scholarly journals Evaluation of allelopathic competency of Lamium amplexicaule and identification of its allelopathic active substance

2019 ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Chisato Sakamoto, Masahiko Suzuki ◽  
Arihiro Iwasaki, Kiyotake Suenaga ◽  
Hisashi Kato- Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Chromatographic Separations ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Arctium Lappa ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Methyl Caffeate

The weedy annual grass Lamium amplexicaule (L.) originated from the Mediterranean region, spreads quickly, and becomes naturalized in areas it invades. It was assumed that volatile phytotoxic substances are one of the invasive characteristics of L. amplexicaule. However, no volatile compound has been found. Therefore, we re-evaluated the allelopathic potential of L. amplexicaule and investigated the phytotoxic substances with allelopathic activity. An extract of L. amplexicaule inhibited the root and shoot growth of Lepidium sativum, Lactuca sativa, Arctium lappa, Lolium multiflorum Lam., Echinochloa crus-galli, and Vulpia myuros, which indicates that the extract has an allelopathic effect. The extract was purified using bioassay-guided chromatographic separations, and a phytotoxic substance with allelopathic activity was isolated and characterized as methyl caffeate. The compound significantly inhibited the root and shoot growth of L. sativum and L. multiflorum. The present results suggest that methyl caffeate may contribute to the allelopathic effect of the L. amplexicaule extracts and consequently, may be partly responsible for the invasive characteristics of the species. 

scholarly journals Influence of drought on allelopathic properties of Pinus sylvestris L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 85-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Rositska
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Allelopathic Activity

Objective – to investigate the influence of drought on allelopathic activity of Pinus sylvestris L. plants in conditions of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. Material and methods. The choice of study objects was due to their habitat: plants of P. sylvestris grew in compliance with the necessary agricultural technology including regular irrigation at site 1 (control) and in the conditions of drought at site 2 that models natural ecosystems (experiment). The allelopathic activity of leaves and soil was determined. In the model experiments, Lepidium sativum L. ‘Azhur’, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Poliska 90’, Amaranthus caudatum L. ‘Rothschwanz’ were applied as the test plants. Results of the current study revealed that the allelopathic potential of needles and rhizosphere soil of P. sylvestris depends not only from the species but also from drought conditions. The inhibitory effect was stronger against root elongation than shoot elongation of seedlings. Conclusion. This study provides a laboratory-based evidence of the allelopathic effect of P. sylvestris exudates under drought stress on model plants. Studies showed that plants grown under conditions of lower soil moisture exhibit stronger inhibitory effect or slightly stimulate the growth of test objects in comparison with plants that had better water supply. This testifies to the relationship between soil moisture and seasonal allelopathic activity of the plants.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential and Active Substances from Wedelia Chinensis (Osbeck)

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1591
Author(s):  
Kawsar Hossen ◽  
Krishna Rany Das ◽  
Shun Okada ◽  
Arihiro Iwasaki ◽  
Kiyotake Suenaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Active Substances

Wedelia chinensis (Asteraceae) is a wetland herb native to India, China, and Japan. It is a valuable medicinal plant recorded to have pharmaceutical properties. However, the phytotoxic potential of Wedelia chinensis has not yet been examined. Thus, we carried out this study to establish the allelopathic effects of Wedelia chinensis and to identify its phytotoxic substances. Extracts of Wedelia chinensis exhibited high inhibitory activity against the root and shoot growth of cress, alfalfa, rapeseed, lettuce, foxtail fescue, Italian ryegrass, timothy, and barnyard grass. The inhibition was varied with species and was dependent on concentrations. The extracts were separated through several purification steps, and the two effective substances were isolated and characterized as vanillic acid and gallic acid using spectral analysis. Vanillic acid and gallic acid significantly arrested the growth of cress and Italian ryegrass seedlings. The concentrations of vanillic acid and gallic acid needed for 50% inhibition (I50 values) of the seedling growth of the cress and Italian ryegrass were 0.04–15.4 and 0.45–6.6 mM, respectively. The findings suggest that vanillic acid and gallic acid may be required for the growth inhibitory activities of Wedelia chinensis.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF EXTRACTS AND LEACHATES OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA A. JUSS LEAVES ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF ELEUSINE CORACANA (L.) GAERTNER

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Elavazhagan P
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Germination And Growth

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of leaf leachates and leaf extracts prepared from fully senesced fallen and matured leaves of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertner. Leaf leachates and leaf extracts sowed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of E. coracana seedlings. The leaf extracts had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of leaf leachates on morphological parameters of E. coracana

