scholarly journals Influence of corn forage type and flaxseed on the productive parameters, meat quality and sensory analysis in Pelibuey lambs

2020 ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Diana Tamara Ramírez ◽  
José Reyes Galaviz Rodriguez ◽  
Xochitl Gabriela Montalvo Aguilar ◽  
Patricia Villalobos Peñalosa ◽  
Pablo Cortés Roldán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Forage Type ◽  
Quality Production

The effect of corn straw (CS) or silage (CL), combined with flaxseed (Fx) on meat quality production and sensory analysis of Pelibuey lambs were evaluated. Sixty-four Pelibuey lambs were divided to each of the following treatments: T1) Corn Straw (CS: 16.3%) without flaxseed (Fx) in the diet, T2) CS plus 6% of Fx, T3) Corn silage (CL: 15%) without Fx and T4) CL plus 6% of Fx. Dry matter intake improved by 9.2% with CL vs. CS. The feed conversion improved with the use of CL in 1-14d (P≤ 0.02) and 14-28d (0.05) in 11.7% and 10.4%, respectively. Coordinate b was increased by 38% (P=0.01) in the animals fed with CS. Thus results show that Fx did not influence the physical-chemical and sensory variables of the meat. CL favorably changed the feed intake, flavor and juiciness of the meat, as in the fattening of lambs.

scholarly journals Growth performance and safety of meat from cattle feedlot finished with monensin in the ration

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Robson Kyoshi Ueno ◽  
Julio Cezar Heker Junior ◽  
Eloize Jaqueline Askel ◽  
André Martins de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Edible Tissues ◽  
Fat Thickness

Monensin is an ionophore antibiotic, the inclusion of which in the feed of beef cattle favors the best use of feed nutrients, via ruminal modulation. However, there are concerns regarding the residence of residues in the carcass from metabolism of monensin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance, carcass characteristics, serum parameters, tissue residual depletion and economic benefit of finishing of young bulls in confinement with monensin in the ration. Thirty-six animals were confined, and given 50% corn silage feed and 50% more concentrated feed. The experimental design was completely randomized, with two treatments (with or without monensin) and 10 replicates for the control group and eight for the monensin group. The use of monensin reduced the dry matter intake in relation to live weight (2.36% vs 2.55%), and improved feed conversion (8.61 vs 10.06 kg kg?1); the animals presented higher live weight (511 vs 494 kg), higher warm carcass weight (285 vs 272 kg) and an increase in fat thickness (4.97 vs 4.25 mm) compared to control animals. These increases in performance gave higher economic results, with a profit margin of R$ 122.84 per animal. A waiting period of 16 h before slaughter resulted in monensin concentrations below 0.25 µg kg?1 in edible organs and tissues, values well below those permitted by legislation. The use of monensin for young bulls in confinement promoted improvements in productive and economic performance, without leaving residues in edible tissues.

THE INVESTIGATION OF SODIUM BICARBONATE OR BENTONITE AS SUPPLEMENTS IN SILAGES FED TO LACTATING COWS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
V. G. MACKAY
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Cows

Two experiments with lactating Holsteins were carried out to determine the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or bentonite, added to silage prior to feeding, as a means of increasing dry matter intake. In the first trials the feed, consisting of 10% grain mixture, 45% grass silage and 45% corn silage, was supplemented with 0, 0.6 or 1.2% bentonite in a 3 × 3 latin square utilizing 12 cows and 28-day test periods. Neither level of bentonite improved dry matter intake or milk yield. Milk composition, molar proportions of rumen volatile fatty acids, plasma calcium and phosphorus were not influenced by additions of bentonite. Apparent dry matter digestibility was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) by the addition of bentonite at the 0.6 and 1.2% levels compared to the cows fed the unsupplemented ration. The digestibility of acid detergent fiber was lower (P < 0.05) for cows fed the silage mixture supplemented with 1.2% bentonite than for the controls. In the second trial a silage mixture consisting of approximately 30% grass silage and 70% corn silage was supplemented with either 0.8% NaHCO3, 2.1% bentonite or neither and fed in a 3 × 3 latin square utilizing 15 cows and 28-day treatment periods. Compared to control cows, neither NaHCO3 nor bentonite had any significant (P > 0.05) influence on dry matter intake, milk yield or rumen fermentation. However, the addition of NaHCO3 to the silage improved milk yield and feed conversion (P < 0.05) when compared to cows fed the silage supplemented with bentonite. It was concluded from these trials that bentonite should not be used as a supplement to silage diets fed to lactating cows. The results suggested that NaHCO3 supplementation had little if any beneficial effect when grass silage made up approximately 30% of the total diet. Key words: NaHCO3, bentonite, lactating cows, silage intake, digestibility

