exposed to selenium prior to bacterial challenge at both 24 and 48 h post-infection periods. The results from this study showed that infection with S. marcescens is capable of disrupting the immune system and redox homeostasis in C. gariepinus, while pre-exposure to selenium has the ability to improve the physiological status of fish that were challenged with bacteria probably through its antioxidant properties.

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Lipid peroxidation, activity of Na+,K+-ATPase and exzymes of antioxidant defence in rats with nephropathy induced by cobalt chloride

Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya ◽

10.18097/pbmc20105605540 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 540-544

Author(s):

A.I. Tedtoeva ◽

F.S. Dzugkoeva ◽

I.V. Mozhaeva ◽

S.G. Dzugkoev

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Atpase Activity ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Cobalt Chloride ◽

Male Rats ◽

Water Reabsorption ◽

Electrolyte Excretion ◽

Antioxidant Defence ◽

Renal Functions

Chronic parenteral administration of cobalt chloride (6 mg/kg) to male rats for 2 weeks or 1 month was accompanied by activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO), a decrease of superoxide dismutase activity and an increase of catalase activity. The membrane toxic action also resulted in a decrease of cortical and medullar Na+,K+-ATPase activity of kidneys, and the decrease in renal functions (glomerular filtration, renal water reabsorption, spontaneous diuresis, electrolyte excretion).

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ERYTHROCYTE OXIDATIVE STATUS AFTER MAXIMAL AEROBIC TEST IN WRESTLERS

Human Sport Medicine ◽

10.14529/hsm190102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

A Alexandrova ◽

L Petrov ◽

R Makaveev ◽

E Tsvetanova ◽

A Georgieva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Total Glutathione ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Blood Samples

Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the erythrocyte oxidative status of the wrestlers after performing the maximal aerobic test, by registering in erythrocytes the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO), total glutathione (tGSH) and activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Materials and methods. A group of 12 healthy wrestlers conducted a treadmill maximal aerobic test, and venous blood samples were obtained before and immediately after the exercise. Erythrocytes were separated from plasma and used for spectrophotometric determination of LPO, tGSH and enzyme activities. Plasma was used for determination of hemoglobin concentration (Hb) as an index of hemolysis. Results. The performance of the maximal aerobic test resulted in a significant increase of Hb in blood plasma, a decrease of LPO, and no changes of the tGSH level in erythrocytes. In regards to antioxidant enzymes, our results showed an increase in the activity of GPx, while the CAT and SOD activity remain unchanged. Conclusions. It can be concluded that in active athletes, predominate erythrocytes that are more resistant to oxidative stress, because of the accelerated hemolysis induced by physical exercise, lead to the elimination of the old and oxidative modified cells.

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