On the allelopathic potential of certain terpenoids, phenolics, and their mixtures, and their recovery from soil

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 888-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inderjit ◽  
Michiyasu Muramatsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Lower Recovery

A study was conducted to understand the effects of certain phenolics, terpenoids, and their equimolar mixture through agar gel and soil growth bioassays and their recovery from soils. The eight compounds selected for this study were p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid, umbelliferone, catechin, emodin, 1,8-cineole, carvone, and betulin. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was used as test species for agar gel and soil growth bioassays. Root and shoot growth of lettuce was inhibited for all the above except emodin and catechin. However, in soils treated with different phenolics and terpenoids, only root growth of lettuce was inhibited, whereas shoot growth was promoted. Recovery of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and umbelliferone was higher in unautoclaved soils, while that of catechin was lower. Recovery in relation to degradation of compounds and the significance of additive activities of compounds are discussed. Key words: phenolics, allelopathy, terpenoids, soil, Lactuca sativa.

scholarly journals Effects of Polydopamine Microspheres Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles on Lolium multiflorum: Bigger Size, Less Toxic

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Xinrui Wang ◽  
Hongyong Luo ◽  
Weihua Zheng ◽  
Xinling Wang ◽  
Haijun Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Green Method ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth

The rapid development of nanotechnology and its widespread use have given rise to serious concerns over the potential adverse impacts of nanomaterials on the Earth’s ecosystems. Among all the nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most extensively used nanomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property. However, the toxic mechanism of AgNPs in nature is still unclear. One of the questions under debate is whether the toxicity is associated with the size of AgNPs or the silver ions released from AgNPs. In our previous study, a sub-micron hybrid sphere system with polydopamine-stabilized AgNPs (Ag@PDS) was synthesized through a facile and green method, exhibiting superior antibacterial properties. The current study aims to explore the unique toxicity profile of this hybrid sphere system by studying its effect on germination and early growth of Lolium multiflorum, with AgNO3 and 15 nm AgNPs as a comparison. The results showed the seed germination was insensitive/less sensitive to all three reagents; however, vegetative growth was more sensitive. Specifically, when the Ag concentration was lower than 40 mg/L, Ag@PDS almost had no adverse effects on the root and shoot growth of Lolium multiflorum seeds. By contrast, when treated with AgNO3 at a lower Ag concentration of 5 mg/L, the plant growth was inhibited significantly, and was reduced more in the case of AgNP treatment at the same Ag concentration. As the exposures of Ag@PDS, AgNO3, and AgNPs increased, so did the Ag content in the root and shoot. In general, Ag@PDS was proven to be a potential useful hybrid material that retains antibacterial property with light phytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Allelopathic Potential of Leaf Extracts from Dischidia imbricata (Blume) Steud. on the Seedling Growth of Six Test Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1019-1024
Author(s):  
Ramida KRUMSRI ◽  
Sutjaritpan BOONMEE ◽  
Hisashi KATO-NOGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Allelopathic Activity

Dischidia imbricata (Blume) Steud. is a herbaceous plant belonging to the Apocynaceae family. This plant has been reported to possess various pharmacological properties, however, there has been no report related to its allelopathic properties. Therefore, the aqueous methanol extracts of D. imbricata were examined for possible allelopathic activity against the seedling growth of dicotyledonous plants; lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), cress (Lepidium sativum L.), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and monocotyledonous plants; barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). D. imbricata extracts exhibited a significant inhibition on the seedling growth of all the test plant species at the concentration ≥ 0.01 g dry weight equivalent extract mL-1. The seedling growth of lettuce showed the highest inhibition with D. imbricata extracts followed by alfalfa and cress, whereas the least inhibition was found on the seedling growth of timothy. Concentrations required for 50% inhibition (I50 values) of all the test plant species were in the range of 0.003 to 0.067 g D.W. equivalent extract mL-1 for shoot growth, and 0.018 to 0.026 g D.W. equivalent extract mL-1 for root growth. In addition considering the I50 values, the root growth of the test plant species was more sensitive to D. imbricata extracts than their shoot growth, except cress seedling. These results indicated that D. imbricata may possess allelopathic activity and may contain allelopathic substances.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

scholarly journals Phytogrowth-Inhibitory Lactones Derivatives of Glaucolide B

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Claúdio de A. Barbosa ◽  
Adilson V. Costa ◽  
Dorila Piló-Veloso ◽  
Joao Luiz C. Lopes ◽  
Manuel G. Hernandez-Terrones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sesquiterpene Lactone ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Trifolium Alexandrinum ◽  
Amaranthus Hypochondriacus ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Derivatives Of