scholarly journals The Performance of Steers Fed on Sugarcane in natura or Ensiled with Concentrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Dheynne Alves Vieira ◽  
Andréia Santos Cezário ◽  
Wallacy Barbacena Rosa dos Santos ◽  
Jeferson Corrêa Ribeiro ◽  
Tiago Neves Pereira Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of crossbred Holstein × Zebu steers fed on the diets containing sugarcane in natura or ensiled with two levels of concentrate (30% and 70%). A total of 32 males of 394 kg of body weight were used in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments and seven repetitions. The animals reported a high dry matter intake (DMI) (P < 0.05) when fed on the high concentrate levels. The increase in concentrate levels resulted in an approximately 25% to 60% higher DMI as compared to the lowest level offered by silage-based diets and sugarcane in natura. The highest apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter were observed in the diets based on sugarcane in natura (P < 0.05). The sugarcane based diets also affected (P > 0.05) the digestibility of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein, ether extract, and non-fiber carbohydrates. There were no differences (P > 0.05) between the diets for average daily weight gain, carcass dressing, carcass gain, and feed conversion. The diets based on sugarcane in nature or ensiled with 30% and 70% concentrates do not influence the performance of crossbred Holstein × Zebu cattle.

Daily methane emissions and emission intensity of grazing beef cattle genetically divergent for residual feed intake

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Velazco ◽  
R. M. Herd ◽  
D. J. Cottle ◽  
R. S. Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion

As daily methane production (DMP; g CH4/day) is strongly correlated with dry matter intake (DMI), the breeding of cattle that require less feed to achieve a desired rate of average daily gain (ADG) by selection for a low residual feed intake (RFI) can be expected to reduce DMP and also emission intensity (EI; g CH4/kg ADG). An experiment was conducted to compare DMP and EI of Angus cattle genetically divergent for RFI and 400-day weight (400dWT). In a 6-week grazing study, 64 yearling-age cattle (30 steers, 34 heifers) were grazed on temperate pastures, with heifers and steers grazing separate paddocks. Liveweight (LW) was monitored weekly and DMP of individual cattle was measured by a GreenFeed emission monitoring unit in each paddock. Thirty-nine of the possible 64 animals had emission data recorded for 15 or more days, and only data for these animals were analysed. For these cattle, regression against their mid-parent estimated breeding value (EBV) for post-weaning RFI (RFI-EBV) showed that a lower RFI-EBV was associated with higher LW at the start of experiment. Predicted dry matter intake (pDMI), predicted DMP (pDMP) and measured DMP (mDMP) were all negatively correlated with RFI-EBV (P < 0.05), whereas ADG, EI, predicted CH4 yield (pMY; g CH4/kg DMI) were not correlated with RFI-EBV (P > 0.1). Daily CH4 production was positively correlated with animal LW and ADG (P < 0.05). The associations between ADG and its dependent traits EI and pMY and predicted feed conversion ratio (kg pDMI/kg ADG) were strongly negative (r = –0.82, –0.57 and –0.85, P < 0.001) implying that faster daily growth by cattle was accompanied by lower EI, MY and feed conversion ratio. These results show that cattle genetically divergent for RFI do not necessarily differ in ADG, EI or pMY on pasture and that, if heavier, cattle with lower RFI-EBV can actually have higher DMP while grazing moderate quality pastures.

Neutral detergent fiber concentration of corn silage and rumen inert bulk influences dry matter intake and ruminal digesta kinetics of growing steers2

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 833-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Tjardes ◽  
D. D. Buskirk ◽  
M. S. Allen ◽  
N. K. Ames ◽  
L. D. Bourquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Inclusion of different levels of inulin on productive parameters and intestinal morphology in fattening guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Carcelén Cáceres ◽  
Felipe San Martín Howard ◽  
Miguel Ara Gómez ◽  
Sandra Bezada Quintana ◽  
Ana Asencios Méndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effect of the three inulin levels (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%) supplemented as a substitute for an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP, zinc bacitracin) and control in guinea pigs raised for human consumption. Fifty 14-day-old male guinea pigs were used. Productive parameters (weight gain, total dry matter intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR)) and intestinal morphology of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum at slaughter (70 days of age) were evaluated. An inverse relationship was observed between inulin levels and FCR (linear effect; P = 0.006). There was no statistically significant effect of the treatments on total dry matter intake and weight gain (P > 0.05). A linear effect of the inulin level on the villi’s length (VL), villi’s width (VW), and length/depth ratio (VL/DC) in the duodenum; VW in the jejunum; and VL in the ileum (P <0 .05) was reported. In conclusion, a linear effect of the increasing doses of inulin was found on the FCR and the morphological parameters of the duodenum’s integrity, and no differences in the effects of the inulin added to the diet and the treatment with AGP were found.

scholarly journals Performance and behavior of dairy calves fed diets containing milk and citric flavor agents

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 889-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvane Barcelos Carlotto ◽  
Clair Jorge Olivo ◽  
Julio Viégas ◽  
David Arthur Stiles ◽  
Alexandre Mossate Gabbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Abdominal Perimeter

While young ruminants prefer milk aroma and researches about this theme are being developed, the use of citric aroma, very appetized for older ruminants, are low utilized to young animals. This work aims to compare the influence of milk and citric flavor agents on the diets of nursing dairy calves. In this trial, 12 animals of Holstein breed were distributed in a randomized block design with four treatments (concentrate without flavor agent, concentrate with milk flavor or citrus flavor, and concentrate with milk plus citrus flavor agent) and three repetitions. The parameters evaluated were: concentrate dry matter intake (CDMI), hay dry matter (HDMI), milk dry matter intake (MDMI) and total dry matter intake (TDMI), average weight gain (ADWG), feed conversion (FC), initial (IBW) and final body weight (FBW), initial thoracic perimeter (ITP) and final thoracic perimeter (FTP), initial abdominal perimeter (IAP) and final abdominal perimeter (FAP), initial withers height (IWH) and final withers height (FWH) and animal behavior. The CDMI, HDMI and TDMI, as well as IBW, FBW, ITP, FTP, IAP, FAP, IWH and FWH did not show differences (P>0.05). The averages daily gain and feed conversion showed no differences, with means of 0.55 kg/animal and 2.09, respectively. The diets did not affect animal behavior parameters (P>0.05).

VOLUNTARY INTAKE OF SHREDDED NEWSPRINT BY DAIRY COWS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. GRIEVE ◽  
J. H. BURTON ◽  
H. E. BRAUN ◽  
R. FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Shredded newsprint is a potential source of bedding for livestock, but because it may contain certain heavy metals and polychlorinated biphenyls significant voluntary consumption of newsprint by animals would be undesirable. To determine consumption levels, 18 Holstein cows in mid-lactation (average 19 wk) were used in a double latin square design. Squares represented access to shredded newsprint or chopped hay in the feed manger except during feeding time. Within squares, cows were allotted to each of three complete mixed rations over three 6-wk treatment periods. Rations comprised hay crop silage, corn silage, high moisture grain corn and soybean meal with roughage:concentrate ratios of 30:70 (LR), 50:50 (MR) and 70:30 (HR). Mixed rations were fed according to individual cow requirements for energy depending on body weight, milk yield and milk fat percent. Cows were allowed 4 h after each of two feedings per day to consume their allotted mixed ration. Voluntary consumption of newsprint was only 0.3 kg per cow per day or 2% of total dry matter intake while for those offered hay consumption was 2.6 kg∙cow−1∙day−1 or 15% of total dry matter intake. Intakes of mixed rations were unaffected by roughage:concentrate ratio or newsprint versus hay. However, total dry matter consumption (mixed ration plus newsprint or hay) was higher for cows offered hay (17.3 kg∙cow−1∙day−1) than for those offered newsprint (15.1 kg∙cow−1∙day−1). Levels of heavy metals in milk or blood samples of cows with access to newsprint were within normally accepted ranges. PCBs were at undetectable levels in all cases. Bedding cows with newsprint is unlikely to result in significant consumption or contamination of animals or their products. Key words: Lactating cows, newsprint consumption, heavy metals