The sesquiterpene lactone glaucolide B (1), isolated from Vernonia fruticulosa (Asteraceae), was transformed into six lactones (2-7). The structures of the products were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. A series of solutions of compounds 1-7, at 200 μᴍ, were tested on the germination and on the root and shoot growth of the dicotyledons Physalis ixocarpa and Trifolium alexandrinum and of the monocotyledons Lolium multiflorum and Amaranthus hypochondriacus. Lactone 5 exhibited clear selectivity towards dicotyledonous species at 200 μᴍ, with an average inhibition of 90% on the germination of P. ixocarpa. Lactones 1, 3 and 4 had a greater effect on root length of monocotyledonous species, inhibiting around 70% at 200 μᴍ in L. multiflorum. It seems that the diol function is required in lactones 4-6 to increase the activity, the polarity in the molecule might be required to reach its target.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic Substance with Allelopathic Activity in Brachiaria decumbens

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Kobayashi ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Chromatographic Methods ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Phytotoxic Substance

The grass Brachiaria decumbens becomes naturalized and quickly dominant in non-native areas. It was hypothesized that phytotoxic substances of plants may contribute to the domination and invasion of the plants. However, no potent phytotoxic substance has been reported in B decumbens. Therefore, we searched for phytotoxic substances with allelopathic activity in this species. An acpeous methanol extract of B. decumbens inhibited the growth of roots and shoots of cress (Lepidium sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), timothy (Phleum pratense) and ryegrass ilolium multiflorum) seedlings. The extract was then purified using chromatographic methods and a phytotoxic substance with allelopathic activity was isolated and identified by spectral analysis as ( 6R,9S)-3-oxo-α-ionol. These results suggest that this compound may contribute to the allelopathic effect caused by the B. decumbens extract and may be in part responsible for the invasion and domination of B. decumbens. Two other Brachiaria species, B. brizantha and a Bractearia hybrid were also confirmed to contain ( 6R,9S)-3-oxo-α-ionol. Therefore, this compound may play an important role in the phytotoxicity of the Brachiaria species.

Laboratory screening for allelopathic potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum) accessions against annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wu ◽  
J. Pratley ◽  
D. Lemerle ◽  
T. Haig
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
New Bioassay

A new screening bioassay, the ‘equal-compartment-agar-method (ECAM)’, was developed and employed to evaluate 92 wheat cultivars for their allelopathic activity on the inhibition of root growth of annual ryegrass (L. rigidum). Results showed that the allelopathic activity of wheat was associated with the sowing time of ryegrass seeds, the number of wheat seedlings, agar quantities, and agar concentrations. The addition of activated charcoal into the agar medium significantly alleviated wheat allelopathic inhibition on the root growth of ryegrass, indicating that wheat allelopathic activity is chemically driven. There were significant differences between wheat cultivars in their allelopathic potential at the seedling stage on the inhibition of root elongation of annual ryegrass, varying from 23.98% to 90.91%. Re-screening of 22 selected wheat accessions showed that the allelopathic potential of wheat cultivars is consistent between different years under the same experimental conditions. This newly developed screening bioassay successfully separated the allelopathic effect from the competitive effect between wheat and ryegrass plants, and enabled the constant release and accumulation of allelochemicals from living wheat seedlings into the growth medium to affect the growth of ryegrass. The influence of microorganisms was also avoided because of the sterile conditions. The present study describes this new bioassay suitable for the efficient screening of a large number of wheat cultivars under laboratory conditions.

Isolation and identification of IAA producing endosymbiotic bacteria from Gracillaria corticata (J. Agardh)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5179
Author(s):  
Ilahi Shaik* ◽  
P. Janakiram ◽  
Sujatha L. ◽  
Sushma Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth

Indole acetic acid is a natural phytohormone which influence the root and shoot growth of the plants. Six (GM1-GM6) endosymbiotic bacteria are isolated from Gracilaria corticata and screened for the production of IAA out of six, three bacterial strains GM3, GM5 and GM6 produced significant amount of IAA 102.4 µg/ml 89.40 µg/ml 109.43 µg/ml respectively. Presence of IAA in culture filtrate of the above strains is further analyzed and confirmed by TLC. As these bacterial strains, able to tolerate the high salinity these can be effectively used as PGR to increase the crop yield in saline soils.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document