Effect of defaunation on body conformation changes, wool yield and fibre characteristics of growing lambs in a hot semiarid environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Santra ◽  
S. Parthasarathy ◽  
S. A. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Wool Fibre ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Wool Yield ◽  
Fibre Characteristics

The efficacy of sodium laurel sulfate as a defaunating agent, as well as effect of defaunation on body confirmation changes, wool yield and fibre characteristics, were evaluated in growing lambs in a 90-day feeding experiment. Forty-five Malpura male weaner (90-day old) lambs were divided into three equal groups: defaunated, refaunated and faunated. The lambs of defaunated and refaunated groups were defaunated by oral administration of sodium laurel sulfate at the rate of 8 g/100 kg liveweight as a 10% aqueous solution. Six days after defaunation, all the lambs of the refaunated group were refaunated by inoculation of 100 mL rumen content per lamb drawn from a normal faunated sheep. All the experimental lambs were maintained under stall feeding on a complete feed containing 50 : 50 Pala (Ziziphus nummularia) leaf and concentrate. Treatments did not differ in intake of dry matter, digestible crude protein or digestible energy. Body height and paunch girth were greater (P < 0.01) in defaunated compared to refaunated and faunated lambs. With similar dry matter intake in the three experimental groups, liveweight gain, feed conversion efficiency and wool yield were higher (P < 0.01) in defaunated lambs. The wool fibre diameter and medullation percentage were higher (P < 0.01) in defaunated than refaunated and faunated lambs. It was concluded from the study that, with similar dry matter intake and plane of nutrition, the growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and wool yield were higher in defaunated lambs, as compared to refaunated and faunated lambs. Higher paunch girth in defaunated lambs resulted in a pot-bellied appearance of the animals.

PATURAGE VERSUS ENSILAGE POUR LA PRODUCTION LAITIERE

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-927
Author(s):  
J. L. DIONNE ◽  
G. ROY ◽  
G. PELLETIER ◽  
C. FERNET ◽  
J. GENEST ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L

Timothy and Ladino-timothy pastures (Phleum pratence L. et Trifolium repens L.) were compared to corn (Zea mays) and alfalfa-timothy silages (Medicago sativa L. and Phleum pratence L.) for forage and milk production. Three groups of 10 Holstein cows were used over three summers. Concentrate feeding was done according to the amount of milk fat produced. The grazing season extended from 29 May to 7 Oct., and the stoking rate was 3.09 cows per hectare. Cows fed silage were kept in confinement. Forage dry matter yields were 8677 kg/ha for the timothy pasture, 6574 kg/ha for the Ladino-timothy pasture, 7040 kg/ha for the alfalfa-timothy silage and 8740 kg/ha for the corn silage. Milk production per hectare was highest from fields harvested for silage: 11 891 kg/ha from silage compared to 8147 kg/ha from pasture. The forage-producing area required per cow was 0.15 ha for the silage crop and 0.28 ha for the pastures. Daily fat corrected milk production per cow was 21.8 kg on Ladino-timothy pasture, 21.6 kg on timothy pasture and only 18.2 kg per cow fed silage. The feed conversion index was 1.16 kg of dry matter per kilogram of milk for cows on pasture and 0.88 for those receiving silage. Milk produced from timothy pasture contained more protein than milk produced from silage; other milk constituents were not affected by treatments. A high concentration of urea was found in the blood serum of cows grazing on pasture due to the high amount of nitrogen contained in the herbage.